44 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [JAN. 19, 
true criterion of the value. Give the tenant scope for pipes are not always adequate to this purpose, if the 19 people out of 20 tell me is impossible, and I wish to 
his i and enterprise, and then, if at 2 end of drain be an extensive one. If the parallel drains of a see proof, or, at all events, sufficient T — 
his lease, the farm is improved and he has as reaped the | field consisting 0 of 8 to 10 acres are collected into a | it is possible. If you do not choose to 
a of his exertions, clap on a per centage for the | single main, that should be constructed with double 24 | things, pray excuse the presu = og of Sa i itta, 
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landlord, and let the tenant go on again. If this plan or 3-inch tiles, which appears to me to te far better ig at a the Agricultural Ga zette of the 29th 
had been adopted 30 years ago, the agriculture of the | than eg e of equal capacity ; and when prac- of December, a correspondent zafi A 
n ith t ll drains be ope ends. fi 
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t eultiva s, and the price of corn, during that ing, it is essential to get under rather than into | selves to meet the altered circumstances z whi 
period, would never have exceeded, upon the average, pot = oe Dixon, Dorwards Hall, Witham, | are now placed by competition, and trusting more to 
W ec individual exertion than legislative Trente I 
To this complexion it must come at last ; or nearly a “Thick and Thin Sowing.—As a proof of what may a with the jwriter on the many points advanced 
of us will be ruined, ur landlords into pre Aner in thick and thin sowing, ‘the following is a where 8 and application eb be brought to bear 
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vortex after us. Ihave been led into this digress which, so far iir ol I have heard, is exceedingly rare, in increasing production, and I am desirous to avail l 
by the query of “ E. 0.” who asks, What does — fn not altogether E seein eled. The carpenter, who myself of every opportunity of doing so. In the 
to cultivate an average farm of 50 acres in the present resides in the village with’ myself, has about an | economy of manures much may yet be done, and I shall 
day! Supposing “ E. O.,“ as an amateur farmer, to be acre ati grou 5 hi ch he cultivates himself ; rather | feel much — che —— we . be 3 me how I ought 
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estimate of more than half s 
thing well, and not extravagantly, which | at the — of 0 peck per acre 3 the rows are 8 inches be aa are tare “and” — “bulk of my — 
z an average grazing farm in the Eastern Counties, e plants 5 inches in the rows. The pro- made under sheds, receiving no moisture but e, and 
f about 44 acres arable and 6 pasture, would be within | duce of | this at harvest is from 12 to 16 coombs per | this, with cattle droppings, kodad the dong 4 of pigs 
a few pounds. acre, or 40 to 60 bushels. jas — 8 eop is and horses, is mixed and well incorporated for the 
art horses o off, he carries out what a o be a very | growth of Turnips in June. After the cattle leave the 
Plough and e rness for ditto, Jas, Hunter, aa 15 6 good system, and one whisk T he thea ish 808 be yards in the spring, the manure in the yards and sheds 
1 X. L. Plough, — Ransome and May 11 followed on all farms as might appear practicable, is turned over and kept dry under the Sheds, till re- 
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2 Sets of Hannam’s, 37. 10s. ; and Howard's, Bedford, “4. 
1 Bentall's Broadshare Sear arifler fee ih ee s rred to, y en 4 4 
2 11 i e ' furrows, Potatoes. As the in this part of the of mixing together straw and cattle droppings, and 
1 ebro Smyth, hall — —2 country is ploughed in narrow bee 9 feet i in Mee leaving them to ferment exposed to air and water,” 
i 27 1 there are several furrows in an acre ; consequently, Now I wish to know how manure 9 d be made, in 
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) | is enabled to grow a sufficient quantity of Potatoes i ordinary farm-yards, ji re straw 
10 0 Supply his f mere i ater th of himself, his wife, and | horses lie on boards ; or what sort of farmsteads oe 
five o ew 
Barn Implements, Sacks, Wheel- barrow, Dung- 
forks, &. 
