of the Galapagos Tortoise. 



461 



Rings very irregular and imperfect. Some fine, spongy 

 appearance connected with the secondary bronchi in 

 anterior and niiddle part of lungs, but posteriorly, the 

 structure, instead of being cellular, seems to consist of a 

 very coarse, loose net-work made up of fine, white, ten- 

 dinous cords. No muscular fibres detected. 



There was a great quantity of Fat in the male tortoise, 

 filling up the space on each side in the upper shell just 

 above the junction with the lo\\ er. Tri the female this 

 had in a great measure been absorbed, and was very 

 much altered in appearance. 



Organs of Locomotion in the male tortoise. The 

 bone, compared by Cuvier to the os quadratum, termi- 

 nates in a transverse, articulating surface in the form of a 

 groove which receives a corresponding ridge in the low^er 

 jaw ; in the female, instead of a groove, the upper surface 

 has an arched, coticave form. Zygomatic arch quite 



narrow. Temporal fossa very large, giving origin to a , 

 muscle of proportionate size. Articulating surface of 

 occiput with atlas very prominent, much more so than in 

 the green turtle, allowing great fi^eedom of motion. Eight 

 cervical vertebrae ; most of them have a ball and socket 

 joint, the posterior extremity being convex ; the third is 

 convex at each extremity ; the longest are situated about 

 midway and measure four inches ; towards the union with 

 the back shell they become much shorter but in propor- 

 tion thicker, and the processes very prominent; the atlas 

 is scarcely an inch in length and neither are the spinous 

 processes united together nor are the sides to the body of 

 the bone. There seems to be no good reason, however, 

 why this bone should be excluded from the list of vertebrae 

 as Cuvier has done, though it is so little developed (Anat. 

 Comp. i, 172) ; the dentatus, also, is quite small, and 



1 



