BIRDS. 185 



This bird, though, smaller than the preceding, is, like it, remarkable on account of its 

 appearance and odd movements. It is an abundant species, and lives in waste lands, always 

 frequenting the ground. Both the species now mentioned have loud and very peculiar notes; 

 another of this group, related to the present species, has, from its voice, obtained the name of 

 "the barking bird." The name of the bird now before us as given above, and by which it 

 appears to be known in the districts it inhabits, Tapaculo, it would not perhaps befit us to 

 translate literally into English on the present occasion. It seems to have been derived, how- 

 ever, from its habit of carrying its tail erect, probably to the disadvantage, as the artists say, 

 of the posterior view. Lieutenant Gilliss says, however: "This bird may be heard on all the 

 hills of the interior in the central provinces uttering its tap-pa-ciil, tap-pa-cUl, which is most 

 probably the origin of its common name." 



LICHENOPS EEYTHEOPTEEUS, Gould. 



Liclienops erythropterus, G-ould, Yoy. Beagle, Birds, 1841, 52. 

 Lichenops perspicillafus, (Gray,) Gay, Fauna Chilena, Aves, 337. 

 Motacilla perspicillata, Gmelin, Syst. ISTat. I, 1788, 969. ? 

 VuLG. Colegial. 

 Figure. — Voy. Beagle, Birds, PL ix. 



A handsome little bird, freqi enting the ground, and usually met with in the vicinity of 

 streams of water and other dam p localities. 



This species has been regarded by late ornithologists as the female or young of Lichenops 

 perspicillatus, though it appears to us to present peculiar characters. All the specimens in the 

 collection of the Expedition are in the plumage described by Mr. Gould as above. 



T^NIOPTERA PYROPE, (Kittlitz.) 



Miiscicapa pyrope, Kittlitz, Mem. Acad. St. Peters. I, 1830, 191. 

 Tcenioptera pyrojDe, (Kittl.) Gay, Fauna Chilena, Aves, 335. 

 VuLG. Garnet-eyed Fly-catcher. Diucon. 

 Figure. — Mem. Acad. St. Peters. I, PL x. 



This plain but interesting Fly-catcher is abundant in Chile and other countries of the western 

 coast of South America. It is related, not remotely, to various species of the northern tyrant 

 fly-catchers. 



This bird is particularly remarkable on account of its bright red irides, from which has been 

 derived its specific name. 



PTYONURA MENTALIS, (Lafresnaye.) 



Muscisaxicola mentalis, Lapres. Guerin's Mag. 1837, 66. 

 Figure. — D'Oebigny, Voy. Am. Mer. Ois. PI. xli. Fig. 1. 



A little Fly-catcher much resembling in color and general characters the common pewee Fly- 

 catcher of North America, (Tyrannula fusca) , but, unlike it, lives habitually in the low bushes 

 and on the ground. It inhabits the most barren districts in the mountains, and at some seasons 

 ranges over the plains in small flocks. It is partial to the vicinity of streams of water and of 

 marshy places. 



24* 



