162 Cultivation of a small and a large Garden. 



continued by every judicious cultivator : the perfect uniformity of 

 the materials (setting aside the loss of the most valuable parts) 

 renders them certain of coalescing, and becomes the surest means 

 of defeating the end in view. Soil for the first time raised to 

 the surface being so unfit for most purposes, turning it up to 

 the depth of 2 or 3 feet at once must be most injudicious ; 

 especially as the same end would be easier gained by only turn- 

 ing up a portion that might be ameliorated annually. Such por- 

 tion should suit the crop intended to follow, which would cause 

 it to vary considerably, and should never be of greater depth 

 than the roots can easily penetrate, as it is impossible the 

 plants should do well until this is accomplished. Much of 

 this precaution would be unnecessary, were the operation pro- 

 perly performed upon materials in a fit condition. The vast 

 importance of this altogether neglected point has often been ably 

 enforced by the editor of this Magazine, and the necessity for 

 having the materials in a state allowing of thorough incor- 

 poration clearly pointed out. Nevertheless, an operation upon 

 which everything depends is invariably left to be performed dur- 

 ing the most unfitting weather, the worst of which is generally 

 considered good enough to dig or to trench in. 

 Folkstone, Jan. 21. 1842. 



Art. VI. On the Difference between cultivating and managing a 

 small and a large Garden. By I. T. 



The difference holds equally good between the general manage- 

 ment and cultivation of a mansion and its surrounding park and 

 gardens, and the management of a cottage and its ground plot, 

 or a suburban house and its garden and field. The proprietor 

 of a mansion, park, and the other appendages which constitute a 

 country residence on a large scale, employs persons as managers, 

 whose business or profession it is to undertake such charges ; 

 he has his land steward, his farm bailiff, his head gardener, his 

 forester, and his gamekeeper. The proprietor of a small resi- 

 dence must unite the knowledge and the duties of all these per- 

 sons in himself, at least to the extent required for his grounds. 

 In the case of the large proprietor, if the head of any depart- 

 ment is found to be neglectful, or to be incompetent to his duty, 

 he can be replaced by another at the shortest notice, and the in- 

 convenience is but of momentary duration ; but in the case of; 

 small proprietor who manages every thing himself, he must re- 

 consider the subject in the practical application of which he has 

 failed, and either make himself more completely master of it, or 

 apply his knowledge with more care than he did before. The 





