ABSTRACT 
Results of marine geophysical research during the U.S. Navy operations in 
support of DEEP FREEZE 61, 1960-1961, are presented. Observations in areas 
of the Pacific Antarctic, Antarctic Convergence, and South Atlantic were made 
from aboard four icebreakers: USS STATEN ISLAND (AGB-5), USS EDISTO 
(AGB-2), USS GLACIER (AGB-4), and USCGC EASTWIND (WAGB-279). Ships’ 
tracks to, in, and from the Antarctic are given. 
U. S. Navy Hydrographic Office personnel recorded 94 oceanographic stations 
aboard STATEN ISLAND and EDISTO. STATEN ISLAND occupied 31 stations in 
the eastern Ross Sea (Cape Colbeck area), 43 in the Amundsen-Bellingshausen 
Seas area, and 5just south of the Antarctic Convergence. Data from these stations 
included vertical distribution of observed temperatures, salinities, and dissolved 
oxygens. Profiles of the observed physical and chemical properties of the water 
in these areas are presented. EDISTO occupied 15 stations in the western Ross 
Sea along the Victoria Land Coast in support of an ice prediction program begun 
on DEEP FREEZE 60. Vertical temperatures and salinities were observed. Densi- 
ties, dynamic heights, and sound velocities were calculated by electronic com- 
puter for all stations. 
Water types in the Pacific-Antarctic are discussed. These are identified in 
the areas of the eastern Ross Sea, Amundsen Sea, and Bellingshausen Sea. A 
representative station was selected from each area and the physical and chemi- 
cal properties plotted for comparison. 
Dynamic topography charts are presented for the eastern Ross Sea and 
Amundsen Sea areas. The 200 and 2500 decibar levels were selected as refer- 
ence levels in the eastern Ross Sea and Amundsen Sea, respectively. 
A section just south of the Antarctic Convergence is included with a profile 
of physical and chemical properties constructed from five oceanographic stations 
occupied in this area. The vertical structure of the southernmost station in this 
profile and those in the Amundsen and Ross Seas shows the vast expanse of the 
Circumpolar Water. 
Concentrated bathymetric profiles were recorded in the eastern Ross Sea 
and three across the South Sandwich Trench with an AN/UQN-1B echo sounder. 
A discussion and profiles of the data collected across the South Sandwich Trench 
are included in this report. 
The program of geomagnetic measurements aboard STATEN ISLAND was 
the first extensive shipborne investigation of the earth’s magnetic field made in 
Antarctic waters by the United States. Approximately 11,500 track miles were 
recorded south of New Zealand. Total intensity data and comparison of magnetic 
and bathymetric data are presented in several profiles. 
Aerial ice reconnaissance and surface ice observations from ships are pre- 
sented. 
A summary and field analysis of 71 bottom sediment samples collected aboard 
STATEN ISLAND.are presented. All samples were transferred to Florida State 
University for laboratory analysis and publication of resulting data. 
