. a EE T acct wlll onl’. A 
_45—1850.] 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE, L H 
— on in fine dry w. weather, when a few hours’ ex- quantity of starch deposited, to serve as 
. to the hot sun is sufficient to rend 
yractice, Mr. Wray says, “Often fro 
lanter keeps a number of men W 
in 
once a 
a few drops fall; all hawds are allet n bite 5 
er the 
food for 
insolubl e form, | mo 
rsion 
in i 
to 80 acres | mean A ge thet pee e the conve 
near th 
case of a sudden subst — 
; tikes Ad. bstanees, gluten — 
m ted tu gee Ord 
8 
rt 
© 4 8 
2 d 
ry or 
a 
o 
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nm 
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B 
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EN 
B 
& 
85 
„ nate. T 
in plants by the 
ns, 
fall, stance is elaborated an d stored up by a 
the, ammonia. Whe ineo y em- 
e megass future embryo t; but as a — e loyed in the anation 
enough to burn. ign ing of * most wasteful upon chat sut pat ordin: — my — — —— cn mot ay subject, wers se doss 
M The fresh juice 2 Sugar-cane readily 
ett i À ie, sú 
f canes are fit to cut, a even a portion, spoiling, when | of this 8 le starch i sugar, Kc. be extremely liable à 3 
‘ain sets and effectually prevents the cane trash at the proper time, Sar Peg sond Deine t —— supposed, extremely liable to un a ate 
inds of ch pega A ay effec effected modifications which may take place ; aha — fho Greta. 
posing 
composition, and there are several dist t changes or 
ageney de th 
Il- matter. It is the —- office Fa —— — azotised matter. The first of these viscous 
con- | fermentation, a portion of the sugar passing into a kind 
— s f aged into of jui ing tur i 
each other; and it is always f bund ud that when any sub- at the same time it loses its sweetness, This change 
future fore a 
sugar- | ciated, into a soluble and active con 
ve 
, every domestic even is pressed into service, but The — nature of — and albumen, sre 
wo in i 
in a closely resemble ea 
comes rre in some — 
few moments the trash is as thoroughly soaked as remarkable ; it may be ‘ety we well studied 
; lays’ s the 
we remem- | softened, air gets admitted, the — matter is oxi- 
i then the 
un nation of a 5000. The starch which 
is very 
the germi- 
tains 
the is brought into a soluble state by the action of the 
manner, our em a 
ber that all this may be easily prevented by the importa- | dised and change, and 
by adopting su i 
ith chea organi 
— ant aut but rather the tle in faves of old matters are associate ther, no change can 
hich f is — — — influence of atmospherie oxygen. | tai 
a 
expen 
manufacture is diastase or azotised matter which is 
ble matters’ 
ed at the t as a 
it threatens ; whenever it may be req and able with facility to | or acetic acid ; but in either ease the resulting acid is 
e; they bring the — substances with which it is asso- | formed j l 
cane juice is either allowed to run from the mill inte 
a cistern or cold receiver to settle, or = - in faet, 
y the case, it is at onoe run in arifier, a 
500 
| scum n the surface, uantity o — . 
x power in turn of aition on the starch, in the manner of | sides, the l. liquid —— clear, and is then drawn off 
ndependent of 8 and causing its conversion’ intosola 
ppe 0 i 
egass as — J. 
not the difficulty of providing him with 
into nthe er —— 
ese prelim number 
| of different objecta. have to be attained 5 not Aan are 
pi 0 2esors A ni — ensive, as formatio 
incapable of improvement, and leads Him to pote ion illustrates this fact well. Grapes contains sugar and 
all alterations as necessarily 3 to loss and rui 
ower part as well as the green to 
ough, generally speaking, — quantity of the from the action of the air, it unde 
nice of the cane is Bet 
gether . So long as the 
ripe part of the cane. This, ‘whieh. get to Be chiefiy azotised ‘matter is inactive; the fruit mia 
don ne in the 3 185 contract wW 
orse 
er ripe ahd | 2 — eines: but it leads 
to the sa 
weet ju manner above | the Grapes a 
mentioned, the pressers i anxious to obtain | with the air, ‘the ue zotised m matter immediatel 
the juice always con- 
be separated, but at the same time various 2 
vegetable — — provionsly i in a soluble form, are 
rendere luble and precipitated. As — be 
which i 
uin. | azotised matter, but so long as the latter is protected hee — ode in juice is obtained, 
rgoes no change; when it a l portion of the w 
re crushed, and thin juice comes in contact | cellular tissue of the cane diffu ughout it ; a por- 
y be) io i es when it is allow: one re i 
ecompose, and the whole juice is soon in a state of cold receiver, —— to bei into the clari- 
the’| fermentation skin remains entire, —— fiers ; but the juice can never be i a cleared by 
d standing; and, besides, it is desirable to bring it to the 
but no chemieal‘change takes place. Fruits of all kinds clarifiers as quickly as possible, so o prevent the 
to- injured and begin to decompose, as soon as they hance o the commencement of fer 
me | bruised, or their skin punctur effect is maitily | tation, If these substances were the only impuri- 
ties containe he juice, they might tainly 
evil consequences. The lower part of the cane contains | caused by the influence of e oxygen on the 
5 
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8. 8 
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85 
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er 
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— 
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co 
Pi 
or 
a 
8 
lad 
£ 
oe 
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z 
Q 
8. 
