depths greater than 3,000 meters; stations 1, k, and 5 were made on the 

 ridges vith depths less than 2,600 meters. 



a. Temperature 



Surface temperatures for the five stations ranged from -O.kk* 

 to -1.58*0. Within the surface layer, temperature decreased to -1.50*0 

 at a depth of about 100 meters, except at station 3> vhere temperatures 

 increased slightly from -1.58° to -1.50«C at 100 meters. Below 100 meters, 

 temperature increased in the transition zone to a maximum of greater than 

 1.25 °C, indicating the upper level of the Antarctic Cireumpolar Water. On 

 station 3, the deepest station in the basin, temperatures exceeded 1.50"C 

 between 280 and 360 meters depth. Temperature maxima on stations k and 5 

 were less than 1.25 °C. From 500 to 600 meters to the bottom, temperatures 

 decreased gradually with depth through the Cireumpolar Water. Although 

 the bottom temperature on station 3 was less than 0"C, salinities around 

 3U.70 %> preclude presence of Antarctic Bottom Water. 



b. Salinity 



Surface salinities were less than 34.00 %,, reflecting Antarctic 

 summer conditions. Within the surface layer, values increased rapidly to 

 3U.5O %> in the upper 200 meters. Just below this, values of 34.70 %> were 

 observed, delineating Cireumpolar Water. Salinity maxima occurred between 

 600 and 1,200 meters depth. Below this, values decreased only 0.02 to 

 0.04 %o to the bottom, where about 34.71 %» was observed on all stations. 



c . Density 



Values at the surface ranged from a low of 26.78 at the 

 northernmost station to a high of 27. 34 at station 4 to the south. 

 Immediately below the surface, densities increased rapidly with the 

 27.75 isopycnal between 100 and 150 meters. Below this, densities 

 gradually increased to 27.86 near the bottom on station 1, and 27.88 

 and 27.89 at stations 2 through 5. A cell of water with a density of 

 27.87 and greater was observed at mid-depth on stations 4 and 5* coin- 

 ciding with the high salinity values obtained. 



d. Oxygen 



Prom a surface high of greater than 7.00 ml/l, oxygen content 

 decreased rapidly in the surface layer, reaching a minimum of less than 

 4.50 ml/l at approximately 500 meters. Prom this level to the bottom, 

 oxygen content increased only slightly with depth. 



2. McMurdo Sound (Figures 3 and 7) 



Fifteen oceanographic stations were occupied in and around McMurdo 

 Sound aboard EASTWUSD from 26 January through 13 February i960. Figure 3 



14 



