784 
THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 
ре bas Z n ty in En gland in which more had 
ited time to КелеЫ the dwellings 
a = Бове class than in which he 
was proud to o belong. иа 
tion. 
Edinburgh and Dalkeith 
САтетвт 19, 186g, 
of Scotland. In 1863 and 1864, the amount of | have put up machinery, which as been rr me 
ped uanoes, and other manures and feeding stuffs — n sil, p^ ау qs, 
which d in the three — was 190.0007. for | men, manure dealer d tiet Баур еп, 
12 months : our | lings with o the t i AA erm gms of all dad have hag 
smaller scale. . During tl 1 of ery distressing kind ce utn 
75,0007. worth of all kinds of grain from the cete incurre "The third point to which T ha Ne beeg 
round Edinburgh. prineipal markets from which | is jy the Meng of all. allude to dee Temi 
we make these purchases are stock markets. Тһе stock | which а. хн на ре the letting к= Inf, 
is put down in the market, and generally delivered | appears dis A n land, р 
that day; though to a drei ad мисе. іп East L othian, cases led ч persons being accepted as Maim 
llo 
and there was scarcely known an temp on the part 
of farmers to дери from tim боту red practices of 
forme But thoy had bei awoko from their 
ce. uu a Pu made; and 
they now saw "РГАН is t ot farming a 
wonderfal change. The implements Vh they now 
13 fach: 
fathers; and there was no county i in England where a 
corn crops was got by machinery instead o f by hand 
than i in Northumberland, That had all been ч in a 
da; o b 
t possess me et 
the bulk e he the following g da ay, o ree v— cy of it has арр тей {о eA 
days afterwards. The mass of what we "es ui is у med|landlords or their а agents from t E 
to be in bu "m It кгр, on at the station "eni е foresight, which it bes É hes 
fender bl the day he sells it, it is үш his ри аб | in such important аш now М 
home. In imer we pay the e parties wit Whois many laudlords and a, who act as са ci 
dicen stockis at the mila station, prudently аз Ae ey wo t the law did not - 
а it is ther 2 eed 
against a "ser 
railway receip that da ay; if 
it is at the ambae Samdi, the v vilae ! is entered in 
as I have said; and I ha 
numerous Leiter where the effect has as bom bo 7 
few years; and he was infbrmed a few ya to the acceptance of tenants who never ought юм» 
tenant of his own that the cost of harvesting hs crops | the market books as sold, equally as if it were in the | been put in such a position. Where I have lad s 
now-a-days by machinery was less by one-half. That | market. t Ha ee on they enter the quantity ФОТОНУ of aber lists of Mesh 
was all improvement. in the same manner ће | given in „Љу the armers, and report t the sale as if it have observed that the of least means үп 
jnerease of stock and the improved modes of managi arrang most reckless in their o Those vi Кы 
it—the improved 1nodes of caltivating, were all testify- | and when it is to be delivered ; but the whole i is | оп insufficient capital, or on borrowed capital, were 
ing to the progress which had been m ade. No doubt en егей · as во old, nel гй! 
mprovements tbey had done; but they һай proved 
h of it was 
orthumber- 
was higher than former period and it 
o fa 
The 
at Dalkeith. doo three yea " таты е Шай в 
difficulty as to payment before айыў "of the bulk, 
the merchants M pen m to pay till the s ape was — 
forward. , Som ask u to pay at once, „but most 
at the landlord 
Mies ios a man as tenant, and n aving of cons 
an oppor iif that nobody "ве had of i inquiring 
into his means, gives hin facilities for ol 
credit which he would not ot 
£i 
apparently tended rather to rise „than t y 
19 DES 
g weel Under the law of NIE Ihave been called 
injury is o 
ш arouud who are naturally led to per with the 
terms of credit e three months 
of pressure and M enny iral toa 
„апі who һа ave not the в same opportunities d 
Qi for 
| guano, and four months or other manures. We e profes 
lord must ate 988 B. of t 
had been 
pet proportion of the county. If! 
SLICE 1 
tjt ҮЙ nm 
g IF we мак 
year was a very disappointing. one, ык owing to 
the severe t the critical season, | 
and thus the c had n up to what was 
expected ; and while the lime ges of Englaud I 
o yi lon vides did be 
коой, І have 
d dis to us,and with a saving ta those now buying on 
an unusuall y bountiful harvest, in Northu й б redit terms, to the o t of ег cent. Sup-|o 
the con he farmers had in gen рая less than thoy posing the ЧЫЙ of hypothec were abolished, and the 
calculated upon. That fact had been eavy eap. uncertainty as to the tenan nt's position removed, have 
the farmers of Northumberland ; but it bad been not the 
in pet dena no дош b the E pres they Tad 
8. 
least hesitation in AUS uem ec that the 
es be reduced t 
landlord should have a r 
it should be shorte ped d pen in i 
I ни Heg it enables the landlord ved 
prices that extent. 
