474 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. Jux 27 
ipl ayr . travelling more — us, 
toll-man may have it in his power to exact the 60 with Fern, and the puny cna with past anil 
diminishing the turnpike 3 and causing a —— * ** must be remembered, how- Not having hay — — my i to turn 
er, — aa e destructive, t raffe on that in Mr. s plan, as applicable ‘to the me Se to procure some, The first course I took 
those y oads aaa is not exacted, and locality beiten the. 1 ee of which for 
which, as before e are maintained by an annual | the ground-work . P.'s remarks, complete| © 
as 
my 
take the Peel: 2 all the pane and 
conte how many a — then ‘to as. 
z ` Id carry the M over tk yo 
rate per acre on occupiers of land, So far as our provision is made — siete’ a * * ate mn * ` 
e , this annual char; in 30 years, an whic 3 
rang level that 1 
I found 
ee ' ite a rigate, I — — cailtivate —.— 
viewed by farmers with the same hostility as the per horse is set apart. At the end of 20 — the ing, and Pare r N — raray 
continual driblets exacted for the use of the turn- rate per werd wer be reduced to 22s., so — then work #0 land to the depth of from 12 to 15 in 
pike ; . — indirectly proving Mr. Padax's the comparison of the three assu umed e Finlayson’s harrow, by stirring the subsoil, but not to 
case, that an payment for the use of all roads stand thus: ring it to the — ; after working many times oper 
ithe far obnoxious than the present system, Ist Case. in this way, I got en as I thought ne. 
with — eee compound of tolls and statute- Present system — 414 cessary ; it was then manured with 
Charge 30 years hence, 9 horses, 2 at 22s, ... 91 
labou 
The follow ing . is designed to give a view g 
of the er e cost of supporting public roads My atin — 4 8 
in 2 of two farms of 252 imperial acron e each, eee, a 
in by toll-bars as to render it ne cessary ya r de | 30years W 
occupier to pass through one or other of them , ea 
with all the produce sent to market, and also in 3d, or average Case, water that was drained from the springs above. I get 
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bringing guano and other light manures, coals, Present systen . 10 15 
&. The second, situated in a Sane» sere the 30 years henee ; „ tn tae aO A 
statute-labour roads 
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for the f all — — ; m 
wenn produce to the place at which i it is e be Saving .. £017 14 gutters may be put 60 feet from each siher + Yak if it 
deliver For the sake of perfect equality in the So far as the farmer is concerned these cases will | be very steep, and there is a good flow of water, they 
com stl these farms are supposed t to 2 e cropped have adjusted — long before this period | ™* Y be p re 70 or 80 feet apart. When I find the water 
one-half in grain, and the other in green | arrives, as soon, in fact, as present — expire, and = too fast into the land, I's fine earth or 
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urnips, 42 acres of Barley, 42 acres of Grass, 42 Instead of the foregoing Rens iy being pur- 41; j 
omnes of pags and 42 ae of Palaja * Beans, posely overdrawn, in order to exhibit Mr. 3 ae ct "hn ee — than A — 
er leguminous crops. On the first of these plan in a more favourable Tight t than it is entitled — time to time, drained all the wet land on the riba eon 
pat the * de sl eee | they are, we believe, much below the truth, for it have now 30 acres of meadow, which yield a RET, 
will be ne toll-bar. | will be observed that ate 20s. is charged for 2 from 1 to 14 ton per acre annuall y. 
. £0 12s. 3d, | cellaneous articles passing — a turnpike ; Where it is Ls posible to carry water over dry land 
.. 0 12 7 | wherever town manure, lime, or draining — best to do so; but the bog itself can be converted: int 
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stated in the most ao of the above d 
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10 0 cases. In Mr. Paca —.— on “Road Reform, it | ROW Watere — The way I manage to provent.the a 
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18 tons of coals a 
Gig tolls, say 52 a at 94. 
