396 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. JUNE 22, | 
satisfied that eropa pask than —.— — their com- | which they had pledged the Society. He might notice the very this to b ical sy and iu th ntion of i 
parative value, from n of the necessary on I have | effectual and liberal conduct of the county of Argyll in having | brother farmers to a review of it. We have hitherto ad ied 
i gorans to; — most oat making $ — * 2 che ——— raised 200. in Taa of the show by voluntary assessment. | minerał manures drilled in contact with the seed, ha — 
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hold that there 22 . — r of — to any extent, but what | work in 1844. The cost would, from the extended accom- believe there is no cheaper or better a agent for ‘this urpose 
will be efited by the — of no small proport — of — e | modation, ere a exceed that of 1844. The ban-| than that now in general use—superphosphate of lime 
a, — addition te what is made — Seve quet, whic 1 was und er the charge of the Glasgow Com- shape of - nd bones, — t wetted and dissolved in a 
with an 
t the facilities 2 adulteration pienia on mittee, had . The dinner would be held in bie gprs weight of sulphuric ae diluted a equal 
the —.— “of adulteration had been pro — ** 1 so ex ten- > City all and the Duke of Roxburgh, the President of eee to which * parts more of water y be 
sn; I cannot conceive how, for one instant, it should be a the Society, would preside; and it was hoped 1 that the Duke of rubsequently added. In the latter . tod growth, wea the 
A hesitation on the part of landlords and tenants to ne rgyll, convener of the local committee p — — — — aa have erved the plant to 
aid — Society in maintaining its chemical department on the As on the last two occasions, there will only be one dinner. flo — 2 re in ifferent 8 „containing 
mori 2 Sane bey are raet by the 8 has 3 the evening of the first day, Dr. Anderson would deliver a | an abundance of — particulary carmen aceous matter 
ect as 
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tion. p dnra has b means of — 3 ar emistry. It was yet too early to wa = estimate = W. We therefor apply from 2 farm manure per 
ures throughout Great — o an extent which absorbs show, as the entries — not be completed before the acre, acco — ng to its quality, laid — * 2 ond thon 
— hundreds of —— of the agriculturist’s money. | but t they antic ae 1 of the largest. 3 ever he id: split the ridges over it, and ith the seed els to 
And — 9 Iweuld ask, would have been our positi t th ny E sweepstakes for rh 4 bulls had | the acre of the dissolved bones mixed with 20 — — 2 cat 
presen ment, with an exten Itivati urnips, and | created great — It had closed with 2 ribers, and | ashes. In the case of ype ong Wur a ag wa find dibbling ig. 
dependent on a — 3 the Peruvian guano? Thanks to | the prize plate had Ape "r 2 sa ar eral — ations trom th nt, We have been pleas “ey 
these manufacturers, w. „ and with success, to keep 1 ocal socie etie es had premiums, which this practice identical with that 8 d in the admirable 
guano, bones, Rape- ia — „ upon which we at one time en irectors elt 1 = goer lg a yapon n principle, | es 3 and an d by s and Dr. Gilbe 
tirely depended, in check. But then, inasmuch as these manu- ae in ee with the rules laid down for su hows, 3 of the Royal Agricultural Society, in which 
facturers have increased in numbe "S, and —— as Scientific than the amount of the premiums, In order, however, to meet —— action of' these manures is clearly — and 
knowledge can alone explain how far * 5 pr ations may | the views of west — n a sweepstakes for Ayrshire | their arg . * numerous experim ents which 
be relied on, the greater is the need for any farn er hav g the | bulls had been sanctioned appea orba * ndue with unusual care, The re. 
purity substances he mploy sted p- fore sults kai er pay that the effect of dung is at. 