3 Cows ou uc uan see 
2 Breeding Sows 2 no doubt he will; and I am of opinion, pes might Tike a hard bed when used to it. 
” errema or erone ewes for fat lambs iged if your beings ig wont be more explicit on 
e in strict accordance with the principles o this most important subject. J. J. Rowley, Rowthorne. 
good economical farming. Would that the day were| Cultivation of Hemp.—Hemp has been cultivated in 
already arrived when tenants might carry out this the counties of Lincoln and Suffolk from time im- 
eee on Sees Soe d War- system of farming, and thus introduce additional crops | memorial, but chiefly for the purpose of local manu- 
zel, 4a 2 2 acres Turnips, and the into the 4-course system. Our country would then be | facture ; and, although it has been very little attended 
sores of Thre land to bear a crop of late Turnips 20 0 0 in a more prosperous and flo pg. Hh condition than it | to in Ireland, some experiments made this year by the 
£017 1 c nS boen Of late yours s and il 7 
e ery we 
If “E.0.” make the 171. 3s. > 502. it will } buy a a | labouring classes, who are willing to work, though | some stalks attained the height of 7 feet. Hemp ma | 
poe “artificial manure and cake, &c., and another 507, now, in many cases, forced to be idle, we should | be cultivated on the western coast of Ireland, where it 
3 8 on se 1 thiir the Christmas | then again see some signs of prosperity. They talk | would be of great use, as affording material for the : 
tidi; it would help him on wonderfully. E. 0.” will of industry whilst our poor are starving in the mean | nets, lines, and cordage of the fishermen, who are gene- , 
perceive he might 7 he hiso occupation, be even up to time for want of actual work. There is an almost rally destitute of these necessary articles. It might 
120 acres for A 3801. more, and be in a much better endless quantity of profitable labour that might be be grown by themselves, and scutched, spun, and 
posi F | done i country in the f ir wi he 
/ Valuation of muck and hay, stover, fallows, &. 
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Dry Proce oar Preparing Flax. In the year 1810, An equally important subject for the consideration of quantity of this article imported, annually, into Great 
a new 1 of dressing Flax was 4 by — landlords is, the improvement of farm-buildings, so as| Britain and Ireland, is about 45,000 tons, valued at 
the to provide good feeding-sheds, liquid manure tanks, &e. 1,600,000. About 1 million sterling of this comes 
Tenant farmers are told they ought to do all spå mi it from Russia. In entering upon the cultivation of 
would be well if they could and would; but let me ask, Hemp, the first thing to be attended to is the selection 
is it fair for the tenant to do it all, and a "for the | of proper soil; the best suited for Hemp is a deep 
is share of the ben eñt? I think not. | black vegetable mould, with a low situation, and in- 
matter, while the re is Prenat * Let our landed proprietors come rward and assist the | clined to moisture ; it well et a rich clayey loam, 
pulled, but that the chemical combination takes place | tenantry, by first reducing the rent to the average price | and old meadow land is well adapte d for it. The mode 
While the plant is steeped in water. The object of ae of corn, and then by providing a fair portion of the of 8 and the place in the rotation, are the 
steeping is to induce a fermentation, which loosens and | necessary means for improving their own property and same as for Flax. The proper season for sowing is 
destroys a cement which bound the fibres of Flax to inereasing their own wealth. I am not one who would April, w soon as there is no danger of the young plants 
each other and to the wood. The fermentation weakens | excuse the British farmers for not doing more than receiving injury from the frosts. The seed is sown 
considerab e strength of the Flax fibres, and even they have done hitherto, far from it; they are I con- broadcast, from 2 to 3 bushels to the statute acre, at- 
many of them. This dry preparation, there- Sider far behind their 5 — and stand very much in cording to the quality of the land. The quality 5 the 
i i must b ight i emp 
fibres much essing 
and it would save the expense of the materials employed | merciful Providence, we may hope to — mee e are in differe 2 which cireum mstance has some 
in bleaching the linen. It has been stated that the dry | better off than the gloom of our present p g as taking it off the 
pioa has uniformly failed of success, when tried in us to anticipate, ground is concerned. Whe not crop is grown en- 
reland. If this account be true, it is extremely difficult Agricultural Progress.— —Rich Mr. l good Mr. . ee for the fibre, it is pulled when in flower, and no 
to explain it. About the time when the 3 was Mechi, do not as yet lose all patience with us coun distinction made between the male and female plants. 
