226 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. (Mano 1, уе, 
d other |inclined to bestow u аи 0. 
brings all , Wesleyan, Baptist, Independent, an pon me, I cannot bat DOTT | 
tions. We have Educational, Agricultural, | nervous thing for a humble indi feel i, 
per узар barren sand, er ^i but го eir o of i| emen осш; апа Poultry yv and | be thus called upon to occupy mee m шуш 
Exhibitio: and the further we advance the more now stand. It has been m ot, at пу 
the pe "laboratory к y гере by the vas on dope б oes laloré us a the bro y roa ad to p now- dis tant rper gh "d Y: ge me times mig 
as to vegetation in which they were before ledge. Why! no abuses -countrymen on subjects connected wi 
the. dps. s P adar applied, yield Bow 40 Stand before А tbis. So now we have ME fair | common interests—the azricultur, n 
of Grass per acre, The portion next the shore | nd above board.  Churchmen and Dissenters and |land; but I have no ot anticipated being c. 
has indeed a thin skin of black soil, the result, we politicians of am хе elisecfolly unite in promoting |a address a meeting so o distinguished for rank, so ims 
О, patty of mineral and partly “ане is and the best interests of the parish ex ru г nd s ы mportant in characte үү. | 
, during its 40 rs or more of sewage | and neighbourho od. ich I now have e honour to survey ar 
sone, bui this арра to be little more than I often look back upon my own doings and partici- | The toast which has been unhappily committal a 
colou of the inal sand; and dig 2 pation in promoting these improvements. I have hands, i is that of the labouring class » 
3 fhobor down, and x come upon that, of the endeavoured to take my share therein. I we 1 feel i 
erp r 
, it does, so 
rom "hs uid to top up "i 4 was sent to a large — School, where | influence on the general well-being of society 
manure. The sewage is used over and over again the master was privilez zed to ta “few boarders moral ^ ich we live, 
А а f itc e had 46 or 47, besides. 200 charity boys); I con- | have satisfied myself with making these rem 
anr 
g ha 
contains, Excepting by its mere mechanical offices | on I was 12 and а half years old—not 17 as is n to my care, had not me toast been commit 
СУ Чол еды the "d uM very Poder indeed to the case. Му — -— stack I built wn following with a r equest, that a а I am considered ы 
o resu ffords a standing | t, and until as 24 took my regu with the circumstances of # 
ground for the erop, and it pres a sufficiently workman on the 55 which I still occupy, ` "where I|ing classes than some other gentlemen, 4 pe 
open texture for the trausmission o the li , and where it with a few remarks, which I shonl] gj 
and this liquid feeds the crop. Where it is а good | before bres e e E consulted my own feelin 
КЕ" nd also free in n its texture, with suflsentl | At бөр А of 18 а neighbour permitted me to read | present hose n life pma | 
apid slope of surface, the cro best “ Evans’ and Ruffy's Farmers’ Journal." | to oin de "fheir daily bread, e by goi 
e, uable rather dere ае ф "аи than |I i clever farmers аз we | management and good conduct the mid 
: od e fr were, we did not know everythi ng. We could grow to increase their comfort and repa, аш 
our Oats, Wheat, and fallow crops о ту. greatly alter their condition or improve thei ке 
Who could beat th at? We could make our Long- stances by their individual бет, The em 
which they end for the support етага 
aspe E^ [^ diris Ns 8 i Um flatter many could not do that, could not make them fat. | and their they, depend for me bi. pub 
surfaces, neither of which permit e rapid flow over үре brought ns use the *two-haled" plough, and | they can exercise no СШ. We must then look t 
and through the soil, that are perdes And the | threw out the one-haled Dutch iua: was not that | others than the peasantry themselves for апу materil 
best la Mol of all, worth 5l. acre without а fea t? In ов we knew how to farm; if we did not. improvement in their condition. The tenant fames 
