•J 3 4 



LIST 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



F 



A 11 



1 - 



rn 



IFICIAL MANURES 



PART L— SUGGJ ■.> T ILD ARTIFICIAL MANURES FOB SPECIAL CROPS. 



Name of 



Author. 



.-_ 



Composition and Cost of 

 the Manure, per acre. 



R£ MARKS. 



51 

 2l 



55 



Mr. Huxta- 30 b a* n els wood 

 bli >u*to* a*bes £0 



WaldroO, 2 eft. khaboS) 



Shaites- j guano 



bury, Wilt- ;S0 lbs. of burnt) 



15 



15 



I 



shire. 



bono*, ift I ft 

 25 lbs. of sul- r u 



phuric acid J 

 SO bu» hel* saw- 



dot* 



10 lb*, sul. acid 



over ashes ... 



7 



1 



Mr. Wat. 

 Chemist t 

 the English 



Airicul- 

 tural Che- 

 mistry As- 

 soeiation. 



By the help of this 



manure Mr. Hujc. 



ible raided 234 tons 



r c.ean r»>ots 



(Swedes) "upon the 



most barren and 



unlikely land in 

 -an bourne Chas* 

 and alum t covaredl 

 with white rubble, 

 forming a portion 



he upp»«r chalk."— 

 Joum. Hoy. Ag. 8* 

 £2 [) [vol. , p. r. See 



also our Table 3. 



2 6 

 1 t 









•■wt. bones, 



acid ... 

 I cwt. puarl 



ashes 5 



$ cwt. K psoas 



*alta i) 4 1 



8 cwt. salt 



ITT7 





. J. f*A> .'<J bushel* Of 



NAM Xorth 



{hton, 



Weth^rby, 



Yorkshire 



A 



( 



sawdust »a- 

 turated with 

 gas liquor or 



unqe, and 

 made h 



e it fur 



6n iths . £0 

 2 cwt. bone- 



du4t. In ... 12 



| cwt. sulphuric 

 acid .. 



J cwt. sulphate 



of ammonia 8 <» 



This manure has, 

 >t been tried. It 



ill be used on 



Hull in pretty ood 



condition, as it is 

 deficient in the or 



ganic lood of plants 



— die only sub- 

 stances of this sort 

 being the oil aud| 



gelatine in the 

 bones. 



6 * 



!•* 6 



£1 



N.B. Gypsum 



or ashes to be 



added so as to 



form a drill coin- 



poet. 



15 6 



This mixture is 



adapt il tor com. 



ion Turnips thai 



are to be consumed 



Ion the soil. If thsfe 



are to be pulled off, 

 cwt. of guano 

 should be added. 

 I POT Swedish Tur- 

 nips also, 2 or '•'■ 

 cwt. of guano, ac- 

 cording to quality, 

 Should be added to 



this prescription. 



The mixture as 

 given has, however, 

 •uccecif 1 well on 

 the white Turnip 

 crop, and is ex. 



trtiuely economical. 





Mr. Gaad 



wtB, Agent 

 to \V\ Fie. 

 ming. r ;., 



of Harro- 

 vian, Ren. 

 fire w shire. 



i 



Do. 



5 cwt. 1'eruviaa 



guano. £2 10 



I cwt. animal 



chart- oal Q 12 



wt. su liuric 



acid 



I ©wt. nitrate of 



*oda ... 



I cwt. sulphate 



• ammonia 16 



1 cwt. carbouate 



of magnesia 5 



2 cwt. common 



salt 2 



± cwt. potash .. 6 6 

 *cwt. horn-dust 8 





 



9 4 

 8 



In a trial against 

 I) tons of fai m 

 manure, at a cost 

 of 10*. 10#., thi* 

 mixture gave an iu- 

 rease of 7 tons 9 

 cwt. of yellow Tur- 

 nips — the product 

 f which being a 

 follows :— 



Tons. cwt. lb. 



Farm ma- 

 nure, 30 

 tous 31 



Mixture A 38 9 



(A.) 



£5 16 10 



6 

 ft 





f 



Mr. i LEMiao 



< arrochaa, 



Paisley, 

 Renfrew- 

 shire. 



5 cwt Peruvian 



guano £2 10 



2 cwt. sulphate 



of soda 10 



1£ cwt. sulphate 



of magnesia 

 2 cwt. animal 



charcoil 8 



4 cwt. horn-dust 8 



2 cwt. common 

 satt o 



3 cwt. kelp 15 



7 6 





 











In a trinl upon 



Swedish Turnips :— 



Tons. cwt. lb, 

 30 tons of 



dung gave 34 5 80 



Mixture 1$ 42 11 4S 



DO tons of 

 dungcost£10 10 

 Mixture B 



cost 5 



—See Table 3. 



