17—1850.] THE 
AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 269 
— and well known for its singular | agent, — — sipaan operation, would prove of wander e and to which his attention had peon kindly 
value e entrance 
extrane 
72560 of says f rime or sulphate of lime) : 
2. * dace a (plaster radi Erim t i or me) 
i ‘d ther — mains, by the decompo- 
se sande it becomes subject, when exposed to the 
ali. 
. Clay: in its burnt state, would act mechanically as 
a filtering be ; and in its unburnt state, on accoun t of 
Mr. Sha 
its aluminous salts, have goto 2 property, re 2 nded for 
i ing the iacal | m 
3 a 
of fixing ammonia, or of 
and other alkaline salts * a in a manure 5 
uld ci cheaply procured 
onal on ae j tances, h hi is Royal Higham „tie oe 
would in erte be highly ubeful as man de- 
pendently of the purpose they would subser v eve ai agents 
for filtration, or of the additional — of manuring Coune 
matter they would receive wage w which they 
— z oy: 
ith 
soluble matter that might pass through, it along with 
the water, and remain in that liquid ina soluble, colour- 
less, and transparent form; nor of the value of such in 
filtered water for — purposes. He had con- 
fined his observations to the agricultural value of the 
filtering bed, and the rich Perg oo d in the purifi- 
cation of sewage for sanitary pur 
Aiter the general — k on of ‘the ‘members, of the 
gratification it gave them, to find that questions so 
i om 
on a subject that his Royal Highness re arded as of 
vital importance to the country. His Lordship aaa 
; whether, during nye va e i it | called by Mr. John Bethell, in reference to 
ect t 8 p 
W 
in the kingdom with exch charcoal saturated with the are not in favour of such rapid churning, Havin 
e Duke of R ormerly had some experience in makin r, we shoul. 
that Mr. Shaw probably n meant charred peat, and in his | prefer that the churning, for a quantity of 10 to 20 lbs. o8 
opinion there was a wide difference between charred | butter or more, should be prolonged to 30 minutes 
D f 
3 best t ng 
Royal Highness Prince Albert for the kindness with | churning. If it is churned too quickly, the separation 
e rs Royal Highness had honoured them with this | is not complete e, and the butter, besides being less rich, 
inter ing communication on so important a subject. is deficient in quanti ty ; if the process is continued too 
—— RATE.—Viscou Bt Binney M. P. aidan * the butter is i gesi to be oily, We think our best 
xsi i f 
called the 1 attention of the a cottager’s butter-makers 1 that us or 
n he h 
As | wh 8 gen ve 
to exhibit to the members a model of its construction, | adds to these amin of Mr. Howard, the ‘tllowing 
aced 5 
the hearth, and with backs of — construction, to churning butter is from to 50 minutes. The 
revent their N Mr. Pusey suggested, that as proper temperature for produeing the Lend quantit R 
there was a prize of 50. offered * the Society for the as well as the best quality of butter is to 60.“ 
best “Cottage Stove or Range for burning coal,” —rofessor Way remar on * — of the 
4 ge 
trouble he had taken in submitting the model to the in- of the judges on the essays sent in to compete N the 
spection of the Council, but without conveying any 8 of 30. offered by the Society, for the best e 
pii 4 
rwise n the diseases of ea mi cr 
AN. — The Council were favoured by management ; and the sealed motto- paper, correspond- 
Mr. Key, of Newgate-street, with an inspection of the ing with the motto of the winning essay being opened by 
new American churn, for which he is the agent, and the noble Chairman, it was found that the successful 
with a trial of its operation in their presence. This churn author for this prize was Mr, WIILIA FLorp 
consists of a square wooden box, nearly cubical in its di- N 8 I E of Truro, in Cornwall. 
mensions, and capable of holding nearly 3 gallons, with a RUBS,- SE. £ ERDARVER, M. P., having re- 
n shire 
ceived Tlak: week from one of his tenants in Shrop 
the outside, a lid to fit closely > the top of the box, and a some specimens of grubs, peter existing in great num- 
spigot and forcet aperture at the bottom of one of its bers in that part of the country, but unknown pre- 
ance sides. The dasher is very Taks equal in length to the ine bi „which were oe great devastations on 
int i ing e 
internal dimensions of the box, its two ends sweepi lade and root of the young Wheat plant, era 
r e 2 E sufficient fall of drain in the de- close to each portion of the box within its range, isted lime, salt, soot, and the remedies 
clivity of ground where it was empl The commu- It is similar to a double box or shallow drawer, plied for the destruction 2 insects, they had bea 
nication with they had been honou y his having, on each side of it, narrow rectangular | sent to Mr. Curtis, the gis renee entomologist, for 
y ighness, was a great proof of the useful matters | grooves or cells, and an iron axle through its centre, the We his inspection, and th e following report, ad- 
to which his Royal Highness was devo n- 
tion. His Lordship expressed the pleasure it would 
give him to institute alge on the plan proposed 
by his Royal Highness, in localities well A N for 
pair. trial, ie tor cena the result 25 the —Si 
i 
difficulty would be found in adjusting the filtering bed to 
S just proportion to the amount of liquid that would have | 
might be abstracted and a e He regarded the 
first results of the trial alread 
of Prof. Way's views of the power — ad rtain soils o 
manuring elements.— Prof. Way was much 1 — to 
find 3 Albert t 1 his attention to W of 
* yal Hi 
i 
then “eo ught ie consideration of = Cound 
He had himself 2 kendod much to the question of the the 
great city. The sewage was itself divisible into two 
portions—the soluble and the insol uble. The — 
matter consisted etable and animal m 
of hair and other floating e; the soluble e 
soda. the 
air a escapes, and bubbles 
t- ; W 
1 the eream, and the result of ch 
communicating with the 8 outside. Before use | dressed to the Secretary, had been kindly made by that 
i gentleman : 
15th April, 1850. 