application ; and further, however extended the cultivation of fee a tributable mainly 1 i jo the are . of carbonaceous matter 
Tu urnips, there i e is wed an es . ing feeder oi — Farm Clubs. per oe ‘he congen —— De of — 
wh owledge that ave ty — ee de- * an hat er ogenous a 
pin pees red feeding e grea if made by Lonpon : What is t 1 ‘es . A securing A mtr! adai f which i is a object « of e 
3 to test * quality of what he uses. It is fruitless, | crop 5 8 What is the t per acre? And ittle i roduction of bu — pecial 
en, for one moment to presi — can dispens — the aid | what proportion of —— ost is 7 — the suc- pti of — root crops; — the mineral ma y be 
— “the chemist. Were I to m 2 an advice to my brother | din crops in rotation 2— Mr. C.- Lawrence, of most efficiently a pulled in contact with the seed, pm chan this 
farmers, I would say, en yourselves in — sn Fn, * — g 7 d | is injurious in the ar — Sy ges manures, which should be 
Dr. Anderson ; get him to test the 1 article you | Cirencester, sai so peed as not t . = ct with the embryo plant 
porehase, whether guano, oilcake, or uch 1 ike, and ter The questions ‘proposed for our evening’s discussion em- | until it has deve loped “ite pow s of feeding, and attained a 
and pia how you have been — long in brace = uch interest and importance to the farmer state of v — eik of Mr. Lawes are usually 
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—.— ee. ripe valuable an auxiliary. I should be | that well have devoted a separate “evening to — | interesting and i instructive, from the fact of their having been 
guilty of injustice to that — — were I not to mention that — . — on oe each of them. Bows respect to the * firs nducted on land previously rendered nearly sterile as re- 
uring this last session I have had calls from some of the 1 1 vary as much as the soils on which w ioe cted paltai supply of food for the Turnip. This land had 
— attending on his instructions, intending to be practical | have The object in view is to elicit = detail of been cropped with Wheat, Beans, and Wheat, since it had 
‘armers, and have not failed to profit from conversations I had | tha 3 whi has been found snoctesful by th e ex- been manured. It was then sown with Turnips four years suc- 
with them regarding greater economy in the manure of the | perienced cultivators of various eri for ~~ e in stra acto on = cessively, withon at aar addition up to the A 
farm. But it is not only those of my brother farmers who have | those bond have the same materials o work o answer | the experim orded, The — to which it had been 
not availed themselves of the aid of our chemist, who are the | to the nd questi = must also ‘0. “some extent, depend on | duced is 1 —— by this table 
only parties who may be ~ to undervalue the Society’s tio It is possible that all may arrive at | ———~ m 
Produce of Bulb per ayenge — of Bulb. 
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exertions to advance agricult e may reasonably in- the e point in taiag the third, however various the 8 
clude every proprietor who has hitherto withheld his support | — poe the course of their cultivation. The economy of the cures acre. and 10ths, 
as I am not aware of any other way they Lee ore effectually | root or green crop has become a matter which presses much 
secure the im ement of their estates a br ermin t g | on the attention of the agriculturist, and demands very careful Tons. cwt. gqrs. Ibs, 
everything that has a tendency to en lighten their — —9 not consideration. Those only who have bestowed most of this 1843 4 3 R 0.52 
only as to how they may better economise the ob- | on all the details of the subject can correctly appreciate = 1844 2 4 1 0 0.36 
— able “in employ h e farm, bu 5 attention, sans — —— 2 which 7 yet —— way of sound conelusions. 1845 6B 2 = 0.11 
— n emp onog, in addition to it, what will be certain | can do e more than explain our own views and the e r 
to a better crop of Turnip, the valuable reproducer | tice we have adopted on a Tarm, Ta greater N 0 os all these sfc aiy: — effe on of the field was —— 
T do. think some * — — which consists of a fair depth of soil lying upon the n ee lee that the e cts ref the cupely or EEE; 
rabble or stonebrash which ee the oolite, and the ficial stimulants should be i ch ease distinctly shown, as 
Paar yen er exhibits a greater depth of loam lying g upon t the Brad. well relatively to each other 18 to the land unmanured, Those 
who fet suffici oe interested in this important subject to as- 
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‘armers to ask their ald a t all t I 
partment apan mika ail posta of Pa Sr rel tor 
ent of the Highland Society. But, how, in aise case, would | 
their exertions in ie cause = bs e nt prove beneficial to | « 
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ay. $ 
3 which adheres to the implements in moist weather os 
and is injured by the treading of — te in that state. The ro Royal A = he ict ge Hs: = = Sth ier 6 pe er — 
0 we hav f 
realy increased the fac itis e of one rotation, so three select = results from pat Tables i in confirmation of the 
enabled to dis — rer one team out of four. On preparing 9 te — ventured to recommend, founded on our own 
wo ividual investigations patent to the “public $ or any root cr mot too strongly insist on deep tillage observ: 
ao iy — — ry that d is — st such a su ead as theru le, ee admitting of exception. is we commence erage weight Number 
sition, I wo erefore say that if no other a . would | as soon as th eat has been carried. t st pl 
revail, this one alone shoula — ar aoe p oil may admit, gradually Bulb per acre. k Bulbs in Tbs. ofplants 
-A a supporter of the chemical Nein vee will Obtain. n, Inonk this s dèpth ; we have p e i r depth from be- 
rough means of the chemist’s labours gt benefit of those | tween 3 and 4 inches to from 6 or 7 for this plough. That T The. 
