below the surface of the vfater by an over-the-side pipe (GLACIER and 

 NORTH>/IND) or by trailing in the surface water (STATEN ISLAI'JD), 

 Other thermistors were installed at the main deck level, or lower, 

 in order to obtain a continuous air temperature record at low levels. 



On the GLACIER, air elements were located at welldeck level 

 (approximately 18 feet above the water surface), and also at a position 

 outboard of the ships' side and about five feet above the water surface,, 

 The sea element was moionted in a fixed pipe attached to the hull. The 

 NORTHWIND installation included a mounting unit holding the sea element 

 which permitted free swing fore and aft. The air element was mounted 

 on a wooden beam tinder the flight deck (15 feet above the water 

 surface). The STATEN ISLAND trailed its sea element just aft of the 

 starboard screw and the air element was installed on the wooden beam 

 of the overhead in the amidships' passageway (15 feet above the water 

 surface). All continuous temperature records are on file at the U, S, 

 Navy Hydrographic Office, 



In cooperation with the Office of Naval Research, the U, S, Fish 

 and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. National Museum of the Smithsonian 

 Institution, oceanographers participating on DEEP FREEZE II collected 

 biological material and observations whenever possible. The intention 

 was to provide a representative collection of surface, raidwater, and 

 benthonic marine forms found in the Antarctic area. The majority of 

 bottom specimens was secured from the shelf areas of the V/eddell Sea, 

 Ross Sea, and off the Wilkes Coast, 



Equipment used included a three-foot Blake trawl, a 14- inch 

 triangular dredge, an orange-peel bottom sampler, collapsible fish 

 traps, ring traps, and an experimental Alaskan shrimp trap. One- 

 half-meter plankton nets of various mesh sizes were employed in vertical 

 and horizontal hauls. Six- inch Birge closing nets of No, 5 and No. 12 

 mesh were also employed in vertical serial haxils. 



All biological material collected has been forvarded to the 

 Smithsonian Institution for sorting and storage. Distribution of 

 specimens to specialists and interested agencies will be coordinated 

 by that institution. Results of biological findings will be published 

 as a collective unit by the U. S. National Museum. Micro-organisms 

 present in frozen bottom sediment samples from the Weddell Sea area 

 will be reported on by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, 

 California. 



No formal program for hydrography or cartography was specified for 

 Operation DEEP FREEZE II other than that which could be accomplished 

 on a routine basis by the ships' personnel. Aboard icebreakers, the 

 oceanographer was often able to assist or advise in certain phases 

 of this limited program. Continuous oceanic soundings using echo 



