682 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
[Ocroprr 11, 1856. 
SS Elica us Lee ce 
this moment we have before us a level topped ;—changes much less considerable than are known t ss of pure blood is less eo 
Parsnip with a outline and clean bark, as| have sake place in other cultivated plants.” than Rs first. "m says—‘ "ther eà a n be no 
uch as 9 inches in circumference, produced fro The experiments, ‘ on that the p ersevering use o angea bull lis is 
the small wild root; and in the Vetches, our| usin the clearest possible manner that { obtaining ra thek ighest degree 
samples for this year presented both a winter and ait is the parent of our cultivated ‘Ay nd that | a F olaidh of size, quality, and ea Ay maturity.” 
spring variety, of a good agricultural kind, pras not only of one but of more forms or varieties pro- | He then contends at oo gth for the merits of the 
the cultivation of the diminutive Vici om in the = space of time an same kA horn breed as ning, along with, ae 
tifolia terres ve es of oper. —conclusions which cannot be | aptitude for tidi pA rdinary meri 
of this nature those | 0 oitir than interesting to the botanist, whilst to the | ae ndant milker 
But as amid o 
on the ‘wild id Oat will l an be looked pi nn ae 
as much interest b as the botanist, 
shall now ade es to a +. te escriptio n of the 
of the 
anges in other agricultural plants for 
another chiles 
The Bos fatua i is a Grass which almost bg ied fas 
sally a acco! anies agrarian <a sega mkia that is 
ul wild <n 
ginal sate, but i is an attendant upon tillage, aa in 
et 
various crops, bat mor 
= a of pisama. Bar to 
Tiis, isa a tall iya araling the oven of the finest | Í 
cultivated O; e forms of which, and espe- 
cially those vias a lax ‘panicle, it is is a first oe 
a more careful 
with the 
examination and com mpariso 
Avena fatua—Wild Oat. | 
Avena sativa—Cultivated Oat. 
usually three each» orets, usually two, either 
stiff awn, jis tye wi “4 
vena fat atua, reserving an) weed O 
a 
ple on 
so-called | Shed 
Avena sativa enables us to take: out the Soloviing 
differences :— att 
en | wi be obs ervable, „pe Ente shee from 
- | culti e so 
farmer the er considerations no less curi 
the im t in 
re; as we 
vig i “portion of the second letter, from 
made the above extracts, relates 
Mr. Woo 
established breed in preference to resorting to sales 
where they a are “ prepar ared ” a =~ and thus not 
e growth of Oats on stif ‘lia as sel was at 
wild Oats, and all who have 
its. ine 
rriv ifferent process 
we can now 7 only chortiy detail, 
in the examination of stray plants of Oats from 
ich where 
the year before Oats had been the 
. ones 
for ‘work, besides which at at 
tends against the 
longest —_ in the rege: Oi Bay either bull 
calves or aged bu aan “Each o; 
its advantages, 
ood 
up in the follow- 
“A farmer whose heifers I occasionally see, and 
oe are bred by chance, and reared on a combined 
no-system of starvation 1 and aan has re lot of 
18, which ay b 
to rear thi 
regard toi the eee oe ew SeNi it is not so 
d that 
pre 
of Paldies 
w t 
a T or e dees 
the | 
more nki at the pase, ; 
with straight harsh ei pans w 
seed small and worthle: d or grain for which the 
plant is cultivated. 
ia as riments about to be detailed were per- 
ures, 
i t lies, as in want 
—— 
of c: 
are PAN ape would also be a. per head additi 
value for them ct ose that from 50 cows a gape 
re reared, at an 
8 
Q 
® 
ry 
<P 
p 
E 
S 
© 
ov 
But further, if we examine Oats grown on goo 
hes lands we are aware of t 
er ete be a bushel, and a more 
of 1302. 
every ee years e from 20 t 
vith a fine and the awns scarcel 
o 3 
l i bull calf. And yet a ah farmer wi 
m his farther- -seeing neighbour who gave 30 guineas 
h 
to the butcher, bereft 
e | of reas 
son. 
sideration than they receive. 
or wha t constitutes the differ 
Surely, then, such matters merit more 
arming for 
a a know- 
at new varieties, and that dire 
aina 
h 
e | the G source, are easily a 
ted 0 
sec 
ild fo: 
ons 
ich it ie spru ung, and in so 
me.* 
cy to increase in the | 
in 
rs 
Y were sown in a patch 
of the ores in 
| app Me pis pages or our contemporary Bell 
ery short Space of 
mpe 
3 iraa of cea hare oe of Muine -agm 
| stated in aio 
agriculturist 
e which will as amply repay the working, 
emistry of soils, or the physiology of vege- 
will find a 
as in the c 
o | tation. 
