Novemser 29, 1856.] THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 795 
d we must extend to him our sym pathy an Grignon, 30 hectolitres per hectare, n shat of . arose from th his work as well as 
respect, and instead of imploring for him “a con rasei no less than 270 hectares, of whieh 160 werein gone in n 1853. | bodil ily capaci rh aA awould por ‘ably fall w ith poor wages. In- 
attention to his wants on the part of the employer,” we | | There were 200 head of cattle, or rte phew of a head or some tlligent and and competent garden LT siperme ave declared to 
uld be more dispo: ag tales te ? | per hectare, In eee =r the state of things s appears not to be | e that if the — engaged in the cultivation of the ordinary 
€ Isp ongra ulate the employer much better. At the model = of Hohenheim Westnet! perks Aaea would still for a great proportion of the farming 
for having a skilful, honest, industrious, and nelk | composed of 286 hectares, Royer found in 1846 only the oie opeentions 4 ve y their perg highly skilled labour, because they 
a is livelihood. enpe 
y t 
a z e The domaine of Moeglin, Prussia, Mostra er be Von Thaer, FR have exitit ined this culture, the maraichére cul- 
merely to keep himself < from he parish” | there were found only 214 heads of catt y 20 hectares, or | tivation adjacent to Poe in, tail in the use of water for irri- 
maintain his family in comparative comfort. It may m nearly half a head of cattle to the rioen | gation; in contending m is variations of climate and forcing 
said that this is exceptional, but we believe that there |, pw. onthe eaverienee of what has ne ieee ao spe she set a nae produce under glass cas: porgi of mupe it appearoð 
; as h and already, I venture to ex s a confident opinion that farms | to me to exceed the s iia hi cultural production near 
that near a e description than is generally supposed, | of 10 hectares, or 25 acras, ey ay be made to tee eep at the least | Leadon, though it ribns spc ekes rie varasid erpa ie appli- 
nearly all farmers of 100 acres and upwards have | two or thro ree head of cattle per hectare, and give a yield of from m of labour poor feces iy and the gross amount aceon peg ir 
in their emplo h avi nap nts ames the 
: | comm hi e 
PDA EE ais h arming s and ky ae resources of | contin =< st no doubt of food—and inki if the rural | standing the excessive rents they pay of 1000 to 1600 francs the 
armers have during the last three or four years con- | populatio eia s the greater population of the labouring | hectare, or from 16%. to 202. per acre, the garden agriculturists, in 
siderably adva: ced the i information, corrected th habits, | population E Fapta so advanced in alimentation, from the |t he Cabbages and other produce attempted by the farmers, have 
A eanan ii f the labo and i Spay aera of inferior t o superior grain, from a pemon jra fast to a | beaten them out of the it fe raising them cheaper. On the 
not be a matter of if S da m), 80 as adequately to | other hand, in England, Mr. mot, whom I have already men- 
‘surprise at POIG ay it moe, |se pe their physical condition and produ noti power as | je nie ig ‘use of the ‘ome of a manure cultiva- 
Mf ase el , France, even with the highest improved culture, would | successfully invaded the province of the EET EOL 
that he Teally ye a ot observation and a ui “y find its best market at home, and would have little or nothing of hie’ inertia 
| food to export; and we have our interest in ha As aE cide that at | ow competent — ce ural improvers and 
and more to export of w and m: tors 
wos | who come into act with mite er "recognise with 
£ 1 al 0! n manufaci | me this garden caldtvation as the standard of future agricultural 
truly in some villages it is high time that an intelligent | sbe TETA of Rafar om mf EE as ape tiva siin o m | im pravom ae pe m dil h the daprar mes on of Se 
: | smal ould have the collateral a pA oe of counteract- | for this expensive s! Ur ; re 
i wee allowed to fill the minor offices patent to | ing the desire all cultivators of little baad nth hes | doubt that oo raves pe ry will at no distant od perform abe 
small communities, as there are some instances of | pas Sts the nae of thelr land, which Professor Moll, “on his | tion of such labour cafficie ntly well = ie garden 
i |“ Manuel d'Agriculture,” denounces as rmen injuri to | But even so,—on er experience already vr gate a 
le, | them, and as jajuripos to agriculture by taking poe ig eg labour, superior in skill, = intaiigence, ari trustworthiness will 
? | them the capital pai mired for it. ol oa —“ Y What | still be required for the most economical direction of this 
ays, ti i i 
s Š | p who ery. 
to other offices belonging to the locality, with not a | not capital sufficient to dee properly the anual they already | Some very high priced labour may be reduced, but I believe 
Ti ility to p the mani al | haza! jones si Si 7 10 haa wt t. to pu mrcape Son Boer a will not | = general average of wages must be mai maintained and mast 
operations requ: in filli fo keeping the | re 2 per Let cultivat ced that | je n be advanced, as we find it advancing in the manufactur- 
Bas EES piia sare T th Orms, $ g 3 | rl Ls ‘a patar pro oct oa to — _ nom fat of pisis and | ing maistricts. With high cultivation too nd ms numbers of the 
= ya ie ts, ransac Peen pE ica! d busi- | when 
agri i cd in gatherin i i p 
pics —— labourer that occu ies the t ender CORA | pects mna as P a space as possible. Twenty hectolitres | educated, and practically skilled. 