arties ршн ыш 
KERA of t ri сот to which 
they would have to ook Геке in in the fut чыр 
де ‹ е not think, dt d looked to the Ез price of а 
mmodity. could look for any hi gh price for 
pad in Scene s 
hout the Pts and 
lower paria к the Lothians fetis 1855 to 1862, I 
- d that in one case the value of the ка manures, 
d feeding stuffs used, is piss thre Meses 
the 
саа” of the farm, Les E is 84 the 
cds 
or tenanta, an 
being given; ба. Ше в of m 
different, that I think tier ought to 
The 
Os. 3d. to Ae 
"d 
proving all over me жоба: the. facilities of transpo rting 
countries were 
E 
which w becoming 
a AAN aitt; „but 
corn were also increa: "n: Foreign 12. Ерг gri MAINS, IN BERWICKSHIRE Joh 
adopting iesi aide n those countries "n ard Wilson.—I farm 1140 imperial acres, arab 
been most behindhand зы the exception | also tenant of Rawhi, a anme ermoor riim farm, ^ot 
adopting | the railway. Thus those increased. facilities | аһоп t 4000 acres. My ren s 97001 Iam author of 
were ticle Agriculture, in thé “ Encyclopæ TUN ie 
foreign countri and our population were | nica," > which was also published separately. My term of 
enjoying the p e eg de of that bie food 
ich conduced so much to the general pro rosperity and 
Me was not likely we should return to ч old prices. Pith 
respect to the growth of wool, the improved welfare of 
population, their increasing inben, as well as the 
his rent, the landlord прш be pe 
preferable claim over what is on the farm. vol 
entirely abolish that part ot ч, which pond 
be followed in the bands of bon Ж? purchasers. 
think that is nothin ing. short of an о 
utrage, 
sample should be made equivalent to а 
| entry for all my farms is Whitsunday an 
fr 
bulk, S think any change in the la w shootin a 
of crop. My first rent sia epus farms is 
payable at Whitsunday, nths, and for g 
farm at Martinmas, 
, 80 far E ondlords tenants are i 
E A landlords 
the of payment for the low-country farms is "a very er cerned, is, tha iit 
increasing daily comforts of the poopie, ай а — one, though there are many variations, „Under a former - do what many of woor do at present—viz, to 2 
the demand for woollen clothes. he | lease p , by inquiry and by requiring posit 
thought that, respect to 1 the the lease now it is brought f suffi псу of means, to ascertain Fair 
growth of wool, they might look for a continued high | months, d that is г becoming a very common arrange- who Ee to become a tenant was really à init 
price for some come. And that appeared to Aud in etie ca ire. I believe p мш ii 
point out ху them the direction in which h their efforts m I ha med for arable lands 18 опе that very | by all who have inquired into the subject, that 
should mainly be made in endeavouring to meet the | fairly m pes the. aterea i both of ] Scotland and es gland nothing opera 
difficulties which surrounded them as farmers. As to It tisa foresent во far r as Bae uir lands are concerned, | against the progress of agriculture and the 
ielLibem ti nths at least befi of the wE as its being occupied b 
ust be done in combination with an increase in the е ripe. Ороп my low-cou tees P farms my annual pa y- insufficient means, Every improvemen 
ien of Моне and thoi ugh there were great| ments for cbasel manures, feeding sai and introduced has b in the directio 
difficulties to be ай untered—especially in certain 
districts o of the county—in i increasing the proportion of 
pu 
Olivir ice are pretty nearly 17, per acre 
P. сздн the coast, he did not consider the matter 
great difficulty. He looked to their deriving great | 
steam n plough, He knew that some of those who had 
alr eady 
with its коша que they believed that in a few years 
people wou! 
ugh, an 
raise a larger 
pem ear n was now done. Не also 
d | opinion 
fo: r the last 34 years, during which I have 
been a а mer, І wu had frequent s deed of |b 
witaeeslag its effec i 
ov , 
whole farms. These pae аге nee not so à igo have more ns than sufficed under a 
n Be ickshire as in some ы counties, because | ОЁ matters. cannot say that I have 0 
littl ato-gro in rp nty, and | deterioration in the class of men W 
io гане p е wholly consumed dy livo = I have | Those in my own county are quite as T 
s from Ње law of othec,| respectable a class of men as they T. 
because г n yon Mrs ed to credit itor of a Pete re are none of the ver 1l class 0 
n, that the 
law, 
to the whole sgrientoral i interest 
КОА both nd. 
lord and tenant. СЕ F pa of 
а 
е Г farmers, and they usu 
M 2 
ved three c classes 
Th e йге! 
of этай; is 
often. Ма ch, ENNI mi ight bo a 
ct byt the use of portable rails or tramways 
which in some parts of England was carried out to a 
great extent, and which did very much in РВ 
land from being injured in getting away the crops. 
where persons bave had to 
occurrence. E V Volo 
pay over again to the pe: 
lord for proda "me y boogbhs m paid for to the |а 
tenant. IthinkIc uld c fingers all the 
ses of 
reter 
urred, 
Farm 
зы. take advantage of the immense Ж о agric — 
taken before the Н; mmission at 
E pobili such extracts к % ом will indicate 
of Scottish agricnlture, and the enterprise 
fiis nis Ci 
and very 
g class of cases are those in "which tradesmen, 
who) s furnished commodities indispensable to the 
The lan idlo rd uM" been paid in fall ; 
test g of the farm, have virtually had their property | Eng 
ted, 
ve gone into the land, and 
and, | h 
farms in 
стона 
pays 4 ге ап H 
ther eisa е industrious or thriving 
n He lives in the vicinity 0f à town 
Many o! 
HE 
сар. 
mber 
hese tradesmen have either got 
nothin 
capital in many c8 ж. 
the farms in Berwick 
tenant had a farm 
more 
proportion of 
already. Ifa 
at all, or э. pen small equi joo for their 
Er efer фо cart-wrights and mill-wrighte, who 
rented, with just sufficient eal ton 
