40 TWELFTH ANNUAL REPORT. 



itants of the wooded region north of the Northern Pacific railroad, make considerable- 

 maple sugar, their ordinary product in the region of lake Superior, according to Clarlc, 

 being from loO to 500 pounds for each lodge. 



A. .saccliai'iuiini, Wang., var. nigTum, Torr. iV: Gray. Black Sugar 

 Maple. 

 Houston county, Winclicll; upper Mississippi river, Garri^iDi, Mr. J. C. Arthur 

 reports this variety conimon at Waterville, Le Sueur county, and believes it to be the 

 prevailing form of the species at least through the south part of tlie state. 



A. (la.sycarpum, Ehrli. White or Silver Maple. River Maple. SoftMaple. 

 Common southward, extending north to the upper Mississippi and the White Earth 

 reservation, (i<trri.siiii. More frequently cultivated for shade than the next, each of 

 these species being often called soft maple. 



A. riibnini, L. Red Maple. Swamp Maple. Soft Maple. 



Conmion through the east part of the state ; extending west to Mud Portage on the 

 Dawson routefnorth of lake Superior), Macoxm,the White Earth reservation, Garrison, 

 and Redwood Falls, Pe»i?'(r?o)i,- abundant In Winona county, WiiichcU. This and the 

 two preceding species, especially the sugar maple, are valuable for furniture and cabi- 

 net work, and are fine shade and ornamental trees, for which purpose they are exten- 

 sively raised from the seed or transplanted from the woods. 



XEOUNDO, Mcench. Ash-leaved Maple. Box-Eldeu. 



N. aceroides, Mcench. Box-Elder. 



Common through the south half of the state, extending thus north to Kanabec, 

 Mille Lacs and Wadena counties ; less frequent farther north to the St. Louis river near 

 Fond du Lac, WinchcU, Kaministiquia river, Macoiui, and the upper Mississippi river, 

 Gnrri-iiin; also abundant throughout the Red river valley and northwestward, reaching 

 east to the lake of the Woods, Damson. "Destined to be the shade tree of all the prairie 

 cities'" of Manitoba (Macoini). Along the Minnesota river, it sometimes exceeds three 

 feet in dia.metev {TV incltell). Sugar and syrup are made from it at Big Stone lake. 



POLYGALACEJ]. Milkwort Family. 



POLiYGALiA, Tourn. I\IrLKAvoRT. Polygala. 



P. .sauguiiiea, L. Purple Milkwort. 



Frequent, or common, southward ; extending north to the upper Mississippi river, 

 Garrison, and Polk county, Upliam. 



P. cvuciata, L. Milkwort. 



Margins of swampy lake?, St. Croix river, Pari-ij ; Minneapolis (frequent), Rohcrts ; 

 Stearns county, Mrs. Blai-ichU. 



P. verticillata, L. Milkwort. 



Frequent, or common, in the south and west portions of the state ; extending north 

 to Minneapolis, Simmons, New Uhn.Juni, and the Red river valley, Upham. 



P. Senega, L. Seneca Snakeroot. 



Common, or frequent, throughout the state. Several tons of this medicinal root are 

 dug and sold yearly by the Chippewa Indians in the region of Mille Lacs, the Crow 

 Wing river and the White Earth reservation, the price which they receive for it, when 

 dried, being from 35 to 50 cents per pound. 



I*, polygama, Walt. Pink Polygala. 



Sandy soil, St. Croix river. Parry, lake Tep'm.aiitis Manning ; Saint Cloud, Garrison ; 

 Anoka county and Brainerd, Uj^ham ; lake of the Woods, Dawson. 



