THE MINERALS OP CHILE, 105 



Silica 37.60 



Alumina --•--___ 11.21 



Sulphur - 1.65 



Iron 0.08 



Magnesia ---.___ 0.36 



Soda -------- 9.66 



Lime -------- 24.10 



Carbonic acid - - - - - - 15.05 



99. n 



Althougli this analysis differs somewhat from the mineral procured from other localities^ 

 still the difference may he accounted for by the unavoidable impurities. 



Calcareous Spar. — This is found in all parts of Chile, and is one of the most common gangue 

 rocks of the silver ores. 



Dolomite. — This is also a common mineral in Chile, forming in many places beds of immense 

 thickness. 



Heavy Spar — Sulpliate of Baryta. — Exists in the silver veins forming ore of the gangue 

 rocks. 



Asbestos (green.) — A specimen was brought from the copper mines of Coc[uimbo, and another 

 from Tambillos. 



Tungstate of Lime. — This mineral is found in the copper mines of Llamaco, near to Chuapa, 

 and contains about three per cent, of oxide of copper in its constitution. 



Lignite. — This variety of coal has been found in some little abundance at Concepcion, and is 

 worked to some extent. These lignites ordinarily form but one seam that is thick enough to 

 repay exploration ; it is often accompanied by a second thin seam and one more irregular. It 

 is seldom that the seams are found more than 6 or 9 feet above the level of the sea, and most 

 always dip to the west beneath the ocean. It has been found on the shores of Concepcion, of 

 Valdivia, and on the shores of the island of Chiloe. The mines that have been worked are, one 

 near Penco, another near Lirquen, the mines of Talcahuana, of Las Tierras Coloradas, of Lota 

 and of Lotilla; the two last mines are considered those of most importance. 



M. Crosnier gives the analysis of several of these lignites, as follows— 



Lota. Lotilla. Penco. 



Coke -------- 52.3 42.7 39.9 



Volatile matter ----- 44.6 54.3 51.8 



Ash -------- - 3.1 3.0 8.3 



100.0 100.0 100.0 



The coke is light and porous ; it is sufficiently solid when well burnt. 



MINERAL WATERS. 



Five specimens of mineral waters were submitted to examination ; but as there was only about 

 one pint of each, the analysis cannot be considered as satisfactory as it is desirable that they 

 should be. 



No. 1. From the baths of Apoquindo, east of and about 500 feet above Santiago, in the first 

 range of the Andes. When the water was collected its temperature was 74°, the air being 57°. 



The specific gravity of it is 1.00226. 

 14* 