miseratio) gentlemen and ladies? of so | ofcorn from one hectare will give a good return, but from two| In our existing condition I hail all cirenmstances which raise 
teur a mg ri; is i s, because those wi ual la! a 
t pay price 
dla advantageous ‘to improve the land one |m machinery and processes, an he necessary improve- 
ent of, me whoin condition x e e popniation engaged in those 
re eso numero aiiin towns—far more than in | ppa on Sis pe RDSE 
Pa of disor derly or defective people, 2 | In respect to the amount of capital required, I have always | peice Our emigration, great as it was, has been checked too 
morally, m ate, x Lipa brig to ste: ney per- | considered that more economical methods of rece might | age 
pee exertion set good cadunt |. Manyed tiese ate ka — a — — tt ry meee the Tian aaan | Bathe wae re Partner Taqui pona be es tt 
i + arms wh , 
applicants for relief even in the m middle of summer if a, present adopted. Indeed in England steam power Is fre- | will I believ © lead to o tho conclusions that the future of agrical 
wet week deprives them of their “ hand to — ” sort quently applie ied where it is not economical, and it is found | ture will general tie: bp Gtenalie instead of extensive culi 
of eee: Dinos 2 Fy tie vih, e know, ooh tbs that ie ie is mogcontinn not pommel for the intermittent | Sad farms, as joo thar Poo machines, will have the wan pee pro- 
imes fam t, but are Lpo | 
d wh ti is | and machine: improved class 
TEDAN many srt whether ill or va ra A will not towns ram wher fa Or ee dee cheap and "hydraulic engines o ‘er ze br 
thrive ?—objects of charity with numerous fri ieee the Principleot ts of the Biskoah, rre aeneouing eh int cas ge * el e | social and general condi ini oF 
ould hi t t requi only ‘he Congress, ot: inka a 
ates ‘as cau el = or proe wn they k o aye’ PY ilee or intermittent a applications —as for f F pE: tthe bere a ae the eng: res Di shoul mens 
- ing waggous re! to their vernmeni examination shoul 
much already, There is poe ie Le giaa for an hour or two, oe “auring " nee g owed a 
but how tardily is it fh . If a large propr rietor Hydraulic en port p m pow 
buil coal and grea’ 
on: Lage pengie sed me TENES an val tations in those cities sic bie ep > where ermaparatively sma 
agon: n wer, as of one, two, or three horses is required. fewer 
farmers on his estate, a small bricklayer | or a ‘retire ired — —_ small power - poo Mint the po ofthe B Derea kont da THE POTATO BLIGHT IN IRELAND. 
201. 02, y E it cae as be as instantly stopped. For the proper management Tue following details of the Potato blight in my 
to cost e OF eK eac: of the steam in ased eis pa is required coe beta hare locality, where it has especially this season, 
sey Sn iy torn ony. ev vi samo O nnan in Farry 
A A afia Ae the Saat cares padi labour, and their | ..Professor or Moll has pointed out horse power as available forthe J put into drills of garden mould, manured with farm- 
canis y pay m distribution ri Pini arepa manures. He shows that a horse of a yard dung. sets of the Primrose variety of the Potato ; ; 
walk a long way to work becanse yt oe 8 medium size working a rotatory engine may raise 1.066 litres per the ero etl den out in the eoursé of Jule, ph 
landlords aro vata alinerening, toe. prmher 3f thonn] eee orm 3 per honr, or 88270 par dlem of ten bariy and) 5O SER tuber appeared. Eaziy in fy in, Moreh, note of 
might, at the rate oi A 
the landed pro- 73 pean or nearly two acres per diem. same sort were planted in a field bed of fresh lea w 
perty ina parish, therefore small capitalists are shut | ` Onr eminent mechanist, Mr. Joseph Whitworth, in his report te een broken during 20 years, with which the 
out of the market ; — a lot of almshouses, the onthe American EAEE of pra nea a pee rich ¢ a hedge ditch was a pia ta 
t extensive use i IC: term xed. i 
legacy of some repen r ki ndly disposed PA prune erg A its principle of a direct action of the power to fertilising substance was applied ; the aspect of this bed 
attracts a lot t of poor ae pumping or any other use; as being compact and easily removeable was due south, and a close hedge sheltered it on the 
rates |] arger, e par ish less in from place to place, and as being of a cheap construction, and to be north. The foliage of ihis y luxuriant, 
number than these might otherwise he (Rawal cases the aaa: ia: ae = at ae pa ase of between 2 pga 30%. ojeg a a 2 ee pir man D a bD 
for two hor: -$ 
should be afforded for the } iate thmt bs ipa! Ca E e ues At the Ex or the machine which Mr. | were dug at the the close of July were aye raped 
o, two ss best 5 mature 
estates, that houses oi ny arious calibre and of BSc xe: machine was ol on “account ‘he apparent gs far was thought te lst tho ‘anil off 
di d th Jdly the labour, is like walking as shown by endl sg the result was, that at the August one- 
isposition might be be uilt, and as soon as the worldly plan, and the posi would no doubt ha valid if the Ale rea Ed of heen was 
l labourer will enable him to (¢¢ the power instead of being intermittent were for whole days | Another head-ridge of lea at right angles to the 
4 wi ajha rich piace h th them = eg aan ok sappiy in pe gic x es, one of our amiss nent agricultural writers, | form in the same manner areta ao the 
and demand will, furnish. -them ae =| D ank, ood uts a ok Potato, but at a later period ; the fertility 
Allotments small or large Bi good for labourers ; the Tntead of ton aly faa ecke pii pn nd he shifts t tise peann 2, the soil and pianis, luxuriance 
Tripsin hia mabihon Ane coork, Aad ART wanda pea: inal garaian die, aod ines are’ AEO ra of the plants diminished gradually towards the lower 
to a path for promotion. f paras d $ D | yer the priate eer pipes very great, and where the extremity ol of this headland. Where the foliage was rank 
wal ant by ai orkin, vied nded jema, ormerly ee an position á of the cattle shed and the omen Pus coded Ea ES zoye the tubers were most promising, the greatest degree 
wel roperly attende in union work the manner in extensiv al S 
aAa das Ye here aos water gralia Se res ay and Sweden may be recom- of malady prevailed 3 where the Afi mi : 
s nded as the most ligible. sowing. 
