BULLETIN 39, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. [38] 



tlieu adheres to the brush, so that it can readily aud without injury be 

 transferred to the collecting bottle or box. The brush is indispensable 

 also for preparing small specimens for the cabinet. If taken into the 

 field the handle of the brush should be of a bright color, otherwise the 

 brush is often lost. 



The Fumigator. — This is not used by American collectors, but there 

 are several patterns sold by European dealers. It is intended to smoke 

 out specimens that hide in otherwise inaccessible places, e. g., cracks in 

 the ground, holes in hard wood, etc. The accompanying figure and the 



following description of a fumigator 

 are taken from Kiesenwetter. A 

 common smoking-pipe mouthpiece 

 (Fig. 59, a) with flexible rubber joint 

 (6) is attached to the cover (c) of a 

 very large smoking-i^ipe head (d). 

 To the mouth (e) of the latter a rub- 

 ber hose (/) is attached, which has a 

 convenient discharge at its end (g). 

 The pipe is then tilled with tobacco, 

 and the latter ignited by means of a 

 piece of burning tinder placed on top; 

 the cover is then screwed on, and the 

 smoke can be directed to any desired 

 point by blowing air through the 

 mouthpiece. The smoke from a com- 

 mon pipe or cigar is often useful. In 

 sifting in cold weather a puff of to- 

 bacco smoke gently Blown over the 

 debris on the collecting cloth wiU in- 

 duce many sx^ecimens to move, which 

 otherwise ''play possum" and could not be observed; and, further, 

 tobacco smoke blown into holes and cracks in timber by means of an 

 improvised funnel made of a piece of paper will be the means of secur- 

 ing many rare specimens. 



The Haversaek. — In order that the above-mentioned instruments 

 and the various bottles, vials, and boxes which are needed for the pres- 

 ervation of specimens may most conveniently and with the least impedi- 

 ment to the collector be carried along on excursions, a haversack is in- 

 dispensable. This is made either of leather or, still better, of some 

 waterproof cloth, and should contain various compartments of different 

 sizes; one for stowing away the nets, the sieve, and the larger instru- 

 ments, and several smaller ones for boxes and vials — the whole so ar- 

 ranged that each desired object can readily be taken out and that 

 nothing will drop out and get lost. The haversack is slung across the 

 shoulders by means of a leather strap, and a full field outfit need not be 

 very heavy nor seriously interfere with free bodily movements. 



Fig. 59.— Tlie Fumigator. (After Kiesenwetter). 