— ape foremost in their profession, and you will pring that | is followed by Reid’s plough (each plough wn by a pair of Vani * sete 24 
knowledge to bear on those most backw ard. And if you failto horses), which stirs the subsoil from 5 to 6 inches. Each sub- wae ured rely 
encoura the exertions of enterprising farmers who pert $ sequent furrow slice is laid as roughly as may be on the pre- — ey 12 82 3 1.16 23,882 
cate wi t, with the view of the same being made | ceding subsoiled furrow; the entire de pth wf if aohos and aren gig oir 11 0 6 1.61 23.731 
available to the whole community, the time may come that | upwards then receives the benefit of atmosp notte’ influence for Farm 
sucl retain the knowledge they acquire for their own | the next seven months, especially of frost, That most effective | All Mr. Lawes’ experiments clearly show the superior efficacy 
individual benefit, and an effectual check will thus be given to | of all pulverisers. The 2 of 3 5 first . de is so extended | of mineral manures in brent nt ont and of organic 
— a and unreserved publication of all agricultural expe- | on the. off side as to admit of both horses walking on the land, ying it n ard, Tye promoting the fo sige ation 
ential to develop everything that has a for if the near horse be Blowed 2 Halk on the subsoiled | of bulb. Before we lea “the subject of manuring, we would 
poi to improve the art of agriculture——Mr. Dickson, | furrow much of the — would be lost. Minute sub- suggest, as a matter rey ‘thai conaideratiolk and sohada 
Saughton Mains, said, in corroboration of what my friend, Mr. | division of the soil is material for various reasons. It facili- | whether, on a four-course 2 the usu 5 practise “af = pplying 
Finnie, has said regarding the advantages which ane derived | tates the early decomposition of its inorganic or mineral con- | the manure to the root crop is at ad 
a the s Donii, which are now afforded to members for | stituents, so beneficial in the first stage of growth of the | period. It must be borne i in mind that — mam ure, from 
the gen a tural com gtis = Su 3 ne Highland 
ta 0 
Siem lyses of the various manures, at im moderate | embryo plant ; the temperature of its bed is thereby increased ; wa ks EER made and preserved on the best principles, 
Eosi, — just mention that Suss weeks ago I purchased 25 | it also induces the formation of fibrous rather than of tap roots, | con uch nitrogenous matter as well as as, phosphate and 
„from appearance, and what was and thereby a quicker absorption of food by these numerous —.— 9 matter; that the former is calculated 3 
ae C n; 
h is the ne 
eruvian guano, You will once see that T getting this ploughed, we fi nd no spring ploughing necessary in ordina essential food, the carbonaceous food most suited for the Tur- 
guano — e y I made fully as a — I would a lost by seasons ; and that mim 15 days! dry weat ther the land ail nip remains. Would not these considerations rather indicate 
purchasing sand, at the price f guano. I believe the party | work down the seeds as the crop in the rotation on. whic ht he manure 
3 — sio 1 purchased the $s highly 1 ble | fit state t up to receive the m with the best effect on the whole! * Garrett 
to en quite ignorant of ‘the quails of the stuff he was | We have not — 2 — to plough a ‘ingle eld so | having enabled us by} his admir able implement to hoe from 8 to 
selling, and that he — had heel 8 paves — pani treated this spring crops of the present season. | 10 acres a day wi e horse, in the most effective manner, We 
. n London; and I afterwards got from t agp part | We would here — Hehe toca 3 objection urged against pone Sy urge the rier Ena Gen of this process ; and that 
0 R direct cargo to Leith—the quantity Sy pay in 8 was | deep tillage, which we s t has no g gown viz., that you | though Pai de may be perfectly clean, for we believe it is im- 
only 3 per cent. Iam also aware that our s ecretary, Mr. Hall | bring to the surface an Beni soil, A well-constructed sub- mer i to overrate the value of the influence of this tillage in 
Maxwell, gota — of guano sent to him—also by a highly | soil plough merely loosens the earth — which it passes, | rendering the soil readily * to those inffuences which 
e best Poraviss n, which, on analysis, | and brings nothing to the t — excepting large stones with contribute so materially to the formation and extension of 
rned out to contain, 3 per cent. of sand, I could adduce | which it may come in contact. The first plough, if set deeper | roots. After the final hoeing, if from wet weather or other 
—.— instances, ut show the dangers to | than the land has been ploughed before, undoubtedly — causes the intervals between the ridges have become hard or 
which the e publio 8 exposed in the purchase of ns 1 soil for the first time to the surface — but for the previ close, we recommend a turn — a — pm pos having 
as we 0 = similar nature, a of | subsoiling, it must be admitted would be comparatively il ill three tines slightly carried for ards, one in and two 
the —— * it p" my duty to be cognisant of the state of the | adapted to the growth of 5 fons want of the — matter | behind, something after the 8 of the.. Dueie ‘cultivator on 
r list, and I regret to have to corroborate what has | which accumulates in the surface soil, and of the inorganic a small sm drawn by one horse, which stirs the soil 275 
stated as to its arten, The Society, in its efforts to constituents having rae set free b by the ‘disintegration effected | inches dee This treatm — rodu eed & a crop of 8 
23 this most important o has not met with that sup- by atmospheric influe ces, But is it merne ? Excepting | 1948, — ee 24 tons per acre, on an impoverished te 
pot rom the lande = — of the country to which i t alluvia l di s, the original | which had never dag ran pene more than 
entitled to look, Not only is the fund the reby decreased, dat t | com npos osition of the a we ony . they inches deep, uor had produced a crop roots of sit that 
the moral effect is — injurious. The — nants of a pro- contained the same mineral agents essential to the growth of weight. We eae pared to 3 the cost of this crop. 
