1S98.] 183 



themselves on the walls in its alleys. About this time I met with this butterfly in 

 the small town that is springing up around the Baptist's Fountain, its urban 

 partialities suggesting that its caterpillars had fed on the pellitory. 



Pyrameis cardui, L. — An almost cosmopolitan butterfly flying everywhere 

 during the summer. I found its caterpillars on the thistles, and the butterflies 

 appeared in June. 



Limenitis ? — A glade gliding butterfly visited a fig tree when the Cicadetta atra 

 was churring on the Echinops viscosus, and Cicada orni croaking on the olives grey 

 with the red-fruited Viscum cruciatum. 



SATYEIDiE]. 



Melanargia Titea, Klug, 14/5. — Plentiful as you left Jerusalem in May and 

 June, on the level rock-ridged waste to the right of the Jaffa road. 



Lasiommata Mara, L., 23/5 — 17/8. — Flew zigzag along the walls of the vine- 

 yards during the summer, and might have been mistaken for the English " Wall " 

 Butterfly, which, when the apical eye on the fore-wing has one pupil, it resembles 

 sometimes a variety {orientalis, Euhl.) that has the fulvous colour deeper, and 

 whose appearance is somewhat startling, was wafted over. 



Hipparchia fatua, Lederer, 6/7. — Was sometimes seen flying along the walls of 

 the vineyards. It is easily mistaken for the European statilinus. 



Sipparchia Thelephassa, Klug, 10/5, 23/5. — Flies and settles in the manner 

 of the European "Grayling" upon the rocks. During the summer it collected 

 in companies at the mouths of the caves and rock-hewn sepulchres that border the 

 valleys, and hid among the pellitory, maiden hair, and Podonosma syriacuni. 



Epinephile Hispulla, Esp. —The female of this butterfly has purple tints on 

 the under-side instead of the sandy ones of the English " Meadow Brown." These 

 match the shades of the limestone rocks on which it reposes and favour its 

 concealment. 



Epinephile Telmessia, H.-S., 21/7. — Despite the two eye-spots on the fore-wing, 

 this butterfly is not easily distinguished from the previous one as it flies over 

 the grass. 



Ypthima Asterope, Klug, 16, 21, 23/6. — This darts in zigzag about the walls 

 and suns on the ground in the shady corners of the vineyards. I previously had a 

 specimen of this butterfly sent me from Northern India, and also a large winged ant 

 {Dorylus), which came to the lights on the supper table at Jerusalem on the 6th of 

 the month ; both butterfly and ant reminding me that I was in Asia. 



LYCiENID^. 



Spindasis Acamas, Klug, 21/7. — For the sake of its associations I one day got 

 as far as Kolonieh on the Jaffa road, supposed to be Emmaus, where there is an old 

 wall with bevelled stones, and a tavern with a multilingual signboard. The dell in 

 which it was situated recalled a heathery nook in England, for the Thymhra spicata 

 that mimics the heather was coming into bloom at the roadside, and on it I saw this 

 butterfly resembling a hair streak. I afterwards startled another from the Poterium 

 spinosum and scrub on the hill side, but more I did not see. 



Chrysophanus Omphale, Klug, 8/5, 1/6-30/6, c? , 8—6—9, ? .— I noticed a 

 worn female upon a thistle head in May. A new generation commenced to emerge 



