decrease in the surface water temperature of 1 to 3°C (2 to 6°F). At greater depths, 
sinking water mixes with adjacent water and eventually spreads to the north as the 
Antarctic Intermediate Water . 
Continuous surface temperature measurements and BT observations were made 
across the Antarctic Convergence. Five oceanographic stations were occupied along 
a northwest-southeast line in the vicinity of the Antarctic Convergence. The northern- 
most station, station 33, was located at 57°19'S, 152°27'W, just south of the Conver- 
gence, and the southernmost station, at 59°19'S, 147°33'W. A continuous tempera- 
ture trace was tabulated, and temperature values in the Convergence Zone are pre- 
sented in Table 2. Cross sections of temperature, salinity, sigma-t, and oxygen are 
shown in Figure 25. 
2. Continuous Surface Temperature Data 
Table 2 presents changes in temperature across the Convergence, as measured 
by a resistance bulb thermometer. A surface temperature of 7.8°C (46.0°F) was ob- 
served 22 January 1961 at 0900Z. At 1930Z, with the ship traveling approximately 
14 knots, temperature decreased to 4.4°C (39.9°F). At 2200Z and 57°19'S, 
152°27'W, the location of station 33, and south to station 36 (Fig. 25), temperature 
continued to decrease and then increased slightly between stations 36 and 37 from 
Wa FOR2OTC ES 
TABLE 2. SURFACE TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS 
Time Temperature 
(GMT) (°C) (°F) Position 
0900 728 46.0 
0935 Td 45.5 56°02'S, 155°47'W 
0950 6o7 44.1] 
1030 5.8 42.5 
1100 See) 42.1 
1930 4.4 39 9 
2200 SE// 38).7 57°19'S 1522272 W 
3. Oceanographic Station Section 
Temperature decreased rapidly from surface to a depth of 100 to 200 meters 
along the entire profile. Below this layer, temperature increased on the northern 
42 
