CONTENTS 



Page 



CONVERSION FACTORS, U.S. CUSTOMARY TO METRIC (SI) 5 



I INTRODUCTION 7 



II APPLICATIONS OF SEISMIC REFLECTION AND SIDE-SCAN 



SONAR EQUIPMENT 8 



Navigation for Accurate Position Control 8 



III CONTINUOUS SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILING EQUIPMENT 9 



1. Principles of Seismic Reflection Operation 9 



2. Types of Energy Sources 10 



3. Operation of Equipment and Data Interpretation 12 



IV SIDE-SCAN SONAR EQUIPMENT 15 



1. Background and Principles of Operation 15 



2. Operation of the Equipment and Sonograph 



Interpretation 16 



V SUMMARY 21 



LITERATURE CITED 22 



TABLE 

 Characteristics of seismic profiling systems 11 



FIGURES 



1 Schematic showing the principles of continuous seismic 



reflection profiling 9 



2 Example ORE Pinger profile 11 



3 Components of EG&G Uniboom system 13 



4 Example of Uniboom profile showing Holocene age sandy 



sediments overlying folded consolidated bedrock 14 



5 Schematic showing side-scan sonar using a detached 



towfish 17 



6 Components of EG&G side-scan sonar — towfish and 



graphic recorder 18 



7 EG&G 100-kilohertz side-scan record showing several 



straight and curving trawl marks traversing a sand-wave 



field 19 



