DIRECTIONS FOR COLLECTING RECENT AND FOSSIL PLANTS. 



By F. H. Knowlton, 

 Assistant Curator of the Department of Botany, U. S. National Museum, 



A.— RECENT PLANTS. 



INTRODUCTION. 



In compiling this series of directions for collecting and preparing 

 plants for the herbarium, I have taken as a basis the admirable account 

 prepared by Prof. Lester F. Ward, and published as an appendix to 

 his "Guide to the Flora of Washington and Vicinity,"* having simply 

 extended the limits so as to include directions for collecting the lower 

 as well as the higher plants. I have therefore quoted freely from Pro- 

 fessor Ward's Bulletin, and have taken the directions for preparing 

 plants for the herbarium with but little change. I have also consulted 

 various published accounts and collector's manuals, such as Bailey's 

 Botanical Collector's Hand Book, the Herbarium Number of the Bo- 

 tanical Gazette (vol. xi, June, 1886), scattered notes in the various 

 botanical periodicals, etc., for which due acknowledgment is rendered 

 in each instance. Many of the suggestions are the result of an extensive 

 personal field experience. 



I wish further to acknowledge the assistance rendered by Messrs. 

 Waite, Holm, Holzinger, Burgess, and others, who have contributed 

 directions for collecting among the various lower groups of plants. 



I. List of Implements a^sd Appliances Required kor Collectixg : 



(1) Portfolio, botanical case. 



(2) Knife, trowel, caue, dredge, gloves. 



(3) Plant press, drying papers, thin papers, papers for dried plants. 



(4) Notebook. 



II. Directions for Collecting : 



(1) Phanerogamous and vascular Crj'ptogamous plants. 



(a) Ordinary flowering plants and vascular Cryptogams. 

 (6) Cactacete, fleshy plants, etc. 



* Bulletin of the U. S. National Museum, No. 22, Washington, 1881. 

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