(B.) 



£■> 6 



Rape- 



4 





I 



li cwt. 



dust £0 



{ cwr, bones in 



muriatic acid 

 20 lbs. sulphate 



of magnesia 



\ cwt. carbonate 

 of lime 



14 lbs- nitrate 

 of soda 



3 stones of salt 



3 stones of su.- 

 phateof soda 



1 stone sulphate 



of ammonia 

 h lb. suiphur . 

 1 J cwt. ory moss 



earth 



T 6 



3 



1 6 



4J 



2 



4 



2 S 



o 







6 



£1 5j 



& 



Mr.FLEMi3G;40 bushels saw- 

 Barrocaan,! dust j$0 



Paisley, 



Re n Ire w- 

 shire. 





i 



10 bushels pot- 

 ash and lime, 

 14 months ol 7 



14 cwt. salt 2 



1 cwt. sulphate 

 ammonia I 



t cwt. sulphate 

 soda 



I cwt. sulphate 

 magnesia ... 



20 gallons coal 

 tar 10 







I 



8 



3 







3 6 



4 







No. 1,— This mix- 

 ture produced a f*»ir 

 crop of Potatoes, 

 of remarkably fine 

 quality, 43 bolls per 

 acre of imperial 

 Renfrewshire mea- 

 sure, weighing 5 

 cwt. each, upon a 



poor, light,aitho n 

 new soil, not worth 





more, than i. per 





sere.— J^ee Sup. to 

 Proftuor Johnston's 

 Lectu a A>jri 



Chem., p. 64. 



The mixture is 

 too poor in organic 

 and azotised matter 

 to depend upon for 

 a crop of Potatoes. 





*2 7 3 



This is a better 

 mixture than No. 1, 

 and gave » better 

 crop. See Table 3. 

 The Potatoes wer 

 very luxuriant in; 

 foliage," gays Mr. 



ieming(Jonotton 

 Lectures, Appendix, 

 p. 04; ; they yielded, 



(he adds) 56 bolls 

 per a< re of very fine 

 Potatoes, many ot 

 which weighed from 

 24 10 30 oz. each. 



s 



- 



o — 



Name of 



Author. 



Composition and Cost of 

 the Manure, per acre. 









8 





8 



5 





9 



6 



4 







< 



Mr. Gard- cwt guano. ..£3 



ner, Agent 2 cwt. animal 



to W. Fie.! charcoal 



ming, Esq., T cwt. sulphuric 



of Darro- acid .... 



cban, Pais- . cwt. horn dust 



ley, Ren- 2 cwt. muriate 

 freirshire. j ammonia 1 10 



1 cwt. sulphate 

 of soda 



1 cwt. carbonate 

 magnesia 



2 cwt. common 

 salt 



Remarks. 



I 



f 





f 



P 



1 



5 



5 



2 



JST6 5 4 



Mr. Wat 

 Chemist t«» 

 the English 

 Agricul- 

 tural Che- 

 mistry As- 

 sociation, 



Mr. H CI- 

 TABLE, 



2 cwt. silicate soda, 

 1 cwt. bones, 

 J cwt. sulphuric acid, 

 iuibs. sulphate of mag- 

 nesia, 

 35 lbs. carbonate potash. 



5 cwt. bones, 



1 cwt. sulphuric acid, 



ton Wal-.5 cwt. shoddy, 



dron, 



haftes- 

 bury, Wilt- 

 shire, 



3 cwt. salt. 



1 







-! 



Mr. Lawes 

 Roth am. 

 sted, St. 

 Alban's, 

 Hertford- 

 shire. 



This mixture is 

 very similar to Mr. 

 Gardner's Turnip 

 mixture. The quan- 

 tity of each ingre- 

 dient is, however, 

 larger than for Tur- 

 nips. The saline 



matters are also a 

 little varied. 



The animal char- 

 coal used by Mr. 

 • »ardn*r, in nearh 

 all his mixtures, it 

 the remains of bones 

 charred in Ciose iron 

 vessels ; the anima 

 matter is, therefore, 



nearly all destroyed. 

 A bmall portion ot 

 nitrogen, however, 

 is retained ; and the 

 earthy part of the 



bi»ne, of course, 

 still remains. 



For the 35 lbs. 



carbonate of potash 

 Mr. Way says 50 lbs. 

 nitrate of potash 

 may be used, it it 

 be preferred. Tnii 

 will supply the pot- 



ahh equally well ; 



and at the same 

 time yield nitrogen 

 to the crop. 



Do. 



