OUR DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. 65 



taken by stockowners and agriculturists. In the mean 

 time, amono-st the best remedial measures we should 



3 o 



place all those which tend to support the system. 

 Keinove the animals to high and dry grounds ; give 

 bran mashes and other artificial food : house the 

 beasts if it be cold ; in severe cases give gruel of wheat- 

 flour^ and if there be excessive " scour " check 

 it by the ordinary sheep and calves' cordial. Give also 

 five or ten grains of squill powder with a teaspoonful of 

 ipecacuanha powder in the common niass, or in gruel, 

 twice or thrice daily ; and avoid all violent drugs, since 

 they only tend to lower the patient's strength. Treat- 

 ment of this description will restore many a beast that 

 would otherwise perish. 



. Four other species of strongle have been indicated as 

 infesting the calf and ox. These are, respectively, the 

 " swollen strongle/' which occurs in the small intestine 

 (Sir. ventricosus) ; the Ci inflated strongle," occupying the 

 large intestine (Sir. inflatus) ; the radiated strongle, found 

 in the gall ducts (Str. radiatus) ; and the giant strongle 

 (Str. gigas) whose right to be considered a true bovine 

 parasite is disputed by some helminthologists. 



Lastly, I may mention that there is yet another interest- 

 ing little entozoon, not strictly belonging to the helminths, 

 which alike infests the ox, the sheep, and herbivorous 

 quadrupeds generally. This is the " toothed pentastome," 

 or Pentastoma denticulatum, whose adult representative 

 resides in the dog. It will, therefore, more appropriately 

 engage our attention when we discuss the parasites proper 

 to that animal. 



Parasites op the Sheep. 

 For the most part, the ovine entozoa comprise the 



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