44 ABOKIGINAL MONUMENTS OF NEW YORK. 



settlers, but few are sufficiently well preserved to admit of exact survey and mea- 

 surement. 



" In 1798," says the venerable Judge Augustus Porter, of Niagara, in a letter to 

 O. H. Marshall, Esq., of Buffalo, " I surveyed the Indian Reservation of Kanawa- 

 geas. There were then in the open flats of the Reservation the embankments of 

 an old fort, which included very nearly two acres. It corresponded in situation and 

 appearance with many others which I have seen in this part of the country, and 

 which seem to bear a high antiquity." The Kanawageas Reservation embraced 

 the township of York in this county. 



Judge Porter also mentions that he knew of two other works on the " Smith and 

 Jones's Flat," near Mount Morris, (also in Livingston county,) all of which had the 

 same appearance. 



A work also occurs in the town of Avon, not far from the beautiful village of 

 Avon Springs, upon the flats of the Genesee River. It is described by W. H. C. 

 Hosmer, Esq., in the notes to his poem of " Yonondio." 



Another and very similar work once existed in the northeastern part of Avon 

 township, about two and a half miles from the village of Lima. Some portions of 

 the lines may yet be traced, but with difliiculty. 



PLATE VIII. No. 1. 



ANCIENT WORK, LIVONIA TOWNSHIP, LIVINGSTON COUNTY, NEW YORK. 



The work here represented occurs in the township of Livonia, three miles N. E. 

 of the village of that name. It is situated upon the summit of a commanding- 

 hill, and is the largest enclosure which fell under the notice of the author, within 

 the limits of the State. It has an area of not less than sixteen acres. Where the 

 lines of the entrenchment were crossed by fences, and consequently preserved 

 from the encroachments of the plough, the embankment and ditch are distinctly 

 visible. Elsewhere, however, the outlines can only be traced by a very gentle 

 undulation of the ground, and by the denser verdure on the course of the ancient 

 trench. With the assistance of Mr. Haddock, the proprietor of the estate, who 

 knew the work before it had been materially impaired, the original form was made 

 out with entire satisfaction. General Adams, who had often been over the grounds 

 before the removal of the forest, states that the ditch was breast deep, and the 

 embankment of corresponding height. Caches were formerly discovered here, and 

 fragments of pottery are now abundant. 



The enclosure had four gateways, one of which, at the northwestern extremity, 

 opened directly towards a copious spring of water, as shown in the plan. It was 

 thought by General Adams, from certain indications (which might have been 



