51 



[Vol. xxxvi. 



family Goniodidge, of Mallophaga, is found solely upon 

 Fowls, Tinamous, Pigeons, Opisthocomus , and Penguins, all 

 of which groups also agree in the absence of Philopteridse. 

 The first four are now usually admitted to be related, but 

 parasitic evidence would appear to demand the same affinity 

 for the Penguins. Parasites of the Palamedeidae link up 

 with those of Ducks, Geese, and Swans, thus confirming the 

 Anserine afiinities of this somewhat anomalous group. The 

 Parridse would appear to be Rails, not Limicolines ; and 

 the Apterygidse more nearly akin to the Rails than to any 

 other living birds. 



Fmally, an attempt is made to indicate a natural classi- 

 fication of the Tubinares by means of some of their parasites 

 belonging to the genus Lipeurus. The species of this genus 

 found upon Petrels fall into six well-marked groups — a bafeic 

 group A, from which the remaining five are derived ; the 

 latter being divisible into two subgroups, BCD and EF, 

 respectively. Listing the genera of Petrels according to the 

 groups of parasites which they possess, the following scheme 

 results : — 



A. 



B. 



E. 



Gariodia. 



Procellaria. 



Daption. 



Oceanites. 



Felagodroma. 



Pagodroma. 



Oceanodroma. 



Felecanoides. 



Thalassoeca. 





CD. 



EF. 





(Estrelata. 



Fulmarus. 





Pvffinus, 



Priocella. 





Priofinus. 







Majaqueus. 



F. 



Ossifraga. 





D. 



Diomedea. 





Prion. 



Thalassogeron 

 Phoebe tria. 



This classification, which is constructed witliout reference 

 to the Petrels themselves, agrees very well with that of 

 Forbes (' Challenger'' Reports, iv.), the only difference being 

 the removal of Felagodroma from the first to tlie second 

 division, the inclusion of the Fulmar group with the 



