THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
Bex 9, 
wide bleak flat areg 0 — on a much higher | 
level than the land o view), without trees 
or bushes, and covered wah ‘blaek Ling. It w. 
. 2 pact view over many hundreds o 
ges bbits, the surface ¢lad with Ling 
Pi ead Porn, the wes sand hanging over the eres 
—— of wit ee 
Gainsborou e 
ooked down upon the gr — — war 
bot of the bill a dull flat extend 
of 
— dee 
If. spread upon t road level region o 
The foundation of pake a the new 
2 
=n 
“ee 
e Trent, and a ridge of the 
rises a. few ratty s on the western side of the 
river, in the Isle of Axholme, Upon the intermediate 
level of low sand once flourished a thick forest, now 
sub 
ortion 
ve diately adjoi the - Toms more 
8 been overspread by alluvium «€ 5 “natur 
deposited by the overflowin of 
became ci 
banal ee cut through, a 
semi. fluid or pulpy m 
tion was wl solid to bear men walking — = : upon the land; for if so, 
one 
nd, 6, 8, 105 or 12 feet i in depth. Upon this rey of 
0 
saw-edged Grass, Sedge, Water- flags, and Reeds many 
eet high grew — soil, which w 
„ graved for pea 
found, in som 
‘ocess. con 
few, und other trees, ‘nuts, a commission F < 
X i 1 4 
ue 
all one, as 
16 inches — A and i 
4 feet, soas to 
soil of any depth 
of mud of a 
besides sand; 
a 
average ; me 
mass, but remain in 
* compa 
as one 
therefine, be said to have occupied a: — in the course 
ment until the whole farm has bee 
i also subsi 
cending into this district I crossed these beds in 
* follor re order of suecession, on my way to the 
East. 
Hill of lias, limestone, and 
om n the flat of cand, peat 
. Springs pouring down 
Sand, light, loose, and either wet or hilly, 
— ß. , . 
eat not yet warped, In some places are sand-hills too 
elevated for the process, 
gs n T ͤ ͤ . ˙ — 
Artificial warp, on a somewhat higher level than the peat. 
The Stratum is 2,3, or more feet thick upon peat and 
Sobrn. 
— — — — 
1 St — soil, being the buttery clay cropping out, The 
slopes gently up the river, 
a dead level, but in reality 
„ being lower wherever 
Natural wa rp. apparently 
varying sey. severai feet in 8 
Bog ag current strong, and higher 
where the how's river ma 
Discharges northward, 
River Trent, 150 yards wide. 
, eg 
Wrst. 
As respects the state of this tract previous to = 
warping, the sand land I could raas of by the rem 
ing waste, which in the was producing 
nothing but Rushes, while the rest was g 
yellow-flowered Gorse; —— 
2 — showin t, from effects „ the 
eanty patches of it yet left are no te criterion | 
3 was. The es 
the rank Reeds 
bottoms. 
plantation 
nut, and 8 eamo 
siness 0 wore 
water floods, as the 
to all hs peta grounds. w 
and at firs 
t unge 
warped, is not of the smallest 
clay, sand, peat, * a barn floor. 
arp raises it in 4 
n hollows 
med, which 
He adds a 
unique.“ 
once; but two or three fields (when the land has b 
E under culture), are rege ‘an and — 
m 
r 
? 
time, then “get wien — Sos iat soon 
f near! 
sites ‘fence 
grounds; Kar around ti the comfortable tarpsta were 
us food that 
me years ve f e ue 
— of one of t 
sluice, consisting of two 
erust of a | 
| roots strike 95 i ie moor, 
the poisonous 
P 
wet e co. Seige 
o Theni bank—the 
h 
ear eaning against this herr and at intervals of 
ing it—L arrived at th 
he — — warping drains, 
“gates, po 
overto 
Here was 
was then 
— 
Pie water Bm is not held forci 
ces, 2, 3, or 
— ‘te whole — level. Thus 
— 
vast ea though, containing not much 
8 
erience has shown 
telligent warp land water at every ebb. 
every second a the 
black subsoil man igre its Rea glee propert 
ckly up age the ditch 
of the 
many Put ch-Iooking o 
inting to the river 
80 as to exclude the — unless held ee for the pur 
admitting them. As — —— 
fed ein 
ese being dried for fuel — — 
ould ven 
e places, compressed quite hard with the 
ists in admitting the tide at high 
sand-hills, where e and horses e rabbit-warren; the soil k bei 
-| When the work o — 3 the — often 1 or 2 feet higher than on the other. A walk 
boiled up al — bottom of the cut ins; about 2 miles brought me to g works, where 
and, wh p 1 was d from the 50 in one compartment were undergoing the pro- 
river, rose up (like the “ Floating Island“ in Derwent nd was still more singular 
ke) 0 dam before it. Men were em- and 8 at work with ploughs and other imple. 
ployed to traverse the flooding ti boats, and cut | m ne side of a fence, and a 
the sw: ming es, which subsided when the — ee on the other, 9 a little way = 
water beneath was thus let out. It sunk into a thin mora just newly warped, its wet salt surface 
band under the augmenting soil of mud, and has been grips and glistening br rightly in the — 
— a tall “bullfinch” hedge. 
spr — „verdantlyp around; and B 
cove ea 
Th ng 
water to deposit the warp with which it is loaded, and 
it to run off 
A 
* here and there, 
e 
e | while 
8 5 
o 4 
© 
n 
e 
8 
partm 
as not yet com pletely warped, part still remaining as 
din ngy moor bearing Sedge and Bulrushes, and barren 
sand clad seantily with Heath and Furze, The greater 
portion was under toot shoals and flats of slime ap- 
clothed in spots with vegetation, 
is 8 ormed upon an inland tract of 
panty des ig’ s0 Rae ere eb m “change o ge 
new mars 
the sae — 
43 ma suficient! elevated, open ogs are 
in the side of jst 1 enone and by smal 
cuts and guiding e crests 155 whale es an 
Eip deposit. en the a 
taken in), commence 8 land is looked 
made lowest places. 
. pe rhaps 
specting the laws f tidal action in forming s 
and xe aa great foresight and continual care are re- 
qu nired i 
are dug at fre 
equent in he new 
the 
by 
assistance of ne a s salt may be 15 out of ad 
a main ou the 
at 
es by |s 
There ar 
- re but nigh gain a a fall “of three 
‘How 
til their 
and aa famish upon 
e 
tidal 
85 
em. 
to pla TAR 
and the war ~~ 
a 3 
| ofthe main 
— piel self. -acting sluive-doors 
e 
outfall holding oat ate 
in onde 
any 3 ns acres 0 of alluvium 
„North Britain, rich be 
y “has not a 
“te en walt pari’ out in nti low- Di peats and dead- le 
E — outfall is inefficient + but a 
within rea hardly: a any of — agen 
or more feet 
etter system of district drainage, by an imp 9 
arteries, inland and chief b to seat 
mers. vi nds 2 
ed and 
as the mellow 
dae — we sand —— 
e mss Fanii vias xe 
ing 
nly t a ee en 
portant variations in the prod „Power 0 f 
spots of the same soil, miy 2255 sso conditions ie 
the oP inéqualities different dis igs : 
50 
ht erop on the vg i Clover ao oh de 
warping-field 5 
4 
