620 
THE AGRI CULTURAL GAZETTE. 
| SEPT. 28, 
meei mouth and stomach with every new fibre of 
and every new leaf. When the food of a plant is 
in in greater abu indance than its organs require for their 
returned to the pent but is employed i in the formation of 
new organs; il is dri a sufficien 
depth, and the organs rous roo i 
sufficient food for the proper development of the ot 
the superfluous food is employed in the formation of a 
dition al fibres, the roots grow deeper in the . 
a the plant.”—The depth of the active soil in which 
the roots have to pasture, that is, from which they draw 
—— nourishment, * e a the cultivator’s i ingenuity 
to enlarge; 
4 
i 
ins breadth, but d if we 
increase th 
depth, we double pa field of 3 for the roots of 
our plan search rishment. By this 
great 
ower of 9 in the 
w arked differe: 
sickly and Apa espa p 
ces a 
stem and — — in the air. The soil must 1 
either natura repared 
ness, or, when the earth has enough, to make them with- 
e for a ere. we must look to the proper cultiva- 
of the soil as the only means within our reach of 
pen apaya aer om oe atmosphere and storing up 
a supply to 
also pre 
tivation, to part es the moisture when it comes in 
great abundance. J. M. 
Hom e Correspondence 
Covered — Heaps. —It is with much satisfaction | 
{have perceived that a correspondent has come forward | 
last P his t ony in the 
— the prize, or in the 
. . e ai the decision ret the judges, 
d 
unimpeachable e y, I * cheerfully and freely ac- 
— Believing, however, that what is 
end an acre in length or | amou: 
ape ate in length | 
again by means of wate mate the value of 
good dung too highly to pars Frey yen method of 
cleaning our stables by turning a river through them 
why then should we ee the kin 
56 feet by 20 (ao 
eps we pilies 
where it is noi perhaps it m 
ung- we a -= a uantity is not found when the 
ee remo 
drink in | in 
d| whi 
e of loss arising from 
$ bon ortio 
d in times of drought, and we must | f 
3 soil, by perfeet drainage and deep = 
0 
ch sum will not be greatly exceeded by the amo 
the w ig of the most valuable 
ns of manure ; mir this assertion we mu 
onclude C. Spoon 
a rvest in "Eskdale e, Dumfriesshire is now pre 
well over ; upon some farms, all is 
Crops have not turned out v they promised, in 
tty |» 
in the stackyard. 
the be- 
of August. Barley is a full aver 
e turned out light, upon all inferior soils; Turnips 
whieh looked splendid a month a 
th 
ked ell u 
8 able black blotches ap- 
eaves, accompanied with the e eta 
s are now com- 
pie tely black ; ya fro =y on the 
ight of the boat ult, 
some localities, and but to a limited d 
vely late—suffered little 
rom the s kodad, which did so much 
20th of August. The weather, 
you NG for 
s to Tarr that“ dung- 
pits, which receive the un diluted ur rinary | drain nage o of 
| ~ stables. 
mand; n an adjoining column of the same 
pra I — my opinion fully corroborated by that of 
hland 
r. Anderson, the chemist of the Hig Society. 
But we have now af old notion revived, of the supe- 
riority of long, dung for a land, by Mr. Geo eorge Sum 
mers. Now, it is well known that “ unfermented dung” 
ed. But 
= although 72 tons of rain water may have fallen on 
dra 
d | useful in non 
by | vided ¢ 
e Asers 
a | Dea 
eee pate 
de 
The tubers are 8 diseased i in | woul 
book of Letters on 5 error vement,” the 
motto on the title page is, We m r forge 5 that 
3 N i multiplied q quantitative Dan aa 
substant e; and as th 
n below i 
0 
tween the 
purely clay beet the drains 
y are not disturb 
rea tN of 
will not percolate to the dista 
t the distance of 30 feet is totally — 
et in 
told te writer of this article, in private con- 
ad 30 inches 
al drainage, and that 
4158 his o n. The frequency may be 
varie ed ete 2 to 24 feet ranged to the vd of 
the land, and E climate. 