Prietor ad — * support, natu Gane infer that he is | plants. Furthermore, the immediate subsoil Di a3 ba n enriched | The elements of this will probab'y vary more or less in every 
actuated n by a — to save the trifling sub- by soluble salts, Go., washed down aa — from ve manures | instance, certainly in various soils and in different seasons. 
scription r * om ie a disapproval of the tbat Society’s | spread from time to time on the ace, and it — be- We have heard such a variety of opinions on this point, 
operations, I regret to observe * that some gentlemen somes e from exposure by thorough tillage. If we double | from 4l. to 121. per acre, that we can hardly hope to assign any 
who have ted hitherto, have intimated their intention | the quanti ity of available soil by deep tillage, the space between cost 1 
are many valuable 1 sI eas there eag Dh * € y reduced, and the number may | will therefore merely state the actual cost according 2 is” 
long tim 8 ess, which require a consequently increased. In fact, by the process recom-| practice and experience. This, amounting to 11}, per Sal 
e and much attention to bring out a result that would | mended we practically increase our e on a given area. | the charge in a favourable season, involving no additio: 
1 ue, and which, if done hurriedly, would be use- | We will now consider the 8 of ne” and the mode of | ploughings or se ager tillage, 
hee oe parties to suspend their baer ag till there | its earme, a matter — eel as one walking: i in te of er Cost po the Root = a Acre. 0 0 
p — K a * opportunity afforded of proving the practical | the dar 3 in daylight. Practice —— rates, thes, a =i BS 2 0 
Pac 3 my A ee most important department. The has ledt us to put great faith ie m manure, t the ordinary produce | Interest on capital (1 re)... oe fi 
— 0. He en un: ously ered of. The Show at Gla —— of our farms. Science g~ — that 28 manure com- 3 — soiling ri da, four horses me 3s. 1 
+ =. HORNE, of Langwell, said — 1 had the bines so many essential elements of "fertility, and has also Two men ae 
tha * ments for “the show at pointed out to us ample barges for making and preserving it — d rollin 
= lasgow, the Slat of July and Is ist ad 2d of August, were in with great care. We have recently ha re sammie: of man nor re — arrow wing pr bal . e 
Ty of advancement. As on former — made in our boxes subjected to — | analysis = Sabet! Hauling out pom spreading... *. 225 
of the Lord Provost and magistrates or Glaslbers! assistance | Way. You will, perheps, be somewhat surpri ear that | Four bushels of bones dissolved in acid... 3 
had been granted for a sho Magistrates of Glasgow. The Green | though not one drop of tiga had ever come a Prt — with | Double boutin: 25 ee 3E 8 
rhe tain 255 5 . . 
trates ha — LE and. the the Lord Provost and ma 71 p . Of wa — Now, when it is considered that our Horsehoing mahani boy su a aea ir i 
The subscriptions fiom oomen ecessary arr range. | farm-yard manure of the best description is commonly filled | Singling...” 3 
embrace th ly filled a second tìme ‘twice vs e e 
shom rity . eyo amount could not be estimated, | and carted to its aittenate deposit on the land, containing — Horsehosing, pke 55 eee 3 0 
iho y parishes districts have not yet been re- | large proportion of valueles water; and that so far as bullo Pulling, — . anf stoning in clamps... — 23 3 
e r on the reliance that the sub- feeding goes, the jhe ae poe containing about 90 per ce — Sundries.. as eos aik sey bade ues Seo 
o ee ey e very large amount amount of premiums for | water, is filled and carted to the sheds, we cannot co . me x e 
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