: 

 Hi 



THE ^nirin.TTIUAL GAZETTE. 



~" . . 7 » x :„ thp. latter case. 1 snouia recommend « — ■— ■ 



" u- ZT£* leader .... me. of Ceres, or winch , but in the " ^ ^ 



n inytelf to the teuUtr >g ^ tho quantity «>i 1 eas oi beat s to d g 



should recommend a small there is not much wind, and that they should be 



ST 2T o7 '£ "rural deities presides over 



dmink* of » Air/ ^ 

 flM ^ WMB / of Sheep tn East Kent. 



Seeing a short 



\" _,„ / A f which I am a subscriber) of the *nn 



Si'iTt Tbanet, and in many parts of East Kent 

 %^t \Ve buythe lambs at Kearney or Hamstreet 

 2ta bV* m esman or ourselves, or of upland breeders 

 fc to ^ ^ the latter part of August or first part 

 SSite Fold them a few days after the journey, 

 i?SSSS roweo, (which most of us have), then let 

 *em An re? the 'grattens, [ P ? y tell us what - gra t- 

 2?' ^d « rowens "are ! J attended by a boy, for winch 

 w At night they he 





%cnL Nursery and Seedsman, Stochcith, Gainsborough. 



Slipping Calves and i^.-Havingbeen entirely free 

 from such occurrences on my farm, I was induced to 

 consider the cause of this exemption, and believe I have 

 arrived at a sound conclusion ; but throw out a few re- 

 marks, to elicit from your various correspondents some 

 evidence on this important subject. I believe ioul 

 water to be a principal cause of these mishaps, having 

 observed that where pure water is given there is an 



deli Ye ^ 

 "tear to % 



of tht 



week. 



Bean 

 We do 



he is paid la per week. A night tney lie m fold lu 

 the before-menUoned Saintfoin, changing the fold once a 



As soon the food gets scanty, they are then put 

 .on the Cole (after Peas), or white Turnips, changing 

 them every two or three days (lambs are best on a 

 variety), giving them at the same time Pea or 

 *traw, and at times Clover hay (second heads). 

 not mind wasting a fold or two at first, till hey get 

 into the way of eating Turnips as a boy picks them up, 

 and thev are carted into the yard for the hogs. In the 

 spring about the beginning of April, they are sent down 

 to the marshes, (Barton Valley, Minster, &c, &c ), 

 there remain till October, when they come to the 

 upland again, and are put on Swede Turnips, first 

 having cut Clover hay (second head), with 1} gallon 

 common salt sprinkled in it ; the above quantity is 

 sufficient for a cart-load (to the floats). After a fort- 

 night they are draughted off, the best, about 50 or 60, 

 -. ording to the size of the flock, and feed a little 

 higher than the rest ; the refuse having } pint of Peas 

 or Oats a day each, the best } to 1 pint each, and one 

 bushel of ground oilcakes to two score. We sell these 

 all out by the time the Turnips are gone (April), and 

 the lambs bought this year are sent to marsh, and re- 

 turn the following autumn to be fattened. When very 

 wet weather during the time of fattening, we litter a 

 comer of the field with straw ; those that have pasture 

 Ian i pat them upon it for the time. A Young Agricul- 

 turist. 



Tis 



almost total exemption, whilst the most numerous cases 

 occur (particularly in Herefordshire) where the animals 

 drink at ponds receiving the drainage of the farm-yard. 

 That which is but slightly injurious to the mother, evi- 

 dently destroys the foetus, I am not sure that foul air 

 and want of ventilation have not an evil tendency, 

 quite certain, I have experienced, that young calves 

 have been destroyed in a night, by a vitiated atmosphere 

 that has not apparently injured the more robust parents. 

 So particular are cattle and sheep about water, that 

 having tarred the joints of a slate cistern, the animals 

 refused the food saturated by the water from this 

 cistern. Although some farmers consider foul ponds 

 non-injurious, I know a case where a mare, unused to 

 such liquid, was nearly destroyed by it. /. J. Mechi, Feb. 



[You are probably aware of the pernicious 

 effects of ergot -a disease to which the Grasses are 



from the machine or the hand, placed rather 

 soil, otherwise the smallest and most valuabl 

 seeds may be carried by the wind into the a V ^ 

 field or hedgerow. The harrows, which should V 1 * 

 light, must be again drawn over after sowing aJT-J*? 

 soil is very light and dry, the roller also ; if the soB L ** 

 a dressing of Peruvian guano or superphosphate mil 

 harrowed in with the seeds, attiie rate of 2 cwt i* 

 The sorts of seeds should, 6f course, be selected^ 

 accordance with the nature of the soil, and the pimyJ! 

