DIRECTIONS FOR COLLECTrnG INFORMATION AND 

 SPECIMENS FOR PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY. 



By Ales Hrdlicka, 



Assistant Curator, Division of Physical Anthropology. 



These instructions, with introductory notes, are addressed to regular 

 and special collectors, and also to those who by their opportunities for 

 travel may help the science of physical anthropology. 



The notes have been restricted to what is of most importance. 

 Should further information be desired, it will be cheerfully furnished. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Physical, i. e. , anatomical, anthropology is one of the main branches 

 of the extensive science of mankind. It is that part of anthropology 

 in which are studied variations in the human body and all its parts, 

 and particularly the differences of such variations in the races, tribes, 

 families, and other well«-defined groups of humanity. Physical 

 anthropology accumulates facts concerning these variations in every 

 part of the earth, and seeks their causes and significance. On the 

 basis of such knowledge and with the help of other sciences it endeavors 

 to trace man's evolution, to show his biological history, as well as the 

 processes of differentiation actually going on in him, and to outline 

 the tendencies of his physical life for the future. 



Phj^sical anthropology was specialized from general anatomy mostly 

 during the second half of the nineteenth century; its beginnings, how- 

 ever, date much earlier. Its pioneers and promoters included all the 

 great naturalists and anatomists, as Blumenbach, Buffon, Camper, Dau- 

 benton, Hunter, Retzius; with its later workers were Allen, Broca, 

 Busk, Milne-Edwards, Flower, Morton, Quatrefages, Virchow, 

 Welcker; while among the many living men of science who 

 have rendered prominent services to or are now active in physical 

 anthropology are Anutshin, Beddoe, Boas, Dwight, Haddon, Hamy, 

 Kollman, Lombroso, Manouvrier, Martin, Matiegka, Myers, Pfitzner, 

 Pierson, Ranke, Retzius, Schmidt, Schwalbe, Sergi, Tarenetzki, Topin- 

 ard, Turner, Waldeyer, etc. It is evident that physical anthropology 

 deserves, has received, and is now receiving widespread scientific 

 attention of the highest order. 



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