Pi 



-s 



1. Saline Mixture. 

 IOo lbs. phosphate mag- 

 nesia, 

 80 lbs. phosphate soda, 

 110 lbs. silicate potash, 

 80 ibs. sulphate am- 

 monia, 

 350 lbs, superphosphate 

 lime. 



2. fob Exhausted 



Land. 



2 cwt. calcined bones, 



in hydrochloric acid, 



2 cwt. ammoniacal salts, 

 4 cwt. rape cake. 



Muriatic or hydrochlo 

 ric acid is better as a 

 solvent of bones than 

 sulphuric, both on ac- 

 count of a less quantity. 

 in the propoi tion of three 

 to four, having equal 

 tFect, and because tne 

 muriate of lime, one 1 i 

 the results of its action, 

 being so much more 

 soluble than the sulphate 

 formed when sulphuric 

 acid is used. 



r 



As shoddy is rich 

 in nitrogen, it is a 

 good manure. It 

 may be used as a 

 top dressing, or 

 ploughed in with 

 the seed. If it be 

 partially decom- 

 posed before it be 

 mixed, the result 

 will be better. 



This mixture, 

 upon soil deficient 

 10 azoiised manure, 

 produced 10 bushels 

 more grain than an 

 a plication of phos- 

 phate of magnesia 

 aud superphosphatt 

 of lime, which have 

 no nitrogen. 



In an experiment 



with many mixtures 

 (see Table 3 , thi? 

 compound produced 

 the most effect. By 

 substituting Liebxg^ 

 W neat manure, 



tor the dissolved 

 bouee, the effeci 

 wan nearly equal 

 iebig's manuie, 

 without the rape 

 i-ake and ammoni- 

 acal salts was, how- 

 ever, much inferior 

 to it. 



Mr. Lawes in- 

 forms us that hi- 

 practice teaches 

 that, as a general 

 rule with grain and 

 Grass crops,mineral 

 matter is in excess, 

 and cannot be taken 

 up, because am- 

 monia is deficient ; 

 and of any manure* 

 tor such crops, that 

 which yields am- 

 monia at the lowest 

 price should have 

 preference. So far 

 as a manure for 

 grain, on ordinary 

 or poor soils is con- 

 cerned, this is a 

 proper rule. 



Vtr. J. Haw. For Poor Soils. 

 vam, North j J cwt. bones. j6<J 4" 



O 



u 



o 



— 





* 



D*ighton, 

 W etherby , 



Yorkshire, 







6 

 

 



3 st< es sulph. 

 acid 3 



8 bushels soot 4 



1 qr. rape-dust 18 



iewt. ni'rateof 

 soda or sul- 

 phate of am. 

 monia , 16 



I cwt. common 

 salt 2 



For a winter sown 

 crop, the two last ingre- 

 dients to be applied in 

 sprint:. The compost 



should be mixed with 

 asbef. 



Wnere Wheat or 

 Oats are after pas- 

 tured seeds, or tfar- 

 ey after Turnips 

 consumed on the 

 land, the nitrate ol 



soda may beomitted. 

 Potash, an unpor 



tant constituent of 

 the cereal crops, i- 

 not contained in 

 thi* manure, but 

 may be added to a 

 soil deficient in it. 

 In ordinary cases, 

 however, the ashes 

 -upply enough of it. 

 The soluble sili. 

 caus which the ce- 



real crops require 

 are also absent ; but excepting on peaty soils, 

 where any assistance towards the formation 

 of a stiff straw is particularly valuable, these 

 substances are unnecessary additions ; ordl 

 nary soils contain enough of them naturally. 





C - 



Name of 

 Author. 





I 



r 



Mr. Gard- 

 ner, A^ent 

 to W. Fle- 

 ming, Esq.. 



Barrochan, 

 Paisley, 

 Renfrew- 

 shire. 



Composition and Cost of 

 the Manure, per acre. 



I cwt. guano... £0 

 1 cwt. animal 



charcoal 



i sulphuric acid 

 I cwt. salt 



1 cwt. silicate of 

 soda 



1 cwt.horn-dust 



10 



4 

 4 

 1 



12 

 2 



(E.) 



H 

 W 



2; 



I 



00 



o 



s 

 a 



CO 



H 

 ■< 



o 



Mr. Main, 

 Wbitehill, 



Lasswade, 

 near Edin- 

 burgh. 



2 cwt. animal 

 charcoal ...£0 8 



1 cwt. sulphuric 



acid 9 



^ cwt. muriate 

 ammonia 7 



£cwt.carbonate 

 magnesia ... 1 



J cwt. sulphate 

 magnesia ... 2 



1J cwt. salt 1 



2 cwt.horn-dust 4 



(F.) £1 14 



Mr. Fleming 

 Barrochan, 

 Renfrew- 

 shire. 



