27-1 850. | 
THE 
AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
429 
from the effect which 752 adhering crust had in 
of th 
and we temperature raised 
ted that however pry it 
true, 
range: peel, 
made of “thin w wood, or even of 
person at 
rge rese 
his factory, 3 x, ee 
d be immediate 
nd to 
and why the railw my. dene e 
bad been led — to seek fi r to soften 
th 
rought 
ame 
akes p osphere ; an ee of 
lime, one of the 855 buen salts with 
chemists oe bk a and which 3 re- 
mains in the in a state of complete and s 
eanit club “tt might, e be said, 
that th of the sal-ammoniae carried off the 
the muriatic cer dissolved the 
ter from the chemi 
straction the bi-ca te also te of e 
nate, and bot ug insoluble, they would, of course, 
fall as precipitates to the bott f the vessel, or other 
enclosure in whi water contained, leaving the 
wate: irely fi m the bi-carbo fod lime to 
which its hardness had in a great measure been owing. 
en proceeded to describe Jesmar r Cine k’s system 
of soap-tests, for ascertainin 
e relative degrees of 
He 
ing t 
n certain =Å 5 remarked 
that hard water, as was well known, curdled soap, which 
would not produce a lather until such hardness had 
m overco Clark ded a 
solution of wh in of a cer- 
e heat, received by the furniture 
in an 
to m 
interested in such subjects, without spoiling e his 
It would also 
purposes, and 
due subsidence 
„ tó 
ent; it would, 
only difficulty consisted in tanks bein 
of 1 chalk thus fought into an 
t that 
while = all pae interes ed in 
on 
b together in solution, a double decomposition en- | | 
sues, each of the four combining substances 1 ts 
ely, 
te of ammonia, — is volatile, and accordingly mere 
and mur 
d 
other earthy substa 
f 
absence of min 
ore con 
assing through t thom. 
Fohnsto one had name 
from the water being in fact 5 pose. 
n Johnstone being thus appealed to, replied, 
that, in the water to which Professor Way had allude 
there was no trace of lime whatever. The irrigat 
had been laid out by the late Dr. W. Smith on a thin 
moorland sandstone rock ; there was no lime whatever 
Professor Derb 
shire, and at 
ep 
offered this aer 
ments for = Phebe: 
indicate 
e hard- 
he trusted that an an inspection of the Devonshire 
dows w aad lead to further adiris on the ee 
obstae 
ortan 
e , p, dyeing, 8 other staple maunu- 
Bolton, Man si = Fa adford, 
ich 
tacle 
as | water in e 
e 
g third head of his lectur 
lie 
questions connected with this s subject. 
Wat ater for Cattle.—The Professor commenced 
malcule; wh 
and i t ga ave coa 
ob! iged to drink ti seg when it Some considered “hat 
s contained from 60 to 70 
while London — 
ye n e so by 
passing “hroush the ‘soil ; water ag haoiri, pri 
hard b e bi-carbonate of 
owever, it 
= 
5 
lime. 
* 
hether . 
was 
cases 
. | of cattle, as it had be 
the: 
ld 
of the prac ctical effee 
en his oes in the remarks he had 
en made, to elicit from th 
Royat PATRIOTIC SOCIETY 1 = IMPROVEMENT OF 
THE HIGHLAND SMALL TEN oe Bond, — 
lately Saeni che fo! aie ing 
ution, a a meeting in the 
society was 
. 
es; 
humb: bler sre 
a kindved instit — 
efforts of a 
rmed by 
— ol the Highlaud population pra 
as it was inex t. The great ie therefore, 
it 
e | to the examples afforded by China 
porting a a far larger population than in 
an . with the e 
wien 
d to the Council the failure of 
irrigation of his from the ud tcp * of the 
eral and earth 
ay then proceeded to say, chat, in 
Bala Lake, in Wales, the water was ex- 
er for Trrigation.—Piofeso or Way remarked 
„ he thought that 
i S far beyo ond those which the peop 
their mm 
m of stall-fee . h 
cropping ‘and liquid 3 whereby the possesso: 
of but trifling if any 3 
5 the Hightand we 3 enabled to raise a gre 
. 0 produce, and largely supply the Den 
253 as the fruits of th 
8 
d | the 8 of such an i 
Having demo: 
roved 8 of hus- 
rides, by adverting to to its already suc- 
Gairloch, where the 
ever thought within t i. 
band the Heb 
Saru 
| instruction, an 
ph Sons 
among the steers ace, 8 speaking, — 
result in the securing of a 
an had 
much greater a! 
“obtained. 
ceedingly soft and pure, but consi idered as unfit for | sta 
irrigat 8 
W more general than it h i the suk 
ore interesting at the present Sia 
nsuing count 
of the | had 
try meeting e e to t held | d 
ns had been so 
-soap 
tain strength to be employed in his testing. This solu- ully carri He should, tia vila oceasion 
tion would at once produce a lather with soft water, | select specimens of the different waters, der different | 
but not with hard water until quanti the ces, fi of analysis, in order that 
solution had been added to it for the purpose of counter- | he might repo quested by the chem com- 
acting the hardness : when lather of a proper firm ad of the Society, the lt of his i es on that | established in various parts = kaross 
been gained, the amount of standard solution employed | interesting branch of his arches. It been found, | found to benefit the leer the Te and their 
to produce the effect indieated th s of hardness | by ascertaining from analysis the nutriment requi subsequent employers. the — 
of any particular water; thus dard of comparison | by the Hop-plant, that only those soils that contained that still prevailed with were d cii in most 
was established, by which the choice as to different | phosphate of lime uld be suitable for the | Highland districts, and which would be overwhelming 
ces from which it would be most advantageous to | cultivation of that plant ; namely, suc sas on | should the Potato fail again year also. He trusted 
= water coul sati rily determined. n sandstone of Sussex, Kent, and Surrey ; and | that, under of a merciful Providence, it 
rof. Way then perf an experiment with this that what theory had thus preserib the condition, | would not fail; but he again urged upon crofters, that, 
Soap-test, on spring-water from the chalk at Croydon, | p had actually proved to be the most advanta-| humanly s g, the only way for them to escape 
m comparison with wate the former 7 5 e cultivation of Hops having been | from of famine, by their cultivating: 
indicating a hardness of about 18°, and the latter of | most s ecessfully carried out on the soils in question. | every available patch of land in their possession, and 
about 15°, The operation consisted simply i ing | He thought 5 von also be found, analogically, that raising Tu Carrots, Parsnips, Cabbages, and 
to the water, from a graduated pipette or suction tube, | successful ion would probably ‘be found to be con- similar art of food. If they economically sav 
meas of the solution, until the water ool to ce: prin- and app li uid li solid fertili 
when shaken up maintained a lather on its surface | cipally. He t chug it might be a question how far the substances about their dwellings to their erops, they 
for five minutes. Th f measures then * of that operation was due to to the tem would insure much greater returns had ever 
dicated the quality of the water, two soap res i position, or to both; he before received. oa was glad ¢ 1 
one ardne The process, | himself oau the an . re x 2e me to | had advan of sad corn to many crofters in 
55 
described, as eas aS and simple; and one 
wu might t be 8 y gentleman who was 
gent ; 
eg. 
we had al — learn sealer either, and | 
ced loan 
o | Skye, and only prc 
not co- 
7 earn throughout the the 
with the want of “seed cora. 
extensive w 
