A ee a id 
ETT en ac E E E u 
EEEN, نی‎ ih Adams a ما‎ il این این‎ Din u Dunn مت کی‎ 
FROM SAN FELIPE CANON TO HEAD OF CARRIZO CREEK. 39 
led over a collateral divide, 400 feet above San Felipe, and is brought upon the headwaters of 
another creek; it then follows this creek to the desert, continually descending, with the excep- 
tion of half a mile, where it crosses a hill to avoid a cañon of the creek. 
From Warner's to within 21 miles of the summit the grades are easy; but from here we 
have 14 mile at 215 feet per mile, and 1 mile at 280 feet per mile. Descending from the divide 
we have a grade of 333 feet for 14 mile, and of 140 feet for 4 miles more. Suppose we connect 
the point where the ascending grade of 280 feet commences, with that where the descending 
grade of 333 feet ends; we should have a tunnel 24 miles long, with a grade, descending to- 
wards San Felipe, of 100 feet to the mile; and toreach such a tunnel we have to overcome a 
grade of 215 feet per mile. 
Having arrived at San Felipe, a road might be made through the cañon above mentioned, 
with immense labor and expense. It would have to be built on the side-hill, and there would 
probably be required from 10 to 15 miles of road of the most expensive character to reach the 
valley at the lower end of the cañon ; for although this cañon is but little more than four miles 
long, the fall averages at least 400 feet to the mile. 
But if the canon be rejected, and the route at present pursued by the wagon-road be preferred, 
we must ascend from the valley of San Felipe, and cross the collateral divide between that 
valley and the headwaters of Carrizo creek. To do this we have a gentle ascent till near the 
divide, when a tunnel of 300 yards would be required to pass the steep pitch, where the ascent 
is at the rate of 940 feet and the descent 740 feet per mile. Having passed the divide, the 
wagon-road lies in the bed of the stream, dry during the greater part of the year. The descent 
6 0 
