1898.] 277 



some distance below the spot a ring of the same colour ; they then 

 gradually changed to purplish, and by August 31st those first deposited 

 had become dull lead colour, and hatched out next day (Sept. 1st). 



I took no further notes on the larvse until January 15th of this year, by which 

 time they were three-eighths to five-eighths of an inch long ; the autumn and 

 winter had been exceptionally mild, probably from which cause they had never 

 appeared to quite cease feeding, and the smaller form evidently represented an earlier 

 moult than the others. The larger larva, five-eighths of an inch (or even more) in 

 length, had a stumpy and uneven appearance when at rest, but when crawling were 

 moderately uniform in width, tapering a little anteriorly ; the head has rounded 

 lobes, and is a little narrower than the second segment ; the skin rather uneven, and 

 the warts being large and raised give it a still rougher appearance ; from each warty 

 prominence proceeds a short curved bristly hair. 



Ground colour smoky-brown, the space on the dorsal area between the subdorsal 

 lines being paler and more ochreous, or, in some specimens, having a slight purplish 

 tinge ; head brown, with five still darker large brown spots or marks. The dorsal 

 stripe is composed of a series of somewhat arrow-head shaped marks, through which 

 runs an interrupted pale line, palest and most conspicuous on the second segment ; 

 the two warty tubercles on the posterior part of each segment and nearest the dorsal 

 stripe are usually black, the outer tubercles paler ; from each of the outer tubercles 

 a short black streak extends anteriorly, but in a slightly downward direction, into 

 the subdorsal region, and forming broken subdorsal lines ; a paler waved stripe 

 extends along the spiracular region, having on its upper-side a fine smoky edging, in 

 which are situate the black and distinct spiracles. Ventral surface, legs and prolegs 

 dingy olive-brownish, with faint indications of an interrupted paler central stripe. 



The mild winter apparently did not suit the larvae, for they gradually died off, 

 and by June 5th I had only one left, and as it had evidently assumed its adult 

 markings, though probably not full grown, I described it as follows : — 



Length about three-quarters of an inch, and rather below the average bulk in 

 proportion J head small, the lobes rounded, and is the same width as the second 

 segment ; when at rest it is turned downwards, so that when the larva is viewed 

 from above the head cannot be seen ; body cylindrical above, flatter beneath, of 

 fairly uniform width, tapering only slightly posteriorly ; skin smooth, but the tuber- 

 cles prominent, and from each of them springs a single short hair. Ground colour 

 stone-grey ; head a rather darker shade of the same colour, and having on the face 

 five large very dark marks ; of these, two are on the bases of the lobes, two more 

 near the juncture where the lobes meet at the top of the head, and the fifth over 

 the mandibles ; the dorsal stripe is composed of a rather conspicuous series of 

 arrow-head shaped olive-brown marks, the tip of each arrow-head black, and the 

 marks pointing posteriorly ; these marks are not so well defined on the four anterior 

 segments, where they become more of an olive-brown stripe, having through its 

 centre a whitish line ; a double olive-brown line forms the subdorsal stripe, and there 

 is a single line of the same colour along the spiracular region ; the space between 

 the dorsal and subdorsal stripes contains a few streaks and dots of the olive-brown 

 colour, and the sides are still more variegated and marbled with the same ; the 

 tubercles are greyish-white, with minute central spot of the olive-brown colour ; 



