8&6 WEEDS AND USEFUL PLANTS. 
e drupe te 2-4 separate, cartilaginous seed-like peri ; 
which are ved on the back, as is the contained seed. Shrubs 0 
small trees with "heeach pinnatly-veined leaves and axillary clusters of 
greenish . Samed or dioecious flowers. 
1. R. catHar’ricvs, L. ree t ; branches thorny at the summit ; leaves 
ovate, saicately serrate ; flowers with the parts in fours; frui t near rly 
spherical, 4-seeded. 
Catnartic Ruaunus. Buckthorn. 
Shrub or low tree with greyish bark. mchlets ending in sharp points, being stiff 
feafy thorns. Leaves 1-2 inches long, writ » shore abrupt acumination, smooth above, 
often somewhat hairy on the 7-9 minent veins beneath. Fertile rs gee abortive 
Stamens. rile flmeers with on abortive ovary. at Sindh: nauseous and c 
Cultivated and spontaneous. . May. Fr. October. 
Obs, This shrub is a native of Europe and has become quite natural- 
ized in some places. The berries are a violent cathartic and were ~ 
m Bef 
color known as sap-green. ‘The chief use of the plant is to form hedges, 
a Pa se =a which it ie well suited, being quite hardy and bearing 
re pruning : moreover it puts out its foliage early in the season << 
ietainp it until late. It is propagated by sowing the s h 
the tree in the fall ; - planted in this way they vegetate in the following | 
spring. 
Case as Sanwa SEES NN ete 
Orper XXI, CELASTRA’CEA. (Srarr-rree Famy.) 
Shrubs, rarely trees, with alternate or opposite simple leaves, minute seen | — 
ud. mens 
as many ¢ as the petals and alternate with the em, inserted under a flat disk that lines the 
joer me ue Soe ig Ovary 2-5-celled, with one or few (erect 07 PB scrmeg ets, By ovules in 
-5-celled, free from the calyx. Seeds arilled ; embryo large in a fleshy 
i OEbAS: BENS, es SPARE REN 
1 
t writers. = 4 
= ee Sepals 5, Pree ss base. Petals and stamens 5, 
inserted on the margin of the cu em a disk. pres a globose 3-celled, 
3-valved capsule, opening loculicidally. ? erect, 
—— in a scarlet aril. Leaves alternate ; pe ee small and 
greenish. 
1. C. sean’d L. Stem woody, twining, unarmed ; leaves ovate- 
oblong, inet total. pointed. z 
CiimBine eae a rege Bitter-sweet. 
scarlet aril, ees 
Common in thick Peel pera 8 FL. June, Fr. Oct, oe ee 