taken Tt. the process w: workmen, | 92 į ret you must not, as you have under- Bat! a is most commonly t — e case when it is cultivated 
teach us. practi 
under the direction the ö at old Bow, = ear en to tea But, above all, do not think that we | with a ne to both fibre and seed, the usual 
London, with the most complete success; not m rely all cavil and sneer at your “ improved husbandry,” and | to pull the male plants, the stalks of which are — 
upon Aan of Flax, but upon whole fields of it, triumph at your supposed failures. I, for one, may a by their yellowish hue and faded 
Indeed, the settin 
all, if properl : all my t | their presence is er necessary. 
th re highly oiae, 2 the | you may realise “ ce npo cent.” before you will have | thus pulling the male so long before the female is, that 
prejudices of the Irish, with which it would have had to been at Titre. hall another woes years. I can well | the latter requires four or five weeks to ripen the 
contend d re too po or it; but that appreciate e merits of well-tilled ground, well-kept | The operation of — the females comme 
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ust as practicable, and certainly much cheaper and igh farming. ma indeed, pe farming, by reason cf | of the capsules ad the fading of the leaves. 
— an the methods at present in use. It is during | Present prices, see under a cloud and we all naturally | * such as steeping, &e., is the same as Flax. 
a then, t = 2 
r x acquires ite permanent dark | want to know — even high farming i . will pay, 
colour ; and four pr. „ ing are requisite to if things go on as they now are. Of no one can the S ee 
restore it to its original white colour, or to separate the question be more fairly asked than of Mr. Mechi, for Sorieties 
which is chemically ee with the he is a real high farmer, 8 — ap- thoroughly ies. 
fibres of the Plax. T. S. information with accounts, 3 purely for Hie — . AND ee — aes et Discussion 
The F. Rain information ; it is important 27 me, for I am a shop- upon the Storing of Turnips and other Roots 
flows : : all of here for the year 1849 is as keeper in a market-town, the centre of a large toca 1050 pori a 3 said — First, with r oped 
January . 1.56 October ... . Inches 2.12 tural iet, and upon the prosperity of agriculture I wales or * — ** . e tobe kept oven winter 
February „ 1.67 “et ine ... 1.69 conceive my profits depend, Let us put a case. I am should be prot — — —— weath er, and 18 Swedes will, 
, 0,24) Decem 3 . 2.58 the owner of Tiptree ; you, Mr. Mechi, are my tenant in the majority of se ve benefit from protection ; for 
| ar omid oe liable 11 © injured by by frost, wand after 1 ; 
| efforts we have reclaimed the farm, and put it into the spring grow nverted in 2 to woody abre Where ritive matte essar 
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7.60 | first-rate condition which it now presents. You have that the Turnips remain on the ground “till spring, 
3.00 two years since taken a lease from me for 19 — zan Deoafit a De deriven by aati balbs mpg ales with 
y passing a 
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> in you now, with the nt average wk 
occasions the in- Prices, of making a decent profit for yourself at the quantities of one or two cart-loads, inthe form of a Potato 
Teek to receive and dis. year's end! Could you, as tenant farmer, make a living and slightly covered with earth; būt T belies long better wd 
it? 
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rent? If you think you could, pray give us a short — be covered wi tied down with straw , 
— SP Dr. and Cr. statement of the how; for this is just what | ropes, the ends of ered wih sium, Army ed dow with a 
