additional chemical and physical data on the western Bering Sea and Bering Strait, 

 and some data are given in a Japanese publication 8 concerned primarily with the 

 oceanography along the Asiatic Coast. 



During World War II, the U. S. Navy collected large numbers of bathythermo- 

 grams in the southern Bering Sea. These data provide detailed temperature structures 

 of the upper layers, 9 but no concurrent salinity data are available. 



Post-war investigations consist of bathythermograph sections and a few serial 

 stations obtained in 1946, 1948, 10 and 1950 11 from icebreakers on runs through the 

 Bering and Chukchi Seas to Point Barrow. These observations were made by personnel 

 of the U. S. Coast Guard, U. S. Hydrographic Office, University of Washington, and 

 Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The Fish and Wildlife Service obtained surface and 

 bottom temperature data in eastern Bering Sea in June and July 1949,' 2 the same year 

 as the cruise reported here. In the summer of 1947 complete oceanographic stations 

 were occupied through the Bering and Chukchi Seas to a latitude of 72°N by personnel 

 from the Navy Electronics Laboratory and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 

 aboard the USS NEREUS. 13 The majority of these data were taken in the central and 

 eastern Chukchi Sea and comprise the major work in this region north of Bering Strait 

 previous to the presently reported cruise. 



observations 



HMCS CEDARWOOD occupied 192 serial stations, the locations of which are 

 shown in figure 1. During the first part of the cruise, in the southern area, a bathy- 

 thermograph and a C-T-D (conductivity-temperature-depth) instrument were used at 

 each station and a Nansen-bottle cast was made at about every fifth station. The use 

 of the C-T-D, which recorded the three variables simultaneously as the element was 

 lowered into the water, was discontinued because too great inaccuracies in conductivity 

 were caused by the slow rate of flushing of the cell. Reversing thermometers were 

 removed from the water sampling bottles after station 44 for two reasons, (1) a delay 

 in time was required for the thermometers to reach equilibrium, and (2) because of 

 the magnitude of short-period fluctuations and the ranges encountered, an accuracy of 

 better than ±0.2°F (which could be obtained with a bathythermograph) was not 

 considered necessary. 



8 K. Hidaka Oceanographic Investigations in the West Pacific Ocean, Part I: The Northern Area 

 of the West Pacific Ocean, No. I. Investigations from the Standpoint of Marine Physics (Eastern Asia 

 Research Institute) 1952. 



9 J. G. Pattullo, el al. Sea Temperature in the Aleutian Island Area (Scripps Institution of 

 Oceanography, Oceanographic Report no. 24) April 1950. 



10 C. W. Thomas Physical and Zoological Investigations in Bering Sea and Portions of the Arctic 

 Ocean (Coast Guard) 1948 (CONFIDENTIAL). 



11 U. S. S. BURTON ISLAND (AGB-1) Beaufort Sea Oceanographic Expedition. Summer 7950 

 August 1950 (CONFIDENTIAL). 



12 J. G. Ellson, el al. Exploratory Fishing Expedition to the Northern Bering Sea in June and July, 

 1949 (Fish and Wildlife Service, Fishery Leaflet no. 369) March 1950. 



13 E. C. LaFond, ef al. Oceanographic Measurements from the USS NEREUS on a Cruise to the 

 Bering and Chukchi Seas, 1947; interim report (Navy Electronics Laboratory, Report 91) 25 February 1949. 