 +,* mfou& fhfi ns«tam is intended. This and muchtk!! 



may be obtained from «i!z? 

 Elements of Agriculture," « Stephens' Book of 

 Farm," * Sinclair's Hortus Granliniensis; , and <_ 

 works ; or from seedsmen and agriculturists who hZ 

 paid especial attention to this part of botany and 

 culture. *" * ~ 



to which the pasture is intended, 

 useful information may be 



and o$g 



20, 1851. 



more generally liable than was once supposed.] 



What ought Landlords and Farmers to do! By Ph. 

 Pusey, M.P. for Berkshire. John Murray, Albemarle- 



street. 

 The editorship of the " English Agricultural Journal," 



is not the least of the services which Mr. Pusey has done 

 to English agriculture. The task of preparing the index 

 of its first eight volumes having been confided to us, no 

 one is better able than ourselves to testify of the rich 

 mine of agricultural wealth which those volumes con- 

 tain. The collection of the valuable papers which make 

 up the contents of the work, has been conducted by in- 

 telligence enough to secure to its readers the earliest 

 trustworthy novelties in the agricultural world, and by 

 judgment enough to save them from most of the extra- 

 vagances with which it abounds. A sound view of the 

 connection between the sciences on which agriculture 

 rests, and the practices of which it consists, has always 

 conducted Mr. Pusey through the duties of his post, so 

 that he has been a safe guide for the large body of 

 readers whom he has influenced ; and his journal has, 

 undoubtedly, been the leading agricultural periodical 

 throughout the 10 years of its existence. 



The pamphlet named above is the " leading article 15 

 of the current volume of this journal. It attempts to 

 concentrate the light of all the past volumes upon the 

 present position of agriculturists. And a very instruc- 

 tive and satisfactory light it gives. The present position 

 of chemistry and meteorology, in relation to agriculture, 

 is described, the present state of agricultural mechanism 

 Before covering the manure, sow two hun- I is pointed out, the means which the landowner possesses 



p^™,„.«« mm* .* «, of improving the soil are referred to ; and the details of 



farming, under the heads of ' Management of Manure,'* 

 " Foulness of Land," " Winter Cropping," wish refer- 

 ence to some of the cultivated plants, are discussed. 



The first and second sections of the review are very 

 interesting and useful in guiding to a correct estimate of 

 theory ; but it is in the latter and more practical portion of 

 his performance that Mr. Pusey's statements will be most 



If corn is sown with the Grass seeds, it dj£ 

 not be more than 1 or 1£ bushels to the acre of cwt 

 and for this purpose Oats are preferable to Barley. (5 

 Improving Old Pastures. — Having as far as po^u! 

 eradicated the strong growing weeds and coarse Graa* 

 and improved the condition of the land according to2 

 requirements if any, heavy harrows should be°dran 

 over the old turf early in the spring, to loosen the soj 

 for the admission of seeds of the finest and most nutria* 

 kinds of perennial natural Grasses and Clovers, *hii 

 if sown freely, will occupy the numerous small a 

 terstices between the plants of Grasses already growiar 

 and thereby prevent the luxuriant growth of com, 

 Grasses and noxious weeds. It is a good practice ti 

 these seeds at the same time as the top-dressic? j 

 applied, but this is by no means necessary. f m 

 Messrs. SuttorCs " Catalogue of Natural Grass Setd t "j* 

 published. ' 



0* the Culture of the Mangold Yfurul.— The Mangold 

 V* urzel is probably one of the most useful vegetables 

 «ver introduced into the country, particularly the Yellow 

 <i lobe, and long rooted yellow kinds ; and there can be 

 little doubt that, as it becomes better known, it will be 

 more generally cultivated. One great reason that con- 

 tinues to operate against it is, the cfimculty, not only of 

 obtaining a crop, but of getting the s< ;d to vegetate. 

 If tho following instructions be attended to (the result 

 of three years' practical observation) no one need fear 

 to realise a crop, which, of all others, is the most 

 valuable for feeding stock — namely, beasts, sheep, and 

 Digs. Rules for preparing the Ground for the Seed : — 

 Let the ground be well ploughed or dug to a good depth 

 in autumn. About the first week in April, let the land 

 be thrown into ridges, as for planting Potatoes ; manure 

 it well with good yard manure, say, from 10 to 12 tons 

 per acre. 



dred weight of the best Peruvian guano broadcast over 

 the whole ; thou let the ridges be closed, and rolled 

 down with a light roller, just enough to level and press 

 their surface ; after which, let the holes be made with a 

 dibble two inches deep, and 12 inches from each other, 

 to receive the seed, which should be prepared as follows : 