sewage, to which Mr. MILLER, E poscis dla ho did? I read of the introduction of bones аза ue the parties generally by whom the "m 
conducted the stuff by steam pow а | manure—how ridiculous ! І read of the Sufolk drill ployed ght be done by ee 
failure, and чен ta en at length pee as js What! put the Wheat in al in rows—how foolish! tion and kindliness. But then, again, the mem 
sewage Mag rim | It ought to be scattered equally over the land. Give | which the farmer employs and the spirit with whieh he 
The b a hd E vious facts to be read at|me the *seed-hopper;" I can bea t all your drills. I| cultivates, depend greatly on the terms on which be 
Craigentinuy and elsewhere are that for kels o 
pe of the threshing very com- holds and e Wurde tiene which he receives from 
plicated and inesplicable Then I read of S 1 thus s the пасее Бес оѓ түген 
ld fitabl : h блр Turnips; hardy enough to stand any winter t 
yie a pronta E result—that it is rather f likely—wish АЦ tak. I kept reading on, i. „of munication is established bet 
8 мое the plant than by e законын! 9 he | down eh: sheep- eren Д Woburn gatherings, South- tiller of the soil. It was admi tted * "aL ет 
soil must ex ect to succeed—tha down sheep, new Leicesters, improved Short-horns, | the duty of the landlord to supply suitable d 
» аше в sewage must therefore be used over et Prud white-faced Herefords, "Suffolk Baachen Clydesdale | for the labourers on his estates, and it is his 
ега "that inz, bond d > Ды. dem n. horses Le and then, again, of Bakewell, Ellman, Young, | we st as his interest to let his land to suc c tmi id 
than that of ordinary w and men of that day; till I began to think I knew | оп such terms as are likely to ensure its good ам 
кейын from surface шы, "will erhalt: the we little about it all, 'and if they were right we after liberal treatment; and just in proportion as a libenl 
profits of the undertaking. и ew Желеу дь рош сих imo business, and had | system of cultiv: ation Коб will the welfare of the 
dire у зо 
aire »: earn ; | iuter rs be. 
, mu 5 ме ve have- been Me ver since, and wonderful .No -— can Ачы Te through ВЕ uM 
TURA ТЕЕ" in the sci ч of this 1 with much o 
AGRICUL Li, EDUCATION. e have seen, but I verily believe that at 60 уе having dis а p* the condition f pons. ^ 
Iw answer to s of the many questions upon | lieto some sexagenarian will look back, as I am doing, | is generally a sure index of t te of eulivadionis | 
cation, which are now discussed, I and eds much pity will deplore the i ignorance of|any district. If they be md. el "wil 
will give you some hei of QA SA remembrance of our | these p t tim: mes. It savou rs highly o of the pedant clothed, and of cheerful aspect, then i 
hial matters in ves фо ^ aes 
tlis a large agrisultural pa parish, and 50 years Since in our time nearly to the topmost stave in the ladder see with comfortless and Шао | 
contained above 3000 inhabitants—now nearly 5000. | of perfection. Why, the scientific department зы бошо ill-clothed and their children 
пе advance 1 ill.educated and squ appearance, 
qme pable ot intelligently | nowhere to perfection, So far as regards field cult 9 surely shall we du that district illculti à 
managing business, and as a ve of course | no ono can set bounds to the beneficia cial application of iltiporeds во certainly and so sympathe 
it was Bros upon the hands о T the curate, and some | scientific aids, and if here and there a mind strikes out they act and react the one upon the other, 
two or three influential farmers, The farmers soon | from the ена ruck, and achieves success, it is but| of the land in England, I regret to 8m 
had everything their own way. The Charitable Trusts | one instance. We want an educated body of farmers, | still held by tenants-at-will—or, on annual tenur- 
were also in pm eir riv pacing the lands were let to their | educated rd the best sense, educated far in general | and c n I believe is more calculated übt 
dependants, realising some 3007. per year. Now (and | knowledge, educated highl ш the mysteries of|this м "e check проп extensive and spirital 
