[15] 



COLLECTING AND PRESERVING INSECTS RILEY. 



Fig. U. — The Plum Curculio. Conotrache' 

 h(s' nenuphar, a. larva; b, pupa; c, 

 beetle ; d, phim showing egg-puncture 

 and crescent. 



all the tarsi are o-joiuted; (2) Heteeomera, with the four ante- 

 rior 5-joiuted and the two posterior 4-jointed; (3) Pseudo-tetra- 

 MERA, with apparently only four joints 

 to all the tarsi, though, in reality, there 

 is a fifth penultimate joint, diminutive 

 and concealed; (4) Pseudo-trimera, 

 with apparently only three joints to all 

 the tarsi. This system, like most others, 

 is not perfect, as there are numerous spe- 

 cies not possessing" five joints to the tarsi 

 belonging to the first section; and for 

 practical purposes beetles may be very 

 well arranged according to habit. We 

 thTiS get, first, the Adephaga, or carniv- 

 orous species, including all those which 

 prey on other living insects, and to which, following Mr. Walsh, I have^ 

 for obvious reasons, applied the suggestive term 'Cannibal'; second, 



the Xecrophaga, comprising those 

 which feed on carrion, dung, fungi, 

 and decaying vegetation ; third, the 

 Phytophaga, embracing all those 

 feeding on living vegetation. This 

 arrangement is by no means perfect, 

 for there are beetles which are car- 

 nivorous in the larva and herbivor- 

 ous in the imago state ; while some of 

 the Kecrophaga are actually para- 

 sitic. Yet, it is not more artificial than others which have been proposed. 

 The carnivorous species, broadly speaking, are Pentamerous, the only 

 striking exception being the Coccinellidfe (Lady-birds), which are 

 Pseudo-trimerous. The carrion-feeders are also Pentamerous ; but veg- 



FiG. 12. — A Soldier - beetle, GhauUognathus 

 pennsylvanicits. a, larva; &-/i, parts of 

 larva enlarned ; i, beetle. 



Fig. 13. — The Bogus Potato-beetle, Doryphora juncta. a. 

 eggs ; h, larvse ; c, beetle ; riand c, parts of beetle enlarged. 



etable-feeders are found in all the tarsal divisions, though the Pseudo- 

 tetramera are the more essentially herbivorous, and consequently the 

 most injurious." 



