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5 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 



69 



rm 



general way so badly executed. It may be perL «, 



it is true, to suit the planter's pocket, but without any 

 regard to the interest of the person who employs him. 

 In this, however, the employed are not so much to 

 blame, for he is screwed down to the last farthing ; no 

 margin is left for him, nor even a reasonable profit. 

 Possessors of such residences are led to believe, that 

 planting is efficient, when the borders are covered, and 

 a formidable display of plants is exhibited. Their kinds 

 are not questioned — their suitableness never considered, 

 shrubs are shrubs, all the world over ; and as long 

 as there is abundance of them, parties feel that they 

 are not taken in. They are to a great degree ignorant of 

 the fact, that all kinds of plants will not thrive equally 

 irel] in every soil. Rhododendrons and Kalmias are, 

 on that account, thrust into clay to languish and ulti- 

 mately to disappear. Weeping Willows are placed 

 in sand-banks the first season which, together with 

 other circumstances, in their train entail disap- 

 pointment and disgust. But in the case of the soil 

 being good, we then have Laurustinus perishing under 

 Limes, Laurels smothering Azaleas, Portugal Laurels 

 and Hollies obstructing walks, or blinding windows • 

 in short, it would appear, that villa residences are 

 planted with a total ignorance of the relation which 

 plants have to particular situations. In this kind of 

 gardening, apparent economy is indisputable extra, 

 vagance ; there can be no economy wherein the object 

 to be attained is frustrated. How different would 

 be the result, were these matters entrusted to com- 

 petent persons, whose reputation depended upon the 

 proper execution of the work ?— and under such 

 control, how different also would be the general 

 aspect of our residences? In such cases, the first 

 consideration with a planter of experience, would 

 fce to examine the soils, and to employ such plants 

 only as wou d thrive vigorously in it. Those requiring 

 peculiar soils, such as American plants, must have a 

 congenial compost prepared for them, otherwise they 

 will only become objects of pity. The next point wiil 

 De tneir proper disposition, at the same time having an 

 cTJL con T rath ; e ^wth, as well as to other 



inpTZ ?*' SU , Ch . aS thdr c <> nti g"ity to walks, build- 



m8.S ? w v* 1 V , ieWS ' These matters 8hould be well 



matured beforehand, which they are sure to he by one 

 ^understands his business. The gross absurdities 



w^XZ^r^ 1 !,^ 8 in kyin S 0Ut vil,a residences 

 Pk££ obviated, or at all events much alleviated. 



difference which occasionally exists in the thickness of 

 the barks. When perfectly taken, the inarched portion 

 ia separated from its parent stem, as explained in 

 treating of the Monceau inarch ins:. 



Fig. 5. 



and again in June. 





GRAFTING. 



JSo. V. Sylviin Inarching (Greffe Syhain) , fin 4_ 

 Tbs mode of inarching ig m ^ e * J a ii 4 > or 



uniting lozenges made with fruit-trees, Pear and Apple 

 ^trained as vases, of which the excessive vigour is 

 reaped for the extension of the leading branches • 



ESi • P m 1 co ™ munica tion and unites the different 



partsm a remarkable manner. We may also pSse 

 this mode on trees with strong stems Being p Wed .t 

 some distance, bend their head towards eSffoSS" L 



^ZTU "?! at this P° int a ^espon^ 

 notch in each, like that represented at A, and unite tht 



SX a L at B ; a ? d if the ^ are thick > s ^e Sei^ntlct 

 Jrih a strong nail, which should always be prefer? to 



ZS V ro ™ edm S may also serve for economical pur- 

 poses, such as we have described in the preceding^ 

 ™« : I am astonished that this simnle mod* «f JnLu 



After this we cut back the heel, which has hitherto 

 served as a point of attachment for the ligature, and 

 a magazine for the sap which has aided in uniting the parts 

 inarched. If we wish to perform this mode of inarch- 

 ing on a large tree, of which the top has been broken 

 by the winds, we plant near it a young one, and this 

 can be inarched on the broken trunk as above indicated 

 excepting that instead of being sloped, it is cut 

 horizontally. M. Thouin states that this mode is em- 

 ployed in the good climate of Caux ; but in many 

 other places they prefer crown grafting such trees in 

 the manner described by Pliny ; others prefer grubbing 

 them up. Translated from the French of D'AlhreU 



will then be proper to put them under glass, but at the 



same time give as much air as possible in fine weather • 



the buds will now begin to show themselves ; not more 



than one or two should be allowed to remain on each 



branch ; liquid manure may at this time be applied with 



advantage ; under such treatment, a fine show 



of blooms may be confidently expected, even in the 



most unfavourable seasons. Such as do not desire 



specimen plants or cut flowers for exhibition, I 



would recommend to plant their cuttings in the 



open ground at the end of April ; to stop them in May, 

 ^a __._,_ ,_ *__ By the end of g eptember they 



>vm ue nne large plants ; and as soon as the buds be<nn 

 to swell, they may be taken up with a good ball of earth 

 and planted in 1 1 or 9-inch pots, and plunged in the 

 open ground for 8 or 10 days, during which time they 

 should be well watered every day, to prevent flagging ; 

 after that time they may be removed to the conservatory, 

 which they will ornament till the month of January. 



The following varieties will be found most proper for 

 Specimen Plants, Cut Blooms, and Conservatories; 

 each of these purposes is distinguished by its initials 



Annie Salter, S., C.B., and C, 

 yellow. 



Astree Brillant, C. B. and C,, 



jellow buff. 

 Beauty, C. B., blush. 

 Biscio, C, violet carmine. 

 Christine, S., C. B., and C, 



rose peach, 



Campestroni, C. B. and C, 



deep rose. 

 Calypso, C. B. and C, peach. 

 Cloth of Gold, C, golden 



yellow. 



Defiance, S., C. B., and C, 



white. 

 Dupont de L'Eure, S., C. B., 



and C, purple and orange. 

 Duke, C. B. and C, blush. 

 Doria, C. B. and C, yellow. 

 Duchesse d'Aumale, C, white. 

 Fleur de Marie, S., C. B., and 



C, white anemone. I 



Golden CJuster, S., C. B., and 



C, golden yellow. 

 Gluck, S., C. B., and C, 



yeliow anemone. 

 Goliah, C. B. and C, white.; 

 General Morceau, C. B. and &.. 

 buff. 



Jenny Lind, S., C. B., and C, 

 sulphur white. 



Imperial, C. B. and C, blush. 



King, C. B., rose. 



King of Ciimsons, C, deep 

 crimson. 



Lysias, S., C. B., and C, red- 

 dish salmon. 



Lady Talfourd, C., pure white- 

 Lady Hunloke, C. B. and ~'-> 

 buff and orange. 



L'Auge Gardien, C, ^iiite. 



Madame Poggi, S_ 0. B., and 



use 



Fig. 4. 







menT;^^^ 



inarch 



ots 



an 



stnnL- in " i ^y ceea a** lollows:— Cut 



TLlu^ tl ^ direction opposite to 



base 



album 



** Proportioned in thl '• ?™ ensi °ns should always 



^t theWr of \n ™LT ? the part to be inarc1 ^ ; 

 *» union i a mI^^JT"' Md ™*te the parts 



JB m sometimes difficult, on account of the 



THE CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM. 

 This is a plant which will amply repay the amateur 

 for all the care he may bestow upon it. Bloomin* at 

 a season when most other flowers are on the wane, it 

 may truly be called *' the last flower of autumn ; * by 

 it, a greenhouse or conservatory, during the dullest 

 months of the year, may be made as attractive as at 

 any other period. Until very lately few persons were 

 aware of the perfection to which it might be brought by 

 proper cultivation. Being perfectly hardy it was allowed 

 to remain in the open ground throughout the year. This 

 has been the principal cause of failure, amateurs forgetting 

 that, although the winters of its own climate were as cold 

 as our own, yet the summer heat was much greater, and 

 consequently the blooming season was accelerated. It is 

 one thing to grow a plant, but another to bloom it in 

 perfection. In our variable climate it is not possible to 

 reckon with certainty upon fine weather in October and 

 November, without which the buds formed in Septem- 

 ber will not attain perfection ; and frequently the early 

 frosts of October cripple them altogether. To over- 

 come these difficulties it is necessary to place the plants 

 under glass as soon as the flower-bud begins to expand • 

 but it must be borne in mind that air is as necessary as 

 light or heat. By such means the flower may be en- 

 joyed in perfection from October until January, and 



the greenhouse will present a succession of gay and varied 

 colours. 



The Chrysanthemum shows at Stoke Newington in 

 1849 and 1850, have done much to bring this beautiful 

 autumnal flower into notice ; in fact, none but those 

 who were present on those occasions can form any 

 idea of the size, beauty, or symmetry to which, under 

 proper treatment, it may attain. What Messrs. James, 

 Taylor, ^ Lockner, Sanderson, and other amateurs of 

 that neighbourhood have done will, next season, be 

 attempted m other localities, and exhibitions of Chrysan- 

 themums will, ere long, be as popular as those of the 

 Dahlia or Pelargonium. 



To such as intend growing specimen plants or cut 

 flowers for competition, it will be necessary to prepare 

 good rooted cuttings in April. These should be planted 

 singly in 5-mch pots, in good rich soil, and plunged in a 

 warm, airy situation. By the middle of May they should 

 be stopped and shifted into larger pots. To insure dwarf 

 h,,«hv nWo they should be again stopped in June, *£* 



into larger pots to bloom. Duri^ the 

 summer months they must never be ^ owea * to 

 flag. If this once takes place th- lower leav< ?s 

 will assuredly fall, and all hor— °f fine specimens 

 will be destroyed ; toward* *&• middle of September, 

 the plants will have »«*med their full growth, and it 



Madame Comerson, S. and C.* 

 crimson tipped gold. 



Madame Godereau, C. B. and 

 C, blush anemone. 



Medusa, S. and C, rosy car- 

 mine. 



Nancy de Sermet, S. f C.B., and 



C t , white anemone. 

 Pilot, S., C. B., and C, bright 



rose. 



Princess Marie, S., C. B., and 

 C, rose. 



Pio nono, S., C. B., and C., 

 crimson-tipptd gold. 



Pygmaleon, S. and C, rose car- 

 mine. 



Peruvienne, S. and C, deep 



yellow. 



Prince of Wales, C, red sal- 

 mon. 



Phidias, New, C. B. and C, 



rose and white. 

 Queen of England, S., C. BI, 



and C, blush. 

 Rebecca, S , C.B.,and C, pearli, 



Rabelais, 0. B., reddish car- 

 mine. 



Sulphureum Pallidum, C., yel- 

 low anemone. 



Sydenham, S. anrf C., light red 

 crimson. 



Temple de ^iomon, S., C. B. f 

 and C, 2/rinht yellow. 



Two-Co-^ured Incurved, C.B., 

 re i* and yellow. 



rjwinus, C. B. and C, rosy 

 yellow. 



Vesta, S„ C. B. f and C, white, 

 Vulcain, S., C.B., and C, deep 



crimson. 

 Vortigern, S., C. B., and C#, 



dark crimson. 

 Warden, C. B., orange. 



C, crimson. 



John Saltrf, F.H.S., Versailles Nursery, Hammersmith 

 Turnp&e. 



Home Correspondence. 



A Useful Cabbage. — In the summer of 1847, I had 

 presented to me a handful of Cabbage seeds by Mr. 

 Charles Fames, late of St. John's-street, Smithfield, in 

 order that I might, with him, further test the quality of 

 the then new variety since named the "Enfield 

 Market." These seeds were sown in the third week of 

 July, of that year, in a freshly-dug, and finely pulverised 

 border, and as the weather set in very hot and dry, I 

 covered the bed with an old mat, pegging it down, to 

 prevent its removal by wind. Treated in this way, the 

 seeds germinated quickly, and the mat was then removed. 

 The plants were pricked out into a nursery bed, about 

 the middle of September, 4 inches apart, and in rows 

 6 inches asunder. They remained here till the first 

 week in March, of the following year, only receiving an 

 occasional stirring between the plants, after heavy rains, 

 when the soil had become sufficiently dry for that pur- 

 pose. Under these circumstances, the watering-pot was 

 never needed. The quarter into which they were planted 

 had been well trenched and ridged during the winter 

 and it was broken down to receive the plants early in 

 March. They were placed in rows 20 inches apart, and 

 the plants stood 12 inches asunder in the rows. They 

 soon got established, and, in a short time, made a goodly 

 display, forming a plantation 22 yards long by 9 yards 

 wide. From this area, an early supply of slimmer 

 Cabbages of medium growth was obtained, free from 

 coarseness, very fleshy, mild in flavour, ha ving compact and 

 solid hearts, very uniform, and in every respect by far ^he 

 best and most serviceable vegetable of the Brassic* ^ibe I 

 possessed. Mr. Ken wick, then manager of the tfrmfrom 

 which I received the seeds, stated that I should need no 

 other variety,and so it has since proved r ^rits earliness, 

 hardiness, and continuance thoroup^y justify me in 

 asserting that I require no othc* After the summer 

 cutting its disposition is to ra~' oduce * constant supply, 

 each plant making thre* or four nice compact and 

 hearted heads, and e^ a a f ter these are removed it 

 makes an effort to j AeJ d a third crop, as may be seen in 

 my Cabbage o-***** at the present time. The same 

 treatment }** been continued each season since I first 



possible, with increased 



receiv' 

 «*«» cess 



shifted 



Er . une sowing, one pricking out, and one plant- 



ing have sufficed to provide for my demands (14 of » 

 family), during the past summer. Mr. Cuthill, in his 

 papers on Market Gardening, omits to mention the kinds 

 of Cabbages generally grown round London, but I am 

 aware that the Enfield Market is highly prized by all 

 who hare tried it (for it is yet comparatively new}. I 



know that one grower alone sowed 16 lbs. of seed of it 