 Preparing the Seed for Sowing : — For an acre of land, 

 take four pounds of good seed, of the true Yellow Globe, 

 or the New Long Yellow ; but this must depend upon 

 Ihe quality of the land. If it be of a light moor or bo 

 Wnd, I should recommend the Long Yellow ; but if 

 otherwise, the Yellow Globe. A few days before the 

 land is ready, place the seed in a pail, then add as much 

 water as will cover it ; to which 'add six ounces of the 

 beet Peruvian guano, and stir well together. In this 

 State, let it remain 36 hours, stirring it up well twice a 

 day. After which, tak$ a wet cloth, lay it on a warm 

 p*ace, and spread the seed upon it, to the thickness of 

 about two inches ; cover it down with another wet cloth, 

 taking care to keep both cloths damp. Stir up the seed 

 one© a day, until it begins to sprout, which it will do in 

 four or five days, if kept warm. You may then com- 

 mence dibbling the seeds, say, one or two in a hole • 

 after this just close the whole down with the head of a 

 mrden rake \\ hen the plants are up two inches high, 

 should any of the seed have missed, draw out from those 

 places where there may be two together, and fill up the 

 vacancies, taking care to leave the best plant undisturbed. 

 Both g more need be done but to keep the ground clear 



°lZ!t T l ^r 1 **' When y° u ma ? commence 

 E?#T3f ?••£** eaVeS f ° r - vour 9tock > sav, about 



METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.— Febrdabt. 



(Continued from page 125.) 

 [By an accidental oversight, the note at the foot of our Ik 

 week's report was misplaced ; it should have been iow* 

 after the storm marked {J, and have had the date February II, 

 attached to it.— En.] 



Date. 





Tues. 18 

 19 



20 



Time. 



Wind, and Remuis, 





5 p.m. 29.97 



• • • 



21 



7.15 a.m. 



midnight, 

 7.20 a.m. 

 2.45 p.m. 



2 a.m. 

 10.40 p.m. 



22 10.5 a.m. 



<r 



- 



m.tn ihful % 7 v Ch ma >' be d0ne Cnce in * month, 



until the latter end of November, when you mav prepare 



T^Z^~ "-£*** «* ** ™*, so as not to cut 



le 



th 



useful. The improvement of the soil, including draining 

 removal of fences, diminution of four-footed game, the 

 use of burnt clay, marling or claying, liming, boning 

 pastures, chalking, irrigation, breaking up of Grass 

 lands, improvement of buildings and warping, is dis- 

 cussed, of course very generally, when you consider that 

 the whole of this part of the pamphlet "occupies only 12 

 pages, but still usefully as an index to point the atten- 

 tion of agriculturists in the proper directions. On some 

 of the points which are discussed, our own experience is 

 very different from Mr. Pusey's— as for instance on the 

 cost of digging drains, where he finds it possible to dig a 

 5 feet deep drain for 4 Id. per perch ! and on the 

 amount of capital required in farming, where the sum of 

 61. per acre, he states, is ample allowance, " with sheep- 

 farming at least," for the highest possible farming ; but 

 it is the very leading point in his views of agriculture, 

 and indeed in every sensible view of the subject, that 

 all sorts of experiences are possible, and may each of 

 them be justifiable and compatible with skill and good 

 practice in different parts of this country, which is un- 

 matched by any other in the world for its variations in 

 soil and climate. Mr. Pusey's name is sufficient surety 

 lor the wide circulation of this pamphlet among the 

 agricultural readers of England ; but we willingly add 

 whatever influence a recommendation of it in these 

 columns may possess in the eyes of our subscribers. 



Sun. 23 



24 



4.40 p.m. 

 8.30 p.m. 



7.45 a.m 

 6 p.m. 



29.89 

 29.70 



t • • 



t i » 



29.80 



- • 



29.77 

 29.65 



29.63 



29.81 



29.79 



* • • 



29.70 



t 



25 



2G 



7.40 a.m 

 11.40 p.m. 



7 a.m. 

 11.25 p.m. 



29.62 



• •• 



27 



7 

 U 



a.m. 

 p.m. 



29.83 



• • i 



29,76 



Ml 



29.65 



S W. Overcast, with i d 



breeze. 

 SW. Steady breeze, andert. 



cast the whole flay. 

 SW. Almost calm; dsl 



cloudy day, with alterniif 



dark clouds and suoihaf, 



but not cold. 

 tf. all day. C aim, occuW 



gentle breezes, and m- 



cast; but a very pieiai 



day. 



