14 GEOLOGY. 
The outeropping layers of hard sandstone were visible in the hills on each side, the interme- 
diate portion (between the hills) having been removed by denudation. At the highest part of 
the outcrop of slates, a quartz vein, five feet thick, stands out above the general surface, and 
forms a wall-like mass of fragments. "These, being milk-white, contrast strongly with the black 
slate on each side. This quartz has preserved the surrounding slate from abrasion by currents 
of water, and thus it stands at the summit of a little eminence. 
Numerous continuous outcrops of quartz veins of great thickness could be seen on the slopes 
of the higher ridges, several miles distant. Even where the surrounding rocks were buried in 
8oil, the presence of the veins was shown by great loose blocks of the quartz lying in long lines 
on the surface. 
A quartz vein outcropping near “Burns” creek” was associated with a bed of compact 
hydrated peroxide of iron, the whole being nearly twenty-five feet thick. The quartz was much 
stained with iron, and the whole outcrop presented a dark chestnut-brown color, except where 
REMNANT OF A STRATUM OF SANDSTONE. 
covered with mosses and lichens, these being of the most brilliant and various colors. Large 
blocks of the iron ore, and slate permeated with it, were lying around the outcrop ; many of the 