E 
5 
-S 
m 
neentratio 
cane quantity o of pe cane juice: is 
cent a mills where only ripe cane is 
aing as much as 25 per cent., or one 
of 
the o 
physiological — — on whie 
erves mere 
adulterate it, and inerease the labour 2 purifying it, change. As soon as juice is expressed, by passing 
— —— the mill, the. soluble azotised a er whie 
about 18 
erushed, 
quarter o 
and spoil than 
gh e 
are 
e sugar which the juice contains. = 
* 8 
zg 
+s 
8 
F 
F 
re: 
aa 
=e 
5 
F 
as 
1 8 
P 
Ei 
8 
a 
ve 
tact with 
3 
mpo- ier * oxidation commeti¢es, and they are dir 1 Th 
contains | to det om the sugar, inducing a kind 
It er — a causing” the destructi i a a portion 
r | of the spea pa e 
ntity of su 
he | obtained from it, we sometimes find it stated that i it 
on and yields so much crystallisable sugar, and 
5 molasses, or unerystallisable e sugar ; 
it is 
50 much 
tant + 
in cer 
removed by filtration, but they are in fact only of 
8 importance, as compared 1 the azo ene 
ble form, 
n position of which would be considerably ncoelerated by by 
operation that would cause the juice to be more 
fully exposed to the atmosphere. It is of the first 
1 . — 
ui 
clarifier should be ee emptied, = otder to make 
— ſormed by the cane e, and 
ar in mind, however, that the Lale of fis eet 
- | as it runs from the mill, is in = state of pure cane or 
0 
nary mode of pee ete a sugar, those | struction of a 8 5 of ee 
the 
ton causes the immediate séparation of ail — — 
impurities, which are mechanically su rar in the 
r | cane juice; they act in fact _ sar —— ng liquid, 
or finings, used in the manu 
mation and | sugar, consequen e of“ ferme —0n the 25t Sth of June in the 
retion of s depend are — —— aside; sure to too high a temperature, and other — in tie present year some appeared in Savoy ; they were 
= resu adios ignorance, and the want of a littl at that time without wings, or, in other words, in the 
consideration. It joubtless true that a. t m It bvious, then, that. the 9 sere be | — a st tends to confi vations of 
of the evils.whieh to is very important ach acquainted with the nature and | certain es who assert they w them in ema 
branch of colonial ni ufacture, arise out of the manner azotised m jy aR ag. el 9 = numbers la ear. The larvee observed towards the 
in whieh the sugar éstates are too often managed, or | manner in 2 852 different substances act upon them, end of Ta covered the right bank of the Isère, about 
rathe 3 the arbitrary power of he agent | especially in inereasing or diminishing their ten 0 ds fi om the village of Po, near the town of St. 
or attorney being quite independent of the real interest to change. It is to be regretted that upon this very Pierre d' Albigny y advanced slo 
of the estate, ani indeed very often leading him to do important point, the information placed’ before them is over the gravel and rugged 2 of the bank, swimming 
the er 
more fatal in its results, because it is no one’s: 
to point out the evils, 
tration of its Ap Sep „has — 
the 
e worst possible . a a whie h is rendered still for the most part very defective. Mr. Wray, for in- across the 
stanca, who ioe tered i i 
coneerned, and b est able to correct euch abuses, 2 but a very ichpenfact lene wledge of e chemical nate ed wings; they subsequently dispersed after a 
of these affects are well exposed by Dr. Evans aud | of these substances, and this mita all his — evere storm which oceurred on the 22d ly. On 
r. — reasonings and — deductions of comparatively the 2 ugust some were picked up at Chambery, 
of the sugar cane is a solution of sugar, in little value. Thus he — together under one and on the Ath — were found even at Ai a the 
water, onion a small and variable quantity of other name, gluten and al n, observing that the planter | 26t July, M. G * 2 first o 
organic whic lly does not amount to will be pleased yà — that they are one and the served them, t hira were nearly all w ; there were 
more — about one hundredth part of the weiglit same substance ;” a statement which necessarily leads but few larvae. _ They were dispersed over t 
of the sugar itself. These substances are necessarily him into a variety of difficulties, as he bas - — b HERG) COVERING. M Space pf from 3000 to 
garded as impurities by the anufacturer, their to explain the 2 ulation of ve n by 4000 yards-long by about 50 e. The earth p 
d complete separation is the chief objeet whieh | heat, which is a very simple and intelligible elect, as over as strewed with their excrements; which, 
e has in view; and, in fact, the Whole operation of being the i A of gluten; in conseq in ſo colour, resem bl ains of cor e 
Sugar-boiling may be said chiefly to depend on the expulsion by heat of some et ga acid nhai — mical analysis of the excrements she them to be 
— maa = the azotised —— which the eane juice held it in solution. It i gh to mention this error, e wooly matter of the plants over which 
ins. ering the pie for which and to add that the author speaks throughout of glaten: — — damage done is fortunately 
in the | containing nitrogen in the form of ammonia, w it is — by MM. Gé nd Bonj 
© growth of the plant; and bearing in ov l that be expelled from it i ee pit to s 
mu 
before e wth o must not expeet tance from iceman. of the leaves of the s 
— — * 2 heg 2 chemical enge and in ‘explaining the . or removing oa difio — planz —— plants — little. The loeust ere 
Pass into the state of grape or unerystallisable sugar, it of the sugar manufacturer. When gluten, or albumen ‘Gdipoda migra — — ee ‘known 
18 not difficult ive th i the azotised — — dee 5 ammonia is for — of the pro- 8 visited aetati before it to be 
matters whieh juice contains. kemit A duets of its annei ee is a necessary con- found i in the Mine of Satara History’ of 8 darch were 
again to the composition of a seed, we sed > that i cannot cont 