all of it is land) ita rental is near 8002, Church-rates | nature, educated in that precise knowledge necessary | improvem 
would include mole catching, sparrow catching, and {о enable them to extract the ndn profitable produce| Two things are indispensable to the good alii 
Là like e& ceteras, and the accounts would run ОП {гош the soil, educated fully into the geological, | of the soil. The опе is, eria 
i enr years without passing. Тһе “charity | chemical, and practical requirements of soils, and the | of the occupier, and the other, the knowledge t 
schools " master kept mia accounts, such as they were ; | true management thereof, and their crops. At present Nc = apply that capital to profitable - 
made out the rate-boo! was "the factotum " as | much of it is conjecture, We renes а known practice | beneficial us But the uncertainty of annual ter 
vestry clerk, чад ot t the farmers could not writo somewhere. It fails with us S Beeause of our маё е consequent absence of go ood cultivation, dep" 
their own names, or at most imperfectly. The state lapted either for the soil, the occupier of tho means of obtaining оц 
ucal was - "ow ws possible. He was а goo e ОЁ —- снаа 4 it leaves 
scholar who n write a good hand and cast kd We want o ung стона to be educated іп alllin а state of oaiae brin sterility, and the 
common accounts, beyond which it was superfluous matters relativo в to € true business management of . vitate of stationary ignorance. g 1 х а 
farm stock. reeding habits, management, food, | in favour of this system that such a g Y 
following Ње ploughs sj To send send a son to a vp ropensities or iariti A ds and tenants, that CIE 
м а Ebens pr pe poculi arities, diseases, .Their Breeding : ree between бун pan ЛЯ 
domn upon. the jo father’s head all manner of sad appliances for their rest and comfort; Meu so engendered makes up for the want of moet 
petty зана н Fori ad and ai une ment: attention,ifeeding, clea pe lairage ; Food: security; and I am willing to admit, m part of B! 
КЕТ ч as daughters, poor things!| immense subject, ombracin ng natural and artificial extent, the existence of kindness on Ld 
wi lo they want to know?"—a little reading | Girasses, fais: bulbs, ie ers, all - tribes of la ndlord and of gratitude on that o of the e teard aidi 
is plenty up the: T is in my | Turnips and Cabbages, K the varieties of corn-cake танар É 
Dei itg cerent: ж. E and cattle foods, how to m ake them, Žr how most reciprocal ligation and atti Lama ‚сар of 90 : 
— y: i 
oung “ladies” оѓ freedom, con nfinement, warmth, air, &c.; Diseases : Metern ; but is that feeling of I, than i 
“у ed ъл de study of itself. There is no fear of our poris and more genuine in the case of tenan 
апа. j them, and then h bein = highly taught. Just look at that of the more independent and 
Aene anch looked си аз а prodigy. The general what = have passed Ad : mp de ы ч 60 years. The improving tenants, who hold upon 16880 
ene pe SN n imer lgnoranee and much | world is almost in M MEAE ide d own. Oarnext|grudge the improvements they make, 
Cure tla tb ан ty jealousy and strife. | race must keep it righted. О. Xx they have time on han reap the 
ita unhappin клерк dur in gs eie Hen that they havı — кетте d 
e will 
ne valuable, and was sought after by all THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURE Bad ie another letting. 1 
ò e, taking them in the following admirable on this subject was Eoi time to particularise, of farms which 
re intelligent and better Me 6 | y of ишш at зе first meeting of the | from father n by renew: wed leases 
b ree chairman. H.R.H, the late Dulce of Cambridge dre menie years, which have advanced sme 
many means by We republish it as à capital ill on of the co-relations of | rental of. 200. ded en 
Societies of all kinds, | classes and of education upon all ten hundred, without outlay bY 
: or 
regen. news-rooms, night.| MR. GREY, of m und ^ 
=: ч: tis very kind cnet мок, std. Notwithstanding are | шоу yoariy tenancy would тен 
