iK> — 1H51.J 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



30/ 



»m 



OKTRLLTURAL SOCIETY OF LONDON 



NOTK is berebv (riven that the Second EXHIBITION 



9*1 



PXUIH'TION OF TII.1PS. 



( >M - SftTE5«^IfQw2«5 oT'fLoVeUS and FRUIT, b. the BOOUTT* MBMV, 



l-lor-tbrapp ^^'"t rVs tfo".v^f.!rn>sTe will take place on 9*T« M Y, Ju;e T.h^ 



'?" «d • I'ublu-.'tbat hi. SUPBRB COhLEC- 



-trr and the i-uDiie, mac m S u*««~ --"*"'" 

 tr?ifs is bow in flower, and can be viewed every 

 . oviock until 6, Sundays excepted. Admittance Ij., 



half pnce 



Mcs- 



^IStes perbes dorangerie. 



"P"^- les Etrauger*, Amateurs du penus Binlceia et 



^rL«t informed qu'aoe belle collection, comprenante 



W^fz!«,.W* nottvelles et tres rares, se vend a bon pnx, 



""" |Vel ent de John Henchman, a Edmonton, pres de 



^^Edmotft-m. 17 M «i. 1851. 



jri r iTa bTe ve g e t a b l e s.— 



\ p.rLlFLOWBRS. — Myatt's improved early, much 



»i,*n the old varieties, more compact and heavier, con- 



by the raiser as most desirable, quantity very limited ; 



USiraBLS SPROUTS, improved variety, direct from 



ii t>er oz . 6d. per packet. 

 B 7IoLifiE MITCHELL'S ENFIELD.— This has been tried 



. C k. H Vrticaltural Society's Garden, and pronounced one of 

 at tbe » J ™ c ^ per pac ket. 



CABBAGE; CHAPP£L'S C0LEW0 RT, excellent for Winter 



€ cTl oi\S*- JAMES', one of the best for small gardens, 

 mmA .hillim'or heavy soils ; oi. per oz. 



TRLF COLES'SUPERB RED, very extensively grown last 

 J^wi and Denounced first-rate ; 1*. per oz., 6<i. per packet. 

 ^FTTCCE VICTORIA CABBAGE, but little known, but 

 me of the handsomest grown, and which no gentleman's 

 ^riao should be without. . 



^tucam Hairs, in offering the above selection from his 

 cenertl List, be*8 to inform his friends that he warrants them 



to to a* de«cribed. 

 1«, St. Martin's-1 ane, Charing Cro ss, London. 



CHOICE AND CHEAP.-READ THE FOLLOWING! 



(Oam age paid ; see below.) 

 Now ready and mav be had gratis on application, 



May's Descriptive catalogue op 

 PLANTS, for ornamenting the Flower Garden, and 



<*r©tnhome display. 

 H B.—AU orders above 2J. 105. carriage paid to London, or 



to any Railway Station within 150 miles of the Nurseries, and 

 plants KiT»-n over on smaller orders to compensate for carriage. 

 Oar central position and ?reat facility of railway communica- 

 tion enaoles us to execute all orders with punctuality and 



despatch. 



The Catalogue comprises the following favourites, viz. :— 



Calceolarias of the best sorts, Cinerarias, Fuchsias, Scarlet 

 Geraniums (for bedding), Verbenas— the very choicest varieties, 

 Petunias, fine Chrysanthemums for autnