772 THE 
GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
Dc. 7 
2 
almost forgotten. There is a E class. 
was impossible not to be 
accomplished. 
the scheme is in abe 2 ance. 
t stopped the natural drainage. 
ased with some speci- | loa 
m has been somewhat of a heavy texture, 
one or two feet of rotten —— I wonder what sta ro 
bo: in, rds porosity an 4 7 
From this rapid sketch it will be seen not o 
what can be done, but what is being — 
rural distri 
rega 
h has been subjected to this treatment for a 
rs. 
I at once admit no artificial mixture can produce a 
soil so fitted to drain — — those natural d ——— on 
If at the same time -= hedge-sparrows, one nightingale, three re 
the 
redstarts, three 
reed-sparrows, two Baraa two whin- san two tit- 
wo larger an lesser white 
vil 
- | larks, two woodlarks, 
thro one pair a wagtails, grey or 2 
With the single . of = last-named 
recommen 
respected; and 
blished ooh which there can ‘be 
illed birds last particula: 
rve, that a close eye should be kept on tas bi biae, tite 
— the hedge-sparrows e former are 'y Spite- 
ful if they cannot gets an — 4 of their most 
favouri ces they will, 
sometimes, like our friend the cx ox-eye, a too close 
survey of their . head; break it open; and 
ill. uc th 
work is a good work indeed—that in the same p e sete tea e Vin 7 = ee 8 can th 
7 g su of a made er 
Portion that the wind eart are well taught, mixed. Clots of black sour humus, mixed with lumps 
the himself come a better member f loam, consolidated into a e 4 
society. Is not this an end Which all ought to pro- substitute for that 9 et of 
te? each influential inhabitant of a parts found on rich natural soils: Even the same soils, 
only say to hi ILL tay”—and i hen removed and mixed with other — ts, have 
ne. a tendeney to become sour, and never drain themselves 
so perfectly, as remaining on origina 
I consider that when healthy and permanent Vines 
ON NATURAL ates ARTIFICIAL VINE are wished for, more loam, and that of a sand re, 
ERS. should enter into the re a of er bes e and on 
deseri Vine ws with | that a large portion of the fo ngs e intimately | w 
2 ur, and pions ot sy ihe- ps of fruit, with | incorporated with it, viz., charcoal dust, d ter, 
put little or no Beistand in the way of manure—such wood ashes, and soot. anure is used should be 
8 Droe 3 -> ae! 0 a . aaa map fe is 2 the sweer 
the tha Ping eC 8 
7 (notions by gonr kari others in led lng f large to well rotted, and mixed with the p A 
Now, as large nu of artificial borders are failures, | will be found one of the best materials for a sound 
it is surely worth the Je to examine the difference | healthy border 
ween such Vine soils, and those compounds In preference to 1 the bottom, I would 
which, when thrown together, go to form, what may be to res 
d, a modern Vine bo 
ing the two Vines correspondent 
as exhibiting what the Vine will do eeehe on a 
suitable to its wants, it will und that both grow on 
light sandy loam resting on the 
Lon basin, while at Hampton 1 
u soil 
err mmend the 
rough paving stones, N 
more, according to the 
of 
on 3 description of 
ugh walls, 1 foot or 
situ asic; ‘thes forming a series 
deserption 1 vould then apra concrete the surface. 
vel, lime and coal as es made into mortar, an 
spread 2 2 ine . think in addition, when the above is 
Gey, i eee a à coat tof gas tar over the surface ; this 
requires for its growth. e fertilisi 
matter are omens distributed through the 
is no . Boaz such sọ 
together, 
— 2 to run 
— 8 eg ye earth, while the finely divided 
and 
© 
3 2 
S 
8 
ing 
much freedom, a and 
Sarli ction. 
rete is lai 
re 8 it can be done to aay pcos by ft 5 
porti all agree the drier the has an infinite v 
sour; pal’ ‘facility is afforded | bo e, 
outside e 
to feet wide), and yet Vines — never 
indications of havi i 
B 
e ee off rain; common 3. inch e 
pipes are placed aoe in the border previously, 
pie stand 1 inch above ve surface, — the 
on. r the 
In winter. 
a 
st, 1848, the border of 
e border being only 2 
shown the 
req more, irrespective 
ge of having in — climate $ the roots of 
the Vine under control as respects Another 
point gained by concreting, is the additional heat the 
| border gains by the absorption of solar heat. 
a re one a border conereted as I have 
nerease, at 12 inches € deep, of 
than either a gravelly i ora well denied 6 clay one. Mau 
of these soils are in potash, from ee fewer maa 
mixed with 9 8 of the fuller’s-eart! The 
best natural soils for the Vine are those fo Beori by the 
decomposition of volcanic rocks, such being g ra ly 
of a dry, porous quality, and are rich in inorganic 
matter—a sure criterion, organic matter is present 
as we 
n, being the nature of those soils on which ae 
ach, t 
the Vine e in the greatest perfection, it would 
of b 
Sale 
r their healthy developement. 
tional advantage of t the concrete is its preventing the 
border becoming co walking over it, and 
consequently its porosity is preserved. I say nothing 
of the disadvantage ascribed to it, from its sup 
ae of eee roe air to the border, = use I 
lieve the ee impossible; and on the p N 
escribed above, air has access at all times un 
the sence 11 it is required, bee i believe it is not. 
my 
have | of A 
e | when caught, refuse every te 
; before they can be “ fed o 
mero 
; and precisely in that positon most 
pem An addi- | heads. 
swallow its conte i 
is not uniformly pb ag if, thereto, you observe. 
in them no disposition to fight, y may give them the 
entreé. They area ay bied, of a good presence, 
and have a rich mellow song. 
The water-wagtail is another 8 bir 
will ru ountain wi 
h 
will perniaps p sea en the grov: 
other “ warblers” I need not here comment upon. 
shall have“ lots” say of them at a proper season. 
it may not be irrelevant to call attention 
at this time to the blue tit,’ already noticed. is 
a most diverting little e readers 
variety of these and as I “owe 
for mo, hours of 8 eee 1 
tion. 
be | now w discharge m 
mt question is,. how, gem and ere, - 
proc ate JOA r birds. for the avi The best se 
for the Hard. billed hele are 
then in what is termed “ Fight“ During these 
8 — about the 10th 
the same localities. 
How to select your birds, 22 discriminate the males 
per 
to adapt it to the- peculiar 
inma 
With me, ro a death in the family was the ex- 
ception, n ` the rule: — is — a lived—till the rats 
eprived me of t n old age.” I loved 
them — they Brel ch, a fondly Now, nil nisi 
fiere William Kidd, New 
meminisse — est. 
Road, ——— th. 
specimens of the back cap, and ™ two or thee" cole-tits, 
marsh-tits ; 
two garden warb ers, three 
T A 
sup at in the formation t certainly looks mewhat. unsi d g summer, 
its growth, some approximation would be made . but a few pots of flowering on set on it during ——— 
them by making the borders fo m , if not | summer, and a slight coat of Fern or thatch during GARDENS IN THE NORTH OF ENGLAND, 
all, of me constituents ; or in other words, forming | winter, will do away with its formal appearance. I am SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND.— No. V. 
„ w. ht, dry, shallow soil.“ I this, map. cough to hope that it will much simplify the Glasnevin.—These gardens were plished 
however, much labour and expense have culture of the Vine when practised. John Spencer, in 1790, and are sup by ntary 
4 in making ers, in which the Vine refuses 5 thrive Bowood Par . grant to the Royal Dublin Society; but, as this 
at all. has lately been redu of the gar- 
What I may term artificial Vine borders BRITISH SONG BIRDS. den are much diminished : very lately, however, ® 
rally composed of various ingredients, of which loam, | No. VIII.—As many persons will have i nge of c ught-iron con- 
dung, and some dry material, as brickbats, mo tastes of their 3 to gratify, and prefer some birds servatories, at a cost of 50004, heto bees 
fe cary considered as the principal. To before others, my umbers and selections | being defrayed by the Govern and the other 
some add carrion, or other similar substances, are, of course, 8 e arbitrary. 1000 supplied by the Royal Dablin lin Society, but chiefiy 
materials to It would be advisable to have not fewer than four raised by subscription. The Professor of Botany 
aberdevines, fo hes, four , and four delivers two courses of first at 
mers. One will be sufficient, and he | the Royal Dublin s Society’s house, the second at the 
must be put in ay nestling. After ens: besides g the plants for o illustra- 
or year, these birds get spiteful; and they then | tion of these lectures, the Prof of Botany at the 
u, the Vine commit awful havoc among the small fry, ing | Roy of Surgeons and at the Apothecares 
erops of Gra et ha coup de bouche ; still, however, they sing | Hall are supplied, and th yo 
ears, whe ena and pipe so melodiously, that one is worth the | st Design i Tarnished. from 5 Government School ©, 
destroyed, b time | ven | these gardeus with plants an 
oes PE — d choice W Cees Box of the pup! + 
8 parts, and will have partially, r not 38 
week, „ s the 