to about 623 of Fahrenheit, it is poured into re 
i I am much obliged to you for the grubs, which I wish 
churn to not more than half its depth. The lid is then very much to breed, in — hecobtatn thi the exact — but 
ir | closely pressed down perfectly tight upon the churn, fear 3 a shaking by the post, that few of 
and the dasher best in rapid but uniform revolution by sec r . o e Jachet; = a ho 
2 Ns vont e {rai “mae endof 8 dag yr tes t am, 2 Ibe. of — the larvæ he left oie yon wilt change to large gnats, 
m pie: amare ere; 0 pro y to a species descri and figured in my last 7. 
fine fresh butter is produced. The pee 1 — action of g . * 22 poe ap — in rere beg. 
: refer him to the Roy $ 3 
this churn a r to consist ir in the mechanical m mode i = pp. 89 and 92, where I have expressed my belief that the corn 
which atmospheric air is rapidly brought, at a given | crops suffer from the larvæ of a species of Tipula, especially o 
4 vs into mos = te contact and compres- a —.— soils; a hran ey ese — re at ih is 
sion wi cream. By a single revolution of the 27° 5 8 3 
2 figured in Piate, letter V. (0 ite to page 117), in the sam 
handle, the box-dasher is brought down upon the surface | — of the Jou "tne larvae at oe and 43 ar ae 
of the cream in a position nearly to that surface, the pups a er 44. Ans , I hope, will — vg se 7 
the churn is only half full of the cream, whi 2 — d it ain Pendary ag gap Nr N N 3 
s arve, in damp moss in a sm wW may 
ingly 22 3 erbe es 2 3 * transmitted by shall be happy to endeavour to ream 
with it the air enclosed in its under cells (Signed) “ Jon] CURTIS.” 
or rectangular partitions, while the cream fills the The u ordered their thanks to Mr. Curtis for 
partitions on the pp and upper side of that end of | the favour of this kind attention to the objects of the 
the dasher. As the dasher passes down through the | Society. 
ag . pang 57 its rotary action the ineluded air Mr. ee, Hobbs has sie received from a friend of 
eam im immediately in contact wi 5 but as his in De of Colchester, similar g 
the Aae in the course of its N hrough | from — ld of i 
e cream on the other side of the e 2 e incladed much ithe er jared e ravages, to the extent of nearly 
the half grubs attack the centre of the root 
the cells on the kiaz side! being filled with | of 
carried to the upper part of the churn, the pear BakIET.— Mr. R. W. Baker having 
| cream is dashed out, and falls down through the body 
of the churn, This combined mecha transmitted details connected with his trial of the Aus- 
nical action being 
constantly kept up, it may co AA — eee y 5 pie a ley aria 2 Compal te kindi w de x 
mae een 8 en usey, M 
spheric air is brought into — ar As nt with eve — —.—.— epe i Barker, and Mr. Fisher Hobbs, “44 3 the 
Oanei with their views on the general question of the 
tiv 
5 
and | is then washed in the churn, without D bonaid 
N ; trial of naturalised com e mode 
4 tho hands. Nothing, as it appeared, coul more | 
t, is at once dissolved and carried off by the clear | in its cons tise Cie ‘he a om could be imple by. which its qualities ought to be tested by A 
filtered water, and is consequently not left behind | its result ; ace the agent only t t instead of in this coun A try along ve the pes di W 
in the _ filtering bed. Thus, unless fen filtered | providing himself, as he thought it his duty to do, with 
water is also used for sisus he cream for the operation, he had not r the ric Manure.—Mr. Jonn BeTHELL requested 
2 nia is thus * * aud Tost "He thought | Council im by ordering the his | leave to put a q 
Pp pro y ess „for | expence, some rent and by causing | quitted 
obtaining the solid iring matter wage, if|the churn to be worked * rites i t interested in 
empl in connexion with application of liquid | p employ. ld then have removed all | into manure, 
manure, would form a complete system, and all doubt that might exist respecting peculiar mode of clue to — a . — lee in * 
the advantages derived from such a source o of working the churn. He ex- | respect coute 
manuring matter. He then concluded b dt tisfaction it would Kiii io be | | learned, gon — Ps po ommuni 
on the application of liquid tank d to the | to repeat the trial under those conditions.—The Council cation made by Earl Grey to the Society — 
is Royal Highness’s suggestion in refer- | ordered their thanks to Mr, Key for the kind trouble he time ago, that the Earl of Dundonald z 
enee to solid matter of sewage. —T f tr in the atte the 
thought it desirable 13 how far 83 then read to the Council an extract from | Asphaltie Lake in Trinidad 
charcoal, giter its use as a e d mechanical | a report, made by oe ee Nake State Agricultural | nure, and had tes its yv 
