SckeWs La?idscape-Gardening. 99 



and is provided with deep bays or inlets. The lake again, is 

 very similar to the pond : both are peaceful and still pieces of 

 water, and the difference of character consists in this : — a. The 

 lake requires a great extent, not so the pond: — b. The lake 

 requires at least on one side an open space and a free horizon ; 

 the pond more repose : it should be overhung by shrubs, and 

 its banks veiled in a dull shade: — c. The banks of the lake 

 should be scattered here and there with high detached trees, 

 with thick woods and low bushes, and should even be enlivened 

 by buildings. The pond requires a thick plantation, no view 

 from it, and no buildings ; its character is loneliness and a quiet 

 imaginative repose, and its true ornament is simplicity. 



2. It often happens that in forming lakes in a garden, the 

 necessary extent cannot be given them even with the very best 

 intention, and recourse is therefore had to deception, which can 

 be put in practice in the following manner: — 



In open places where the eye is lost in the distance, the banks 

 should be quite low and almost on a level with the water, so 

 that the eye passing over both surfaces, may not perceive a 

 distinct margin and line of separation, by which means the 

 limited size of the lake seems magnified and deceives the eye of 

 the spectator. No trees, shrubs, or buildings should find a 

 place there, because their size being well known might be the 

 means of discovering what is unknown by a comparison. An 

 oak 100 ft. high on the banks of a lake, would make it appear 

 very small ; but optics and perspective, with which the land- 

 scape-gardener should be well acquainted, show all the causes 

 and effects of these well-known appearances and delusions, a 

 few examples of which I here subjoin : — 



a. If the decorations of a theatre for children were made in 

 proportion to their size, as a theatre is for grown up persons, 

 the children would then appear like men and women; and if a 

 grown up man were to make his appearance among the deco- 

 rations diminished in proportion to the size of the children, he 

 would appear like a giant. 



b. A colossal high tower when placed near a small one, will 

 appear still more colossal, and the small one will appear still 

 smaller than it really is. 



c. Two men of the same size, the one standing by the side of 

 a stately palace, and the other by the side of the cottage of a 

 peasant, would appear of different magnitudes ; the first would 

 appear small, and the second large. 



d. Figures either painted or in plastic materials which de- 

 corate the interior or exterior facades of buildings, if represented 

 of a colossal size, make the architectural proportions appear on 

 a much smaller scale than they really are. The sun when 



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