I. INTRODUCTION 



A. General 



During the austral summer of 1963 and 1964, oceanographic observa- 

 tions were carried out by U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office personnel 

 aboard U.S. Navy icebreakers in the Ross Sea. These cruises were part 

 of Operations DEEP FREEZE 63 and 64-, and mark the ninth and tenth con- 

 secutive years of participation in Antarctic marine research by this 

 Office. On these two particular oceanographic cruises, attention was 

 again focused on the distribution of the water masses present in the 

 Ross Sea and the identifying physical characteristics of each type. 



The scientific complement from this Office for the DEEP FREEZE 63 

 operation was as follows: 



Frank A. Anderson (Principal Investigator) 

 William A. Babis 

 Louis J. Francavillese 

 Robert A. Schaeffer 



Oceanographic stations were occupied from USS EDISTO (AGB-2) and 

 totaled 122, including 23 annual ice forecasting stations along the 

 Victoria Land coast and in McMurdo Sound (Fig. 1). 



On DEEP FREEZE 64 the scientific complement from this Office con- 

 sisted of: 



James Q. Tierney (Principal Investigator) 

 William A. Babis 

 Stephen W. Dorey 

 Robert S. Rushton 

 Richard M. Wargelin 



Oceanographic stations during this operation were occupied from 

 USS ATKA (AGB-3) and totaled 79, including the annual ice forecasting 

 stations along the Victoria Land coast and in McMurdo Sound (Fig. 2). 



Both programs were supported by the National Science Foundation 

 and the ships were assigned to Task Force 43. 



