THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



207 



M 



PERUVIAN GUANO. 

 ^aI'TION TO AGRICULTURISTS. - 



C It being notorious that eitensiTe adulterations of this 

 Jic«— g r fS?SftlB3 AND SONS. 



AS TBE 



nVLT IMPORTERS OF PERUVIAN GUANO, 

 ur it to be their duty to the Peruvian Government and 

 Rb'ic ajain to recommend Farmers and all others who 

 !1 be carefully on their guard. 

 Character of the partiea from whom they purchase will of 

 k* iha best security, and in addition to particular atten- 

 to fcat point, ANTONY GIBBS and SONS think it well 

 "mfod buyers that — 



" fZHowest wholesale price at which sound Peruvian 

 faamhai been sold by them during the last two years 

 \!tLb$. per ton, less 2 ± per cent. 



M ** --giief made by Dealers at a lower price must therefore 

 leave a lo-s to them, or the article must be adulterated. 



•s 



gfLOSDOX MANURE COMPANY beg to 



_ cM- as under, CORN MANURE, most valuable for 

 . drei§iog— Concentrated Urate, Superphosphate of Lime, 

 Strata of Soda, Sulphate of Ammonia, Fishery and Agrieul- 

 rtiralStJta, Gypium, Fossil Bones, Sulphuric Acid, and every 

 ^^r Artificial Manure; also a constant supply of English 

 no- Foreign Linsee-1-cake. Peruvian Guano, guaranteed the 

 * P oine importation of Messrs. A. Gibbs and Sons, 91. 10*. per 

 or W. 5*. tn quantities of 5 tons and upwards. 



Edward PnasEa, Secretary. 

 40, Bridg e-street, Blackfriars, London. 



MANURES. — The following Manures are manu- 

 _ ftctured at Mr. LiwEa'a Factory, Deptford Creek : 



Clorer Manure, per ton £11 



Turnip Manure, do. ■ ... ... 7 



Superphosphate of Lime ... 7 



Solpburic Acid and Coprolitea 



Office, 69, King William-street, City, London. 

 5.B. Peruvian Guano, guaranteed to contain 16 per cent, of 

 ajnmonia, 91. 10#. per ton ; and for 5 tons or more, 91. 5*. per 

 on, In doclu Sulp hate of Ammonia, &c. 



NEW TURNIP MANURE, 50*. a Ton.— Mr. 

 _ Potter can strongly recommend the above as a cheap 

 and efficient Manure, and capable of raising heavy crops. 

 Delivered free on rail. The Bags to be returned or paid for. 



POTTEK'S GUANO, 11. perton ; SUPERPHOSPHATE OF 

 LIME, SI per ton : GYPSUM, 255. per ton, including bags and 

 delivery on rail.— 28, Clapham-road-place, London. 



GUANO AND OTHER MANURES.— Peruvian 

 Guano of the finest quality; Superphosphate of Lime; 

 Gypsnm ; Salt ; Nitrate of Soda*; Moffat's Patent Concentrated 

 City Sewaze Manure, and ail others of known value. — Apply to 

 FoTHERGiLL, 204, Upper Thames-street, London. 



5 









 







MR. J. C. NESBIT, F.C.S., F.G.S., Consulting and 

 Analytical Chemist, Laboratories, 38, Kennington-lane, 

 London.-PRIVATE INSTRUCTIONS in Chemical Analysis, 

 and the most approved methods of making ARTIFICIAL 

 MANURES. Analyses of Soils, Manures, Minerals, «fec, per- 

 formed as usual, on moderate terms. 



HOSE FOR LIQUID MANURE, Fire-engine, 

 and agricultural purposes, made of canvass, lined and 

 coated with gutta purcha ; it is about one-third the price of 

 leather or india-rubber, will convey liquids of ail kinds under 

 a heavy pressure, it is extensively used at the Government 

 public works ; also by the navy, and amongst agriculturists, 

 giving universal satisfaction. Testimonials and prices may be 

 obtained of Messrs. Burgess and Key, 103, Newgate-street, sole 

 manufacturers.— London Agents : Messrs. Deane, Dray, and 

 Deane, Swan-lane ; Messrs. Tilley, Blackfriars-road.— Country 



Agents 



Messrs. J. 



and S. Johnson, Liverpool; Messrs. Dickson, Hull; Mr. S. 

