10 INTRODUCTORY 
Envelopes, . are sen Ss in two tee Beg outer of usually green 
leaves, the Calyx or Flow cup; and a er and more delicate por- 
tion, Be Corolla a; "ed the e Ssen, tial Organs ‘the parts necessar tot ba 
od gate are arranged on the receptacle in a Rela ascending order 
first, the calyx; then the corolla ; ee ~~ ve this, the stamens 
is composed are 
The corolla is of a more ‘licate texture than the calyx and of some 
other color than green ; its parts are called Petals. The broad expanded 
rtion of the petal Te to the blade of the leaf, is = nee and 
the narrowed base, c rresponding to the A irhisk is, when prese present, its Claw. 
36. Aastra tees ch are to be found n ext within the p ctl have 
also two parts; a rou at = “obel body. “8 case called Anther ; 
and the usually slender stalk which supports it, the deepal Althon gh 
the stamen is so unlike a leaf, the b regar 
representing in 
its anther, the blade of a leaf with its mare infolded t to form a hollow 
re and in its filament, the leaf-stalk. This would perhaps be difficult 
to com nd if there were not some ius: 
dation from green calyx leaves to perfect anthers. In half double roses 
can often see bodies oe are half peta: thers, showing 
that — are but modifications of the same fundan it al organ. 
and the filament gt Brana a when the ant ther is sessile, tee os 
hich is discha nari 
val 
is to fertilize the ovary. Anthers are us aeuslly 2-¢ 
or one-celled by the confluence or running eer of the cella or ty the 
abortion or disappearance of one of them 
If the anther rests directly upon the apex of the filament it is innate ; 
if the bode a of one = is applied to the filament, it is adnate ; 
when i ks towards the ee of the flower, it is introrse ; when look- 
ing hanna orse ; it is called versatile when hung to tg apex of 
filament in page way as to swing siete in any 
When the filament is prolonged between the anther-cells it is termed 
mae Aegeae 
number of stamens is expressed by monandrows, geetin trian- 
" iro tole Jeg a flower with 1—2 and 3 stamens, &c. ‘ous for 
stamens : words obtained by putting the names ‘of the clase classes of 
Tikieia. aveeriy ee a ae, &c., founded on the number of stamens, 
— into the adjective 
(37. THe Pas or ghee occupy the centre of the flower ; they are 
the parts which produce The pistil has Gee pettns ny tha nolan 
ortion below, the ovary ; a more or less prolonged stalk above this, the 
yl , which has a vari ariously shaped termination. ———— ae ae 
