Se 
THE STRUCTURE OF PLANTS. 13 
The terms upper and lower, as eg to the parts of the flower, refer 
to their position in relation to the main stem or axis. The petal or 
sepal of an axillary flower, which lies fet to the bract or farthest a 
we from the stem, is lower or anterior ; the one on the ey vee 
and nearest the stem is upper or superior ; and those placed right ras 
left of these are /ateral. 
45, ‘Tue Pisti in its simplest form, a single se is regarded as 
leaf with its margins folded pera so as to form a closed bag or hol- 
low portion, the ovary; its prolonged apex is the eye nae the upper 
end of this or some portion of “ margin, the sti As al te 
- 
leaves join, is the Ventral Suture ; and the portion oes to this cor- 
res phe to the midrib of the leaf, the Dorsal S The ne 
(31) ar ced e ventral suture where pinta ins of the 
cabheliers leaf are infolded and project more or less into the cavity, 
reco Ried is called the Placenta, to which the ovale are attac 
wo or more ca’ , a Compound Pistil is formed ; 
this will have as many cells or cavities as the: simple pistils or 
carpels combined ; the placenta will be in the centre and the pa or 
hich separate the cells, being formed by the union of the 
contiguous sides of two Is, will be double in nature, 
this may not be manifest (Fig. 33 represents a compound pistil of 3 
carpels, cut across). Sometimes a compound pis' istil is but hrggeene 
either from the early disappearance of the partitions, Ww 
left free in the centre of the ovary; or the pe may be 
a8. Not only does the ovule oindegs and undergo a pet change, in 
ming the seed, but the ovary also enlarges and is variously trans- 
formed and becomes the frui it. ‘The Fruit is the ri oe: ace 
Pericarp es bales ,) its contents and ens tie F 
Tne In the Chee’ 14 : 
~ cle ant i ea shi is 