 Wilson, Agent for Scotland. 



'TAN, (Gratis) fresh from the pits.— Apply to Essex 



-*- and sons, 28, Stanhope-street, Clare Market, London, in 

 the immediate neighbourhood of Covent Garden. 



TO AGRICULTURISTS. 



THE SUBSCRIBERS, in returning their sincere 

 thanks to their numerous Customers for the liberal 

 patronage which they have so long enjoyed, beg earnestly to 

 solicit the attention of Agriculturists and their friends in 

 England to their improved Light GRUBBER, combining both 

 cheapness and efficiency. The Implement was strongly re- 

 commended by the East of Berwickshire Farmers' Club, at 

 their meeting in December last ; and the numerous parties 

 who have since honoured us with their orders have expressed 

 their high satisfaction with it as a most efficient Implement. 

 The j>rice, with travelling wheel, complete, is only t»5j., de- 

 livered free to any station on the North British Line. 



As the Turnip season ia now approaching, the Subrcribers 

 take this opportunity of calling attention to their improved 

 Turnip-sowing Machines, which they feel confident will give 

 entire satisfaction to those who may favour them with their 

 commanls. The price is Six Guineas, and every attention wLl 

 be given to the speedy execution of orders by 



SCOULAR and CO., 



Haddington, N.B. Agricultural Imp lement Makers. 



QTEPHENSON and Co., 61, Gracechurch-street, 



*-* London, and 17, New Park-street, Southwark, Inventors 

 and Manufacturers of the Improved CONICAL and DOUBLE 

 CYLINDRICAL BOILERS, respectfully solicit the attention of 

 ■dentine Horticulturists to their much improved method of 

 applying the Tank System to Pineries, Propagating Houses, 

 «c., by which atmospheric heat as well as bottom-heat is 

 f^ CIlr ^ a t0 any required degree, without the aid of pipes or flues. 

 o. and Co. have also to 6tate that at the request of numer. us 

 mends they are now making their Boilers of Iron, as well as 

 popper, by which the cost is reduced. These Boilers, which 

 are now go well known, scarcely require description, but to 

 wose who have not seen them in operation, prospectuses will 

 J£ torwarded, as well as reference of the highest authority • ot 

 wey may be seen at most of the Nobility's seats and principal 

 * orsenes throughout the kingdom. 



s. and Co. beg to inform the Trade that at their Manufactory, 

 if t? € ZI- k " street » eTef y article required for the construction 

 b# rTi?« ^ cu i tural Buil dings t as well as for heating them, may 

 "« ootained upon the most advantageous terms, 

 conservatories, <fcc, of Iron or Wood, erected upon the most 

 ^amental designs. Balconies, Palisading, Field and Garden 

 'J Dces, Wire-work , &c. 



INGHAM BROTHERS, 170, Hampton - street, 



a*a 7, l v^ bam » ?ole Manufacturers of the improved WOOD 

 jadZINC MENOGRAPH, or Label for Garden Borders, Flower. 



am!L *' l n boxes of lc0 » &c " The Zinc labels are highly 

 Wrojed of for thelr lasting dlira bility - can be written upon 



It iLItt!H rcate8t ease ' and ' wben dry * a P erma nent inscription 

 hM^uTh Dlrect ious for use sent with each box, including 

 •wjeof Metallic Ink. 6 



Imr!uL Agen i s ln London, G. and J. Dean*, Horticultural 

 Element Warehouse, 46, King WUliam-street, London Bridge. 



ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. 



HPHE ANNUAL COUNTRY MEETING of 1851 



-L will be held, by the gracious permission of Her Majesty 

 and Prince Aibert.in the HOME PARK, WINDSOR, in the 

 week commencing MONDAY, the 14th of JULY, 



Copies of the Prize Sheet, containing the terms, conditions, 

 and amount of the respective Prizes, and the Rules of Exhibi- 

 tion, and also copies of the requisite printed Forms of Certificate, 

 may be obtained on application to the Secretary, 1*2, Hanover- 

 square, London. All Certificates must be returned, filled up, 

 to the Secretary, on or before the 17th of Mayi the Council 

 having decided that in no case whatever shall any Certificate 

 be received after that date. 



In the application for Certificates, the Character and Age of 

 the Animals to be exhibited should be stated, in order that the 

 proper Forms of Certificate may be sent. 



