700 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
—— 18, 1856. 
machine have not only been extended, but h 
given tothem. 5th, By means of hooks and ey oF 
or cranks, a a platform has been attached to the back 
eee ap platform being made ot 
option either slide along the pace or be po 
ong a sufficient space for one man to stan 
ge to Ute the ent corn to the side of the machine. 
agrieulturist knows how difficult it is to keep the driving 
wana of a Fe ge machine constantly Ys 
Sanio which ong the standing cor 
he track is p hea pah r lag behind. 
with two horses, the shoulder 
the pressu: 
a 
E 
"i | Aericws, 
The Journal of Agr: iculture, and the sage of th 
quently drained by d tl 
apart and 3 feet 3 Siasi aie, 
partially dried. From 
e proprietor 30 feet 
was found. to be only 
very careful inspectio m I have 
ell drain 
Highland and Agricultural Cate of Scotland. a feet on each side of the drain. The subsoil i “re 
October 1856. Blackwoo dense clay, w = yeti of ‘till’ b l 
The c urrent number contains papers on the sciences but is not one of the worst bleeding kinds of strong ong 
Pr sa land ok few v note es on different fie lds w ili be Epam 
aoe 
contents than on previous « occasi ots it has b een. We 
extract 
$ a passage from a prize =e by Mr. J. Lockhart | 
at Morton on agricu 
| most suecessful on this propert y. 
“ A field of 25 acres, a deep earthy soil, sal — 
a ays 
ltural drainag pry clay subsoil. Drains, 24 feet apa mia e sec- 
t The system of drainage somew what extensively car- and 4 feet deep. Results st inabeey, 
riedjout on the former estate consisted for several years Another section, pean at 27 feei Simei same 
inom to shorn of a drains in every furrow, sults satisfactory, but not a great 
by the i 
“Ath er enclosure, having much 
C! 
put behind the other. One man rides ecasi r visited a à i per: 8s. A ame menge last drained, 22} feet apart, and 
pootheriniands on the mhine, close to the wh alr orks, with his | that period my connection with the improving opera- 3 fect 9inches rN Very satisfactory drainage secured, 
freien ted Heap cu ng perea 3 AN away the tions was formed, and not. being oe so complete a m Seid rained 32 feet apart, 
reaped corn from the cutters towards his left side. On the said | Convert to deep “draining as I now am, I was only on 4 feet deep. Not sa actory as to , not 
piaiform oveniected with machine another man stands with de esirous i that the 27 to = tere paa “should be 10 to 11 feat alae thoroughly drained 
: ape ci tg Deero, EES jro Scorn Sipe De pe e proprietor was strongly on either side of the — ny other instances 
downwards from the orm. © Now, as the platform is a little in favour of shallow tidal ont drainin F t, to MTPS I RY sim mply 
wider than the machine, the corn thus discharged fall far | not for aes R JERE n to “more ago = Aas give a general jirat f t at 
from = still standing that it can in no wise obstruct the horses | 33 inches. Exp ery s red, ho which 
Sorsbtack,: riason on tho machine oodi petra he | demonstrated the ‘oes, ’ thmt <a Shallow ivan “tia have been undertaken over the ens estate. 
field. In the machine according o Ward's prir neiple at 7 feet | effect at the firs scat hae ent on we t land “ Ist, Drains 30 inches deep, and from 15 to 18 feet 
ee platform here alluded to is. 9 feet t long; the side next to | they failed, after pel yea A to dry , ha ave given favourable returns, but pes ter six or 
oeiia be reaped is ieies o sary Mary ae en : Poh ; a it required to be in order o gr ow successfully every eight ri they are not so e tive as before, e, and 
While thus Urschendorf in verifying these great facts, | description of field crop. impreseed bare ee convic- Rus! hes b egin | to come up. 2d, When the | a ns were 
our attention was called to the extraordinary results of a new | tion, I obtained permission in 1848 t series | only 
open lomim & an integral part of old Poland, | of experiments in draining very de: te ys she : differ nt thes. a id a great amount of “good, but at that dept 
«F air only dfseh Alle us earibinhe: fify = tage depths and distances s apart. The first field drained for | rarely dried the clays for more than 11 feet on esi 
particulars concerning a mowing and reaping machine only thi f 16 acres of good brick-making | side of the drain. 3d, In all cases, even in the Feta 
Te a rented by Mr. Henry Arend, a gentleman of Semberg. clay. It was in pasture, covered all over with Rushes, | clays, 4 feet drains, if not more than irom 24 to 28 feet 
Wheat sich oniy vee bone tnd e me te: Spe shes bel s and p a scarce! is any pom food for stock than | asunder, have thoroughly stood the test of years, and 
such a aP nininer: Dho heaven bends however | blue Carex G The enclosure was laid out in pres res satisfaction 
in rea] feening, jiita oma ware emeti. Ene said machine | three posing the fleet (No. 1) to be drained 18 feet ‘Stone drains and tiles covered with stones have 
made so as t backwards at | apart and 30 inches deep; the second (No. 2) 27 feet, | failed pote tely on this property after ea or ten 
or esr he Se aee bbe soe Jolt ges d and 3 fect 3 inches deep ; a “the third (No. 3) 36 feet | years, and it —* now be considered a waste of 
uring either t or the ears thereof, If the asunder; and 4 feet i in dep th. The materials used were | money to a the 
Pg follow up ee mahia close! ates by tying up the Wheat | 2. 1 of the d „ and “In conduc tng experiments to ascertain 
in quate heros ratata online eq, aie | 1 neh ones atthe upper ends, all laid without cola 
e latter was la 
some 
whether Kos f shallow drains would run first after 
ps LO d very curious results, as the following 
I d 
Par mr id 
large open tiles and soles, but p TAS circular „pipes 
placed a series of drains ina 
“Tlaweze, put. iien 18 Aug., 1856, 
sais fs Deel ~ rac 
similar machini 
ma ex in Paris, bes cao the ene 
rted to have 
rom one to 
machines exhibited at Pa Paris in 1856 were tried 
a commission et inted for soe panes OY 
Aste: Michine.»s penn saggy 
by Mr Ww England; 
very - amet and finished its 
2d. Machine according to M' 
omen mena the Agee 
by Mr, Bella. 