TF 
TE 
tivable on is very shallow, 
ween d and soft kiiy 
cumstance 3 the top of = drains 05 be level as 
ee, N the surface of the s which the 
r float wanders, in coder to be phe oy 
— aiioa are of the most 3 
Cultivation of Land. 
th 
F 
various localities ? Poe 
av 
and the average weather at the period o ing 
planting Graig: clay soils, and the doctructiol of 
weeds under all may be considered 
nece: to good farming, as well as keeping roads in 
repair, and trim es ; but as to any arbitrary 
stem of cropping, as culiar lands, it 
is right in | cannot con to the plant, and ia so far w worth- 4 
principle cannot be wrong in practice, my opinion to | at Among the conditions of ferme heat | out ce wi ants and capabilities, 
eeping dung un ver, is not in| undrained wet clay peri the 1 3 For instance, clay soils differ so materially, that it seems 
the slightest degree altered by the opinion of so is abundant, and the common perature atmo- | quite 1 to give yae ctions for the cultivation 
r. Thompson, whose objections to ths | plero su 1 2 other, * but slowly. There of one descripti that suit every other. The 
practice appear to be founded on certain ri ls sory j & unferm ” p slowly throi its sev treatment o i iff ct vith i pam hes ue e, must be 
which he has found to at tend it. Ie ones ive that eni hi: of den where the fermented expense entered 
com he objections | short dung disappears altogether at an m at into, an a A be 5 kas were ae under stratum 
are trivial and ake sh The | aided by the water of the tenacious supersaturated | composed tin capil convertible 3 for the growth 
dung when removed 5 the dung-heap, may be evenly clay; in fact, it had arrived at an adv 3 “stage of vegetation. Even the same q of land under 
spread and satu e urine of the cattle | of decom penton when used. We will now dry or a moist climate, must have different manage- 
collected in the neighbouring tank; and compression a slight glance at the composition of the two, in ment. Aga four, or five- co 
may be very econ y y of a number | relatio; irem f the crop. The “long | much must depend upon the capital of the farmer, and 
of store pigs, which may have access to the d ng-h dung” can yield but little more than carbonaceous | his oportu: of making a y: f ma 
from small y ng p closely adjoining. | and an insignificant proportional of inorganic matter ; plentiful heap of plant food, green and grain cro y 
The advantages of box-feeding, I take princi hereas the short from the pit, h I have | sueceed zs ing the soil for the former 
ewing to the ner in which the is y alluded, is, in addition, fully charged with phos- only, and thus giving half the arable part of 
‘preserved under cover, and undiluted by rain; and phates and ammoniacal salts, derived k year, soon must o stuff. 
when we bearin mind the fact, that in some counties of | undiluted urine, which salts ognised as e coll of and its . application 
England and kpa gin the most valuable parts, of any manure, be are most important on ‘tile one porii te 
ir name or nature . . it may; and, I may add, by come im A ‘the “other no 
and which. re value er is estimated. Of these | give it a surfeit, which is quite possible; caring a 
=e ferilising ry “long dung” has, compara- | quantity on to 1 tend of two years, to save 
g, none, nor does it acquire say by being trouble,, had better be avoided—the first cro 
tain tured over w with earth until it becomes “short.” | absorbin th or their perfect oot 
e benefici — of long dung are confined, chemi- dition, and third going withou z 
cally, to the slow evolution of carboni onip, eh the land a th same tine farming, a8 În othor trades, 
ts, echanically, gp seat ploughed in the di- | a be “penny wise and pound ae 
rection of the inclination of t und, and thus clum- | Grudging 7 bens where the liberal employment of í 
sily helps to do what tiles wou d accomplish ten thousand | w: send corn to the and save it another e 
times better. To the wet tenac clay-l farmer I | great outlay with small profit. Ido not wish * 7 
would respectfully say, les well, and leave | down the law, although I may seem so inclined; my 
the long dung in the urinous pit to increase in rich- pri object in occasionally t e spree 
“ty Cannot be correct to dilute it mess, so that you in turn may become rich. W. E. Gill, EN ne ing i aie te ete — 
In the — from April to — in, we e bad T: competent to teach them, than 3 
double the rain in 1846, that we had in the following year. | Frequent v. distant Draining. — In Mr. Mechi's | sibly be. I am content that the littlejay brain 