By order of the Council, James Hudson, Secretary, 



12, Hanover-square, London, May 10. • 



ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF 

 ENGLAND. 

 THE MAY GENERAL MEETING of the Society will be 

 held at the Society's House, in Hanover-square, on THURS- 

 DAY, the 22d May. at Twelve o'clock. 



By order of the Council, Jambs Hudson, Secretary. 



London, May 7ih, 1851. 



V Professor Wat's LECTURE, " On the Agricultural Em- 

 ployment of Common Salt," will be delivered before the 

 Members in the Council Room of the Society on Thursday 

 next, the 14th inst., at Twelve o'clock. 



Kite agricultural ©a>ette* 



SATURDA Y, MA Y 10, 1851. 



MEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. 



Wkdiiidit, May 14— Agricultural Societv of England 



Tuukbdat, — 15 — Agricultural Imp. Soc |of Inland. 



WiDHisDiT, — 21— Agricultural Society of England. 



TauiiDAT, — 22 -Agricultural Imp. Soc. of Ireland. 



exists at Cirencester. It has hitherto been 

 less successful than it ought, owing no doubt 

 to some extent to the fact that the students 

 have not been fitted, generally, by previous 

 education, to receive the instruction that it 

 offered. This defect has been so obvious, that since 

 last Christmas the council of the College have 

 altered their plan of operation. They have added 

 a school for boys to their establishment. Previously 

 to that time they had refused to admit students 

 under 16 years of age, and even those were not 

 admitted unless they passed such an examination 

 as showed them to be qualified to attend the 

 various lectures with advantage. Now, the College 

 is open to students of any age. Instruction, gene- 

 ral as well as agricultural, is offered. If the student 

 be qualified, and anxious to gain as much instruc- 

 tion as possible in a short time, he is able, under the 

 new system, to attend a full course of lectures on 

 every subject, in the course of a twelvemonth ; seeing 

 all the processes of the agricultural year, meanwhile, 

 performed upon the farm around him. If from defec- 

 tive education, or from mere youth, the student be not 

 yet prepared in those branches of knowledge needed 

 to enable him to profit by the scientific lectures, 

 he is no longer refused admission on this account ; 

 but ample means are provided for remedying his 

 deficiencies. And if a parent determining on agri- 

 culture as his son's profession should wish to give 

 him an education fitting him not only for success 

 in that profession, but for the society of intelligent 

 and well educated men through life, he is now 

 offered exactly what he wants at the Royal 

 Agricultural College. It will, indeed, be a most 

 extraordinary thing if, w r ith an abler staff of officers 

 than ever yet combined their efforts to render agri- 

 cultural instruction efficient — with the means at its 

 command of teaching and illustrating the sciences 

 and the rules of farming more fully than any single 

 institution ever yet has done — this college should 

 fail of attracting the confidence of the agricultural 

 body. It seems to us at present most fully to de- 

 serve their confidence. We hope that its future 

 career may show that it possesses it. 



We must add a few words upon the agricultural 

 schools of Ireland. A report, by Dr. Kirkpatrick, 

 is published in the volume on " National Education 

 in Ireland for 1849," from which we learn that at 

 Glasnevin, near Dublin ; Loughash, county Tyrone ; 

 Markethill, county Armagh ; Dunmanway, county 

 Cork ; Rahan, King's county; Belvoir, county Clare; 

