XII CONTENTS. 
Sonora.—White limestone. —Gold.— Irregular surface of Vias —Abbey's ferry.—Cave.—Murphy's. —Teeth of Elephas 
and Mastodon—Mammoth trees. —Sequoia gigantea.— Cave city.— Limestone and cave.—Talcose slates and gold.—Moke- 
lumne hill.—Cosumnes river.—Sacramento.——Alluvi a iium 一 Clay slate.—Basalt. ERROR: — Yankee Jim’s.— 
Auriferous alluvia.—Forest hill.—Placer mine Crystalline gold.—Drift at Sarahville. hs il wood.—Michigan city.— 
Auriferous drift of quartz ی‎ and gravel.—Hydraulic method of mining.—Sluic Mer Dorado aqueduct.—Ser- 
pentine.—Cañon of the north fork.—Nevada and Grass valley.—Quartz veins and rn valley to Coloma.— 
Granite and slates.—Sutter’s mill.-—Slates and trap dikes at Irish creek.—Crystals of gold. —Georgetown.—Mamaluke 
hill.—Slates and auriferous drift. —Method of mining.—Washington Tunnel Company.—Rich vein of auriferous quart 
Deposits at Cement hill.—Bed of an ancient river.—Collecting the gold from a sluice.—Minerals.—Telluret of silver.—_ 
Serpentine.— Volcanoville.—Rick specimens.—Mormon island. lh dede : ی و2‎ observations on the geology of the 
"— region.—Talcose and clay slates. rapid rocks. —Belt of granite.—Belt of metamorphosed limestone, possibly 
carboniferous.—Horizontal strata, tertiary.—Overflows of basaltic m ums mountains.—Auriferous drift,—Coarse 
ift. —River drift. —Alluvial deposits.— Lacustrine deposits. 
CHAPTER XIX. 
Building materials.—Coal.—Lignite.— Bitumen. 
Distribution of building materials. —Granite.—At the mouth of Gila.— Bernardino Pass.—Warner’s Pass.—Cajon Pass.— 
Tejon Pass and ane de las Uvas —Tejon to Fort Miller rt Miller.—Fort Miller to Livermore’s Pass.—Granite at 
sco.— Quarries at Monterey and Punta de los سجن‎ eae island. —Sandstone of San Francisco and its 
vicinity. و‎ as a building material.— Sandstone of darem: Fort Ross, and Mokelumne hill.—Limestone.— 
Limestone in the vicinity of San Francisco.—At the Tejon and Cafiada de las Uvas.—Cajon and San Bernardino.— 
Bitumen.—Tar springs of Los Angeles.—Bituminous Ares diei of the bitumen.—Coal.—Absence of coal of carbon- 
iferous age.—Bellingham bay coal.—Extent of the beds and quality of the coal.—Section.—Synchronism of the strata 
with those of San Francisco.—Coal from Vancouver’s island.—Use of the coal on the steamer Active.—Cowlitz coal.— 
Lignite near San Francisco. 
: CHAPTER XX. 
Metals, ores, and minerals. 
. Ores of iron.—Magnetite at the Cañada de las Uvas and Williamson's Pass.—Limonite.—Copper and its ores.-—Copper 
pyrites.—Vein in the Great basin.— Vitreous copper.—Native copper and red oxide of Vos un of antimony.— 
Description of the vein and its association. ی‎ of the ores of antimony.—Furn: — Location of the vein.— 
Lead.—Sulphuret of mercury, cinnabar.— Description of the ore and mine.—Furnaces for ate mmm of the metal 
Gold.— Indications of gold along the route.— Quartz veins.— Placers near the San Francisquito rancho.—Auriferous vein 
osa.—Colorado river.—Gold at Port Orford. سنج‎ gold.—Platinum and. iridosmine.— Analysis. —Silver.— 
Telluret of silver, bessite.—Native arsenic.—Chromic iron.— Emerald nickel.—Ilmenite.—' Tourmaline.—Andalusite, or 
macle.—Feldspar. —Bronzite, or diallage.—Chrysotile. en — Carbonate of lime. = nta T magnesia, —Salt.— 
Carbonate of soda. 
