4< [January, 



coloured, and especially if the advantage lies with the ganglia, as it 

 commonly does, and often to a marked degree, then these bodies stand 

 out clear and distinct. Hence, in our examination, attention must not 

 only be directed to their presence or otherwise, and to the nature of 

 their colouring, but still more to the relation of this colouring to 

 that of the head : in this way they become one of the most useful 

 characters we have for identifying these little creatures, 



CTo be continnedj. 



THE WINTER MOTH (CHEIMATOBIA JB RUM ATA), AND ITS 

 DESTRUCTION. 



BY GEORGE F. WIL80>f, P.R.S., &c. 



We finished banding the fruit trees at Oakwood, Wisley, on 23rd 

 October, perhaps a week or fortnight sooner would have been safer, 

 but we were busy ; the first moth was caught on October 30th ; on 

 November 3rd, 54 ; by the 16th we counted 220 females. On De- 

 cember 2nd there were 44 males and females on one tree, and on its 

 neighbours from 30 to 40 ; these trees are only about six inches in 

 diameter ; we have about 300 trees, but some of them^ are much less 

 than the above. Our mode of procedure is this : — a band four inches 

 deep of the Willesden Paper Co.'s 4-ply paper is first put round, then 

 the same depth of the Co.'s rot proof DD extra brown canvas, these 

 are then made secure to the trees by tarred twine, the canvas is then 

 well smeared over with "B best white" cart grease ; a second smearing 

 is desirable in about a fortnight after the first, especially if there has 

 been much rain, and another smearing about once a month till the end 

 of March. I should have said that the use of the paper is to prevent 

 the grease soaking through to the tree. In the evening the garden 

 now swarms with male winter moths. In 1888, our fruit trees, es- 

 pecially apple, had almost all their leaves eaten by caterpillars, and 

 the trees much injured thereby, this led us, in 1889, to adopt the 

 bands. I believe this season the moths are more abundant than we 

 have ever before had them ; one year we banded the trees at our two 

 gardens at Weybridge, but caught so few moths that the banding 

 has not been repeated. From some cause the Wisley garden seems 

 to be favourable to these moths, whether from the abundance and 

 description of wood (mainly oak), or for other reasons, I cannot say. 



Heatherbank, Weybridge Heath : 

 December Uh, 1893. 