 and in other places, there are institutions which, 

 assisted by the Commissioners of National Educa- 

 tion, receive agricultural boarders and pupils, teach- 

 ing them by practice and instruction the details of 

 management on a small farm, along with the usual 

 elements of an ordinary literary education. They are 

 chiefly sons of small farmers. Those who have attained 

 greatest proficiency are admitted into the Glasnevin 

 establishment near Dublin, from w T hich, after a year 

 or two of further instruction, they go to situations as 

 farm managers, or they undertake the cultivation of 

 land on their own account. These schools and 

 model farms 



We have yet to add a few words on Agricultural 

 Education. Its object, we have shown, must be to 

 convey to the student all the truth which bears upon 

 his future profession ; and, by practice, to confer 

 upon him the skill that it requires. Now, w T hat are 

 the means at present in existence for giving this 

 education ? There is a Professorship of Agriculture 

 in the University of Edinburgh, which has long been 

 ably filled by Mr. Low, who, by his writings and 

 his lectures, has done perhaps more than any 

 other living man to spread a knowledge of 

 the rules of good practical farming. There is a 

 lectureship on agriculture in connection with the 

 University of Aberdeen. There are many private 

 schools throughout the country which profess to 

 teach the rudiments of sciences connected with 

 the art of cultivation, and among them it is only 

 fair to mention one in the neighbourhood of London 

 conducted by Mr. Nesbit, a gentleman widely 

 known to agriculturists by his lectures and per- 

 formances in connection with the chemistry of 

 agriculture. There are many schools in Ireland 

 under the superintendance of Dr. Kirkpatrick, 

 agricultural inspector under the commissioners of 

 national education. There are many farmers, here 

 and there, in every county, who take pupils and 

 profess to teach the methods of successful practice. 

 And there is the Royal Agricultural College at 

 Cirencester. 



These are the means — what is the use that is 

 made of them 1 Of the many thousand farmers 

 annually entering on the first year of their business, 

 how many have attended the lectures of Professor 

 Low — the agricultural schools in Herts, or Suffolk, 

 Middlesex, or Hampshire 1 How many even have 

 been for a year or two under the guidance of some 

 successful farmer — how many have been students at 

 Cirencester College ] The agricultural education of 

 the present day is received at home. It is no doubt 

 often good, and the student or apprentice often does 

 it credit ; but w ? e imagine that whether it be for 

 the acquisition of extensive and general knowledge 

 of one's business, or for the acquisition of business 

 habits, a thing of highest moment — a home education 

 will find few defenders. 



Our own opinion is that a lad coming from a school 

 such as that of Mr. Nesbit, where his mind has 

 been directed to some of the facts and sciences of 

 agriculture, subsequently living and working for 

 two or three years on a farm cultivated, as in Ber- 

 wickshire for instance, for the breeding and fat- 

 tening of live stock, as well as for the growth of 

 corn ; and finishing off with attendance on the 

 lectures of Professors Low and Gregory in Edinburgh 

 College, is as likely to prove an intelligent and suc- 

 cessful farmer, as any other plan would make him. 

 This would be an expensive mode of*education, but 

 in cases where the pupil is made useful on the 

 farm it w r ould be efficient. Its efficiency is however 

 generally more dependant on the will of the young 

 man himself than on that of the farmer with whom 

 he is situated : and though it may be made, and 

 often has been made most successful, yet there 

 are, no doubt, many instances of failure. 



The next best plan of education, and a less ex- 

 pensive one, is offered by those institutions which 

 teach the art of farming, and show its progress in 



operation, to a number of pupils together. The WMW VMW- , „„_ — , „ *i~ ****&&** 



only institution of the kind in this country [a century or more back into time, and see tmn s exiauu 



rapidly supplying Ireland with a 

 body of instructors who will doubtless prove, as Dr. 

 Kirkpatrick anticipates, u one of the most efficient 

 amongst the many agencies now at work for the 

 correction of that sadly defective mode of culture 

 hitherto so prevalent in Ireland, and which has 

 tended so much not only to retard the social progress, 

 but even to peril the very existence of large masses 

 of her population." 



There seems no want of pupils in the sister island 

 at her agricultural schools; there seems interest 

 enough taken there in the subject of agricultural 

 education. It will indeed be a shame upon the 

 agriculturists of England if the single institution 

 established among themselves for the education of 

 the rising generation of farmers should be inade- 

 quately supported. 



REPORT ON THE AGRICULTURAL SECTION 

 OF THE GREAT INDUSTRIAL EXPOSITION 

 OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. 



No. I. — In entering upon a description of the more 

 interesting objects in the Great Exhibition, arranged in 

 Class 9, * Agricultural and Horticultural Machines 

 and Implements," and Division A. "Implements for 

 Tillage" the first that we notice are the ploughs. 



The Plough has passed through many transformations 

 since the days of our Saxon ancestors, when it was 

 ordained that u no one should guide a plough who could 

 not make one ; " and must be a very different instrument 

 now from what it was when the legislature were obliged 

 to pass an "act agaynst plowing by the taile." And 

 there is but little more diversity between our ancient 

 and modern ploughs, than between those at present 

 used by various nations. By visiting the Great Exhi- 

 bition, a person may go from the nearly perfect « nst ™" 

 ments of our best makers, to the more rude » d * ,u ™v 

 of some other countries ; and may thus walk, as "^ere. 