ESE. Moderate breeze, m, 



and sunny. 



29.61 



♦ ♦ • 



30.25 



7.15 a.m. 



SE. Stiff breeze all day (it 

 creasing towards nigty 



and fine. 

 ENE. a.m., gentle. W 

 frost; tine; Noon, E. W 

 breeze.dark clouds ;p.n.i 



less wind; overcast. 

 ENE. to £SE. with gift 

 breezes, and finesunnjdf 

 I barometer steady. 



29.61 INNE. to ENK. "• «■ 



breezes. E.noon f anflp* 



rained * 



whole day, more or to 



and towards night ;the* 

 drew round towards J.,» 



went down to cairn. 

 NNE. all day; brisk. W 



day and fine, bat *** 

 with dry clouds (ssotnj 



fl ,ating by ; Bf« i*-* 



• •• 



30.04 



Although it 



• - . 



30.26 



bright nitfhtan 



d hard fa* 



S. and NNW. Gentle bre*l 

 white frost, clear and* 



* On the afternoon of Tuesday, the 18th ^» 8 * W ?JSS 

 last storm moving away slowly to the Eas ^ wa ^ fl „ s \^4 

 waVd from the Island of Portland, I observed a D " ■> ^ 

 clouds collecting in the South West, and on my ' re ^ 

 the barometer had begun to fall. This storm travel 



England from SW. to East. . ♦.i 1 «tIoffcr^ 



t It is with a certain degree of hesitation tnai^ 



explanation of the weather from February 2/. ww*^ 



no storm which I have J ^ 



of writing ; partly because ww _ 



has taken this route, and partly because * ve JV"lpiaD^ 

 from it the future ; and hitherto I have o<>ly otte ™« lb estof* 

 of that which has already occurred, but whereas ,* ^ t 

 I have hitherto observed either travel from 7 ®Vi« bt of" ** 

 from South to North, having the Continent to tD * r ^ or tb^ 

 central track ; this storm is travelling from fe0Ul Webtw »r4* 

 the Continent of Europe, having come from tne " M 

 Spain, and passed up the Gulf of Lyons, over l J*" u ppI0 i*» 

 the Baltic. Untit the barometer falls, from trie trv 

 another storm, continued frost maj be expectea. p F j t l 



DorcheBter, Feb. 27th. 



( To be continued.) 



Calendar of Operations. 



ure. 



^ound them with an instrument ; but twist off the 

 ares by hand and take care to choose a dry da v for 



ritrT™ 5 H L n ^ ken n P> the >- 8 « beTed tnto a 



£Sft? / W f W P ° tet0e8 ' and «»w down with a 

 pood th,ckne« of straw, and a final covering of about 

 four inches of earth. It is of th* „tl V • . i :* ~ "^"v ""F"»"»"> «>»t 



FEBRUARY 



I* 



Miscellaneous. 



Hints on Laying Down Land to Permanent Past*,* — 

 \ It is highly important that the land should be cleaned 





The fine weather ^t^ 



n Essex Farm, Feb. 18.— The fme weau». gea^i 



every one to getting in their spring corn » w V r gVowin? JJ 



we hare nearly finished dibbiog Beans, not b ^w 



n halt the quantity of spring-sown since « ^w 



as 



2 en n fcFj'V " 1 ^^ tfie winter m » n *s, &>r 

 aiieep m lambing time, and fn»- fc^A;^ ~;~- : .. ' 



able that jt should be also rolled before sowing • if this 



winter sort, finding them a more average c ^.^ |ia good% 

 another, though they do not yield near so D]* n > * fcereij 

 the Long-pods, "the only other kind K™ b< t be \ 

 Long- pods are dibbled with a common ^^ gif ^ 



i the < 



Be*ns an additional 2 inches in depth, *^ d c hflD ce w , 



Lioug.puua are aiooiea witn » A \\ This 8 1 \Jg 



being previously marked out with the arm. . a0C e JJ£ 



U^.«o «_ .JJ:: i .» • _i ;., ,1 a nth. the "l- .„ t 



times 





is not effected, the seeds (many of which 



the soil, while others may not be 



about a foot each way, thus giving you a 



them well. They require going over three * ^ aC r»»rj 



man dibbing from one." " ' ^ *««-**»rs >- -j^p- 



and are then covered „ „ _ 



drilkd on this farm 4i inches. We have tins ^ ^ 

 distance, but found it did not yield so wew, ^ )a £ 



onTbaFf To 'three-quarter* ^wK 



«-, - *. «, Pig , h «„ , i .uo. ,u u ; wis isr- »- £. ^H- »SH-K»£S i& 



