E, Submarine Geology 



Dtiring the winter and spring cruises, the NORTHliTIND collected 33 

 bottom samples and the BURTON ISLAND collected 22 (Fig. 36) with the 

 Dietz-LaFond bottom sampler. The samples were stored In Mason jars to 

 prevent excessive loss of moisture snd shipped to the Hydrographic 

 Office laboratory for analysis. Results of the analysis are presented 

 in Tables 5 and 6. Classification of the sediments was based upon the 

 modified Trefethen bottom sediment classification triangle (Fig. 37). 



A microscopic examination of the sand-size fraction of the samples 

 showed the dominant mineral to be quartz grains of medium low sphericity 

 and subangular roundness, with either a polished, smooth, or dull-frosted 

 surface. BURTON ISLAND samples h, 5, and 7 consisted almost entirely of 

 diatom tests, while sample 6 and NORTHWIND sample 30 contained large per- 

 centages of diatom tests. Sorting coefficients, where determined, indi- 

 cated that all samoles were well sorted. 



F, Transparency 



Transparency measurements vere made at oceanographic stations during 

 daylight hours with a white Secchi disc 30 centimeters in diameter. 

 Figure 38 presents the results of 15 measurements obtained by the 

 NORTHWIND and 17 measurements by the BURTON ISLAND. Maximum values were 

 obseirved in the open waters south and southwest of the ice boundary. 

 Low values, obtained within the ice pack, possibly are due to the in- 

 creased amount of impurities deposited in the waters during icemelt, 



G, Oxygen 



Approximately 238 analyses for dissolved oxygen content were made 

 using the modified Winkler method. The samples were obtained at U8 

 oceanographic stations occupied by the NORTHWIND, Stations 22 and 2li 

 were omitted, and only a surface sample was analyzed for station 51. 

 Analyses for stations 1 throu^ 29 did not show any definite vertical 

 distribution. Values for stations 1 through 21 were low, ranging from 

 1.5 to 3,9 ml/1. The oxygen content was higher at station 23 and 

 stations 25 through 28 where values ranged from 3.8 to 7.7 ml/l. At 

 stations 30 through SO oxygen values followed a more definite pattern, 

 the greatest oxygen content being observed in the upper 100 meters. 

 Oxygen content within this layer ranged from 6,6 to 10.1 ml/l, and de- 

 creased fairly regularly below this layer. The tabulation of these data 

 are presented in the Appendix. 



U2 