Tae main facts regarding the sven | LTURAL 
Sratistics or Iretranp for 1856, as given in Mr. 
Donetty’s able report just published, will be found 
nother r page in answer to the inquiries of 
Weekly Mes. 
ly the Bre 
Mr. I 
first to be gaining eae — 
1, A gradu 
the flore 
2. A more tumid grain, in which the covering 
§ skin” was less coarse and the awn less stout and | 
3 A gindually increased development of kernel or 
: The seeds of Tee, without selection, were 
treated thr: e 
presenting the fsllorving curious variations :— 
Proportionals 
of each. 
vena fatua, wild Oat of the true type with large 
à — ergo nee hairy florets with the 
LLOUGH 
rp et cn oe from the | 
by our ow 
al decrease in the quantity of hairs on | © 
of superior catt] 
a locality, i enna near Kildorrery,] five years 
s| nee 
z RESULTS OF rere EDUCATION IN 
Fi rst, ee benefit t to the cor 
rst sure e 
roadside fene ces were | in gg Leap a few 
Carrots 
Of eh 
patient attention through a course rae years as likely |; 
nor r green crops other than jeer by any but pro- 
ignorant 
of the class of animals that is desired. Suc 
t| the most promising cows— 
whi 
more economical but it pee Bal 
the experience and skill necessary to the full deve- 
lopement of whatever degree of su ccess attends it 
The tenant farmers were 
process of 
re kept out both winter and 
k Lime was 
sted 
sonika ba no was unknown, 
7 h h 
Eri are a ch par 
e pen temi onare :— 
be pre manure, 
dinary sl 
ch are now to be f ound in pewar Si yore 
in the ape "m 
constitutio: 
1’ —choosing such as are o 
efra 
| shortin the a and, above all, exelent miler (3) 
e, 
Aa 
jana for Potatoes ; afterwar 
who would p 
Bent awn twisted a at thie Pade “ee ; “the Offspring of these cows by a roug b bred crops with sche he was acquainted. a 
var. sati loose E pact of J w all this is ee and a great improv vement is 
— i ome ne ee iol see tite A bere bull of equally pure breed, ching an animal pants e. No farm is without _Turnips or other 
towards the base. aia dunn senmaen p § kr and 
8a. Avena fatua, ar. sativa—Panie in the herd. “ But perhaps i in most cases the first | able extent ; the benefit of drain ng, ane 
dee devoid Shots rans Eu than cross will not so much present any one fault in| cleaning the land properly is known ; and the Pee 
ite devoid of hairs awa ae a reel Ee eee ge oe cat a i of uni ity of form, combined | are acting on that knowledge to a t ne i Eer 
Bach at i. tel d for With a ardness indicative of the inferior | propriety of house-fe — ~ AERON E their 
these ely sayed for ti d pd fa E aa vena the farmers sheds, they put in 
further th f l ood on t e female side. e second cross will the man 
prer whilst fa e s shed ‘eels of the plot ows during the winter months at least ; and u 
are left to gro I aad nature, with | Eeay tend to promote unifor: d to Bo, dita Kehe and “manure togetlier into his, Dai 
the view dA pintarlo i ‘the dati progresi | t pli y thi n the pext generation. . The ball, mio Py ig ER is formerly the a 
ae: arem methods to those adopted in the cul- | | s accom mplish this purpose, ought to possess that | turist who dug with a fork, put ¢ Potatoes ae 
mbination of merits which entitles him to be took out weeds with a grab bber. 
ai add here that in the article Avena in | ¢ = trees ag ee fe repeating, ta ote mnai about : ‘the 
call 
_ Morzon’s a acnedin of Agriculture, Dr. Pua 
°-pointi E ae 
Gay elt demanat he ea = 
the 
onging to it, those 
which the b a desires his herd to 
say that it has been preted ims 
school, panpa to a parti 
of fences have been levelled, and | large ai have been 
Mr. “Woon disputes the commonly received idea 
* In this report several curious botanical ch: 
burden the subject for 
o 
anges which took 
the general 1 
‘pales and 
as ba rg experiment progressed have not been tae as 
ERA ond: RENEE effectual 
ese rotation 
Fre a LCT E oiy Tollat, ile.’ 
small farmers, and in aD 
Se Fe ee 