1 



r 



pa 



> 



O 



1 



I 



r 



o 



ft 



Mr. Hdxta- 

 ble, Sutton 

 w aJdron, 

 Shaftes- 

 bury, Wilt- 

 shire, 



; 



f 



aJ 

 © 



i 



as 



is 

 o 



02 



I 



f 



Mr. Lawes, 

 Rotham- 

 gted, St. 

 Alban's, 

 Hertford- 

 shire, 



1 ton of straw- 

 less cow-dung 

 dissolved in 

 water, and 

 poured over 



30 bushels coal 

 ashes, dried 

 with 



2 or 3 cwt. gjp- 

 sum 



2 parts super- 

 phosphate of 



lime 

 1 sulpnato of 



ammonia, or 

 1 muriate of 



ammonia. 



Mr. Gard- 

 ner, Agent 

 to W. Fle- 

 ming. Esq,, 

 Barrochan. 

 Renfrew- 

 shire. 



1 cwt. animal 

 charcoal £0 4 



1 cwt. sulphuric 

 acid i 



14 cwt. horn- 

 dust 3 



J cwt. carbon- 

 ate magnesia 



J cwt. sulphate 

 of soda 1 



J cwt. salt 



I cwt. sulphate 

 of ammonia . 4 

 cwt. potash... 6 

 cwt, carbon- 

 ate of soda... 2 



£1 6 



2 



I 



Mr. Kuxta- 



ble, Sutton 

 Waldron, 

 Shaftes- 

 bury, Wilt- 

 shire, 



2 cwt. super- 

 phosphate of 



lime. 

 10 bushels lime. 



5 bushels salt, 



blended with 



ashes, 





 B 















£1 13 8 







4 



6 



3 



6 

 6 

 



1 



i cwt. pre-'j 

 pared night 1 

 soil j 



h sulph. soda | 



4 cwt. salt- i- £0 12 9 

 petre refuse 



1 cwt. ani- 

 mal char- i 

 coal j 



1 cwt. bones 



dissolved in 



muriatic acid£0 9 4 

 1 cwt. sulphate 



of soda 9 4 



lewt. silicate of 



potash 16 



i cwt. sulphate 



ammonia 10 8 



£2 5 4 



*** tiksst 



tores willbt,^ 



*««$:!* 

 onentfJU., 



9tQ ^ i each 

 •ion prodaesi 

 increase of 



3 qnaitsri Mr 

 t maa, ^ 



these 



See also 



tions of 



Thetaisssl 

 coal it a vsri 

 able coQitittSH. 

 these manor* ft 



charred k»Ms* 

 containing ta ^ 

 mineral injrr 



•f ordinsry 

 dust, and tht_ 



ble of NneSnaTJi 

 chs addiiiett '** 

 acid ; and 

 also in tne 

 most kktfcy n n 



beneficial (9 fc 

 crop. 



•Si. * 



TUs 



ans) _ 

 Mr. .M. 



menU.:Sssrs*Jflj 

 An sdltasmsf 

 phate ot 

 to the nigsi.ua a 



especially 

 Barley. 



The p 

 (see Table S) 



this mixtore 

 moss has 

 ticed by 

 writers. It is^ 

 corded in Prsfassr 

 Johnston'sLssBSB, 



Appendix,p.li1W 

 mixture wsi »* 

 markable ir to 

 erfecf upon 

 tity and gusssj ■ 

 the (train aaafttttt- 



Mr. Haxtssls s> 



commendi tsis^ 



ture, bscMis; ^ 

 cow-dung tinss^ 



the salts of pots* 

 which Ciovst p> 

 quires, and As 

 ashes citftai* sjt 

 sum. If ft cs»5 

 affrded, 2 c*t « 

 super-pbo*,**** 

 lime, a» IB T 



would impraW 

 mixturs. 



ThismixW^ 



Lawes «^*2| 

 used •** •"^ 

 success os W 



farm. 0**** M 

 ure, bowtfsl, » 



necessary ^1^^. 

 kalies are **»*' 



-L. F.] 



increased J* IT 



8 fold («J*S 



seventeen < **LZ 



pdcations. - 



TransM*}M9*~ 



[The q^f^ 

 phospaaiasJJ J 



manure *<*J ^ 



rhe qo»*fS 



ras.es. WJJ 

 advaatafftf"'^ 



dene) ^*JTi 

 upon &* *?(i 



awn *%.$* 

 others. '.V-sp 

 e s«Jw "Jjgi 



how s*^ "35 

 increase^r^ 



of th« r* iS ' 



3 

 6 





 