it does overcome early initiation into vice and | | men ehani ipie vd be a serious diminution of the adva: ntages | ol of Barley in this fiëld had been completed, 8 er head 
imposture, pay there: : arp far mete numerous instant or of the application or the new amapas ad ipri to ae land opposite to the latter, of very poor soil, which had 
accompani wages to * 
a good situation hi and | areas, spent ch mia apes as = ems of petite culture. Bat fira been long waste, was cropped also and manured in the 
wherein it helps him t o be eeni and induces, him a to | | the experience in England I anticipate an opposite resul | same way. I little produce from this as the 
reach forth from pat perm to o independence ; it is @| ""T fave already referred to the standards of practica 1 agri- | season was far advanced, The plants grew, 
Deering to those who taste it, and if there be exceptions, | cultural production, which, apart ar the a or model aroraa we., health hy manner, though not luxuriantly by any 
they prove the rule that education is qualification for | ae have ae it pond Aca pews cos 08 tia Liga | oe eans, and preserved their verdure (assisted I think by 
a better position, it is bocigegaaze gtd ap ie bes | These market gardens are also to a s Eat extent practical the light application, of guano) until their late maturity > 
faculties, it is Ligue apk k elp to well | standards of highly skilled agricultural r. r London } 
cupations and habits of the young |this cultivatio eas gona ses an annual application Sfl My principal erop, of Primroses also, drilled in March 
when cast on fey aeons oe ea og re pogam of neari: oa Bway 2 i ls "nore “bes pE nijat paar Pel Seek Selly manured with a compost of lime and earth 
H 
requir: 
consideration, and we bg if you pom allude em | the rags sb from London—201. for labour, and 8l. or 107. | and artificial* guano, grew well but not luxuriantly 
J. W., Peterborough. Laake other rea Ai een Je and crowd o 
Pi aes a he ne 
sca E400. 
m is e: ed for 
MR. ET jame and 30002. for manure. One farm or garden of 8 hectares 
TION OP:ÁaRT-| DEY for fates y tne higher hortienltural pri » nm a old lea has been al 
RATIVE POST ~ carried away the jeu 
"CULTURE IN ENGLAND AND ON THE CONTINENT. E Mean araa Se a agp onan ag rie (and I am sure rightly so so) as the most favours 
uded from p. 780.) ed labour but inhighly disciplined, N „andhighly for Potatoes, yet I bave lately -per : 
It is to such pr A rarer that the serious oe fe omen Skilled and, as I — einne À oer sega sere Aap ON sensed. Ol n such soil, half the in this instance 
and report, not on casual visits o' y this 3 
pie Tolihhriot AAEE and reports, by competent and į pete labour is brought up nearly to the price of iabour in the ORS PTs Seppe — ee g i 
pon: te: on | found the common wages of one adult male, one aduit female, and oe I have had proof in my own case that 
rietors | pages, Aeons z | the potash obtained in ashes of burnt weeds Dmag Ewert 
make their own estimates. On ibe atagan : a public ani ieee | rte eg icts of Lancashire | Jess as. am antionptics- the earth teemed 
Which T had the honour to aris, availed myself of the oe | I found the average wages of father, mother, retina or ‘and rank stems and foliage gave the pai Promising 
ty oi he importance = DENER E a Y; indications ofa heavy erop where I had applied 
| ag” rs 
pecnli: eir agriculture, of showing m ap: | and pa: thooo om = 6d. per 
sible ti — pore the working Mi Nottid, Gracechurch 
met Wha from 10 10 to be what it is By oan i iar in E Be ag eek Stub gly paid ena Tiya ‘any al | street, L eater von ts ee rt I 0 chi ney Prete pin 
the ng to be the poy’ yiel — obta peo pads tase ho pei d and demand 0 2 skill | healthiness and productiveness of my Potato 