Miscellaneous ee SS 
Se eee ife roa es 
Total for tal 47 from a number of the leadin iculturi i i 
statute. assessme g En turists in the a 3-inch turf, with the Grass downwards, and well 
* Fifeshire) per GA UA ce dec 365 6 „ . districts of the county, of their statute- trodden in; on this turf I lay on puddle, which „ 
labou tolls Dan number of horses, and received | within six inches of the surface. When this is done, 
eS 2 214 8 3 . ns Trota individuals having among them | pare and burn, manure, and m alae the peat in the 
The other farm, situated in a statute-labour 364 horses, of we * a) yearly of statute- labour and s I do the other lan 
district, would pay only ws we 7 4 0 |tolls, according to their computation, 6907. 0s. Ed., . The water gutters should be anid the under edge 
equal to 17. 17s, 10d. per horse. At 27s. 6d. per sloping outwards, in order to let the water flow more 
Differen £7 horse these parties, in the gross, would save 1867. 4s., freely over the land, and be less liable to be be, in 
In the — the c e the use N. the or ‘about 27 per cent, Going into the individual | bi cattle or horses passing over them. waist 
public 4 p Sinear to 2 205 per acre, „Wille in cases, we find 22 of them paying more than that 3 
other jit is only 7d, In ordinary cases, however, rate and seven of them less, viz.: 22 having 286 being changed, nor be turned upon the land in order to 
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et by a statute- labour road can horses, 603“. 16s. 1d., or 2l. 28. 2d. per horse; and i t; but should frost set 
—_— obtained for part of the produce of a seven, having 78 horses, 86“. 4s. 5d, or 1. Qs. 1d. while ¢ ee is on, ` — means i the 
„Which will so far lessen the expense ; por Ia per horse. frost is gone; for ifthe SAA ox exposed, and the frost 
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ther hand, e are man If this statement be in any degree an approxima- | continues, it will, most likely, lift the land and kill the 
more than one toll-bar has to be passed thr in tion to the average cost to the farmers of Fife eri Grass. After the hay is made, I never the alter 
going to market, and sooner or later this heavy | the use of the public — in that county, it proves Grass with anything but sheep, or cattle under two 
impost will fall upon the land and come to be in- that for one that would lose by the introduction of years old, feeding it down as close as possible by the Ist 
cluded in the r all pu he horse rate of 27s. 6d. per annum three of November. f then clean the gutters and roll the 
gainers to a much greater amount; and | land i ‘ 
that ultimately all would be 1155 or less benefited. Pea to ging in the autumn. November, February, 
1 circumstances of the different | Ai] the land on this farm was valued under an In 
ds d pE Toughout the country may vary as re- | elosure Act, in 1804, by the surveyor, at 2s, an acre, 
R i local incidents, the What I have converted to meadow would now let for 
principle upon which a uniform horse rate 238, and is still improving. The soil on this farm is 
is based admits of expansion or contraction to part peat and bog, and brown loam, resting on gra- 
meet every supposable case. It is in fact the and ech, slaty rock, The Fern grows in the brown 
dal p 3 and 1 only one which by lopping off all useless ap- loam, which, on our moors, is by far the best land for 
425 e of Gk eing supposed oe tothe wants of. pendages, in the shape of toll-keepers’ profits, toll- water meadow ; 
arm of 252 imperial acre n litigation, &., offers a simple The sides of the mountains in the north of apes 
ist 2 £ s and efficient means of removing debt, and ultimately and Wales might be converted to cntch-mondows in ie 
Present l4 3 cheapening and — i tra ;: throughout | same way y that I — 2 S — 3 the po 
— 2 9 horses 27s, 6d. per annum 12 f 6| the country. This ctive view of the subje 8 ~ mado ee 
ill probably not be 8 convincing 2 F ier Be atiy down, 128 ood, as 
Saving tot to the farmer Ne the N of many as a more immediate saving to the pocket | Grass tat eo oe ae eure Ey 2 22 
iii M 118 9 would have been; still, our duty des’ Sat end with age, n — good — Tr her fore, la pasture 
Present system “2d Case. taking care of our own wn interests; and truly our pre- is 33 = —- it will be erre pest to break it 
— 55% „ 6 0 sent road system, with its heavy debt in not a few up first, work it clean, n it well and seed it down 
tegia were hues obs Se + oe cae y 3 clean, manure it well, for 
cases, and its cumbrous — shine ery everywhere, is with those Grass seeds that are most congenial 
al expenses to o the farmer during 5 75 a poor heritage to tran mit from father to son. | water meadows, : 
ae currency of his 2 6 e laissez Jaire principle will not avail us much aere, 
g — — are extrem , however, in oth enses sj sneer, a railways ee revolutionising the traffic of| par — eee —4 is 
us suppose, 3 that of a tame e country everywhere, -kno orough- | . Spreading 8 433 
a similar extent of land, but: wie dias occupying fares are ze eng 2 mi A * F Si lh ste — 058 
eae traffi consequence of the centres of traffic removing them- Sixty bushels of lime, and carriage ia i 
«Wrest tamptke and Statute- selves to = various railway termini. No doubt F si è 
s 11 14 pense o maintaining these obsolete highways will a and Harrowin ins 3 
5 * . a be tly lessened, but the toll-bars in, the} Hoeing Tur fe: eed. $r Ea 
—— | keepers must live, and it need not be matter of sur- g5 93 
10 15 13 prise, if by-and-bye the receipts on some Baker Value of Turns sao 
12 7 6 highway 1 suffice to s support olitary First „ 
i erberi, far less to pay surveyors’ salaries 45 e nn,, 
on debt. J. ‘Second Your. 10 0 
. 21 12 43 . — Cultivating after Turnips „ * 0 
For this additional sum eee de N nee A MOORY HILL-SIDE INTO | Sree -atida,perib . 030 9 
roads, and is saved annoyance of turnpi H-MEADOW, —— seed, at ad. Per o.. 3 3 8 
Ar Lady-day, or a began to farm 300 acres of Sowing and 2 harrowing in Grass seeds .. 0 40 @ 
> land on Brendon-bill, the property of the Earl of Car. Making water fof iaad S oe a Oe 
| narvon, the elevation of which J. 1000 fest above e 1e Peg ef ef 8 wie 
the sea; about 200 acres were then covered with Heath, 
t 