Bre or the i year took place at 
in the aa be f July lasi According to the 
pen. yea and French report have Saka us, eulogiums 
pore ats lavished on the iet an Bnk of id reap machin 8 
gard to the results of mowing and reaping machine 
nota a sin fle cont was said about them. 
ted ope fore, draw a line here, and only comment upon 
which came prior to that 
Szechney, the m: re bein] on 
Archimedian w off 
reaped all his ploughed land, 1300 acres, | th, 
Baron Ward has in in his Lew mpi 
machines of different sizes, on the principle of 
but they have been altered and improved by him and 
Every sort of arte hee its own 
y The wor 
T season, 
as laid over the 
and a double paring of “good clean = | 
part 
of one of = worst Dy ge clay fields I could select. 
ae p, and the ne xt to it in 
in was made 
succession aw 24 sas 
0 y: 
pipes. 3 
was employed to some extent, ‘but care was tak 
prevent > formation of voids. None of the surface 
me geai th di d o he 
o prevent surface- water getting 
down above phs om oe filled-in clay was ae care- 
fully rammed with a paving-be: eater. Tt was 
in, but the top spading was lai t 
e red side up. The expense, i epenive 
of ‘the —_ o ees out the works, stood thus by the 
ial a 
A No. 1. Derr DRAINS, 
Cutting and filling 80 rods of 5} yards, ineloding main 
drain, at 9d. ... nee wae ons 
7 
Exi os 
Cartage and laying down of tiles, 2 25. per ‘tooo |. 
Superintendence and other contingencies... ace 
Rent ae Sei ent feet apart 
weather the 
e to discharge separateiy into an open dite 
ne a ‘both yes running a little, the Sings was 
measured, with the prope resu alts + :— 
The 2 cane drain Fe 
# On the following day, rast ‘the rain had abated a 
little, 
0.2. DRA: F MEDIUM DEPTH. 
Cutting and fill ling 105 rods ipelading main drains, at6d. 
Twoimi and other pipes, 1540, at 29s. 
Extra for main drains aoe 
Cartage and laying down of ‘tiles at 2s. per “1000 Was 
Superintendence and contingencies 
Cost per acre of 3 feet 3 inch drains, 27 feet apart... 
No. 3. SHALLOW DRAINS. 
lin ig 115 ia incu main ASR at4d. £2 11 8 
t 20s. 25 9 
Cutting g and fill 
drai a oie 
ean aye dowh of tiles, 2 2s. s, per i000 sie ive 
Superintendence and contingencies tes vee 
How des the ane of 30 anan drains, 18 feet epark ss £510 1 10 1 
ages 
low, and the work was got cheaper done than it ‘ould 
be got completed for now. e dime: 
of the differen nt sections, 
th 
old 
It happened to be a 
o 
being put ats, 
roductive over p 18 feet 
ain next best on No. 2, and especial the 
furrows, very inferio r on No. 1 
a. 
an ine 3 ilable 
Rpogertionh, diay IEU its particular 
turn them all to a good "Shashi 
E f English 
arods SF of fore, of different 
esi Pe floors or divisions; 
blocks well 
smallest of wood ; a forge or smithy; a turner’s 
tathe and pore adh for a wheelwright; $ a plan a8 fertilising 
thes manure and tur and filth to 
keeper or | Tike: 
xt erop w. as Turnips after a very deep er 
ploughing “O Over ‘the deel drained secticn the PS 
considerably 
and the land 
weather than on the other divisions. An 
erop ge then hay followed, ‘and under both the 
deep drains shov we d that, for a di st ance of abou t 12 feet 
y phow that a visit to the estates of 
cnt dene oraaa 
ut farthe 
off than this scarcely drained at all. The whole field is 
now in pms g and the osion I have come to in 
reference to is, that of the systems are 
i 
been most satisfac- 
excellently well, but thers 
M la and 4 feet deep, 1 havo © every reason to 
j drainage wo —_ 
om Sto 
learns more 
operations, 
“ Another field of about 18 acres, which I subse- 
Deep dtain dinchaiged 2} pints in 3 minate: 
Shallow drain discharged Es in 3 pa 
experim: n 184 ae anti: 
| cating the filli ing not t ie rains, being Amosi E 
g well. For 
continue: Pz: ter a fa 
| more water tha: (0) 
had an opportunity of examining ne „put have no 
| doubt the result continues to be the ` 
Calendar of of Operations. 
a a a naa demand fo 
ocTo TOB ER. 
CHESHIRE Farm, Oct. 14.—The great vicissitudes of weather 
lately have in some measure disappointed the expectations of the 
farmers as regards tents wane of this county. In the ay) part of 
the summer the co! upon well ¢ be te land h 
re pigs are HB fetching h high prices, and has is a good 
store cattle. Siyar a where ti 
enough, has partial y commenced, but the great pete is 
Kono Be 
7 SPP 
ROL 2 es EET a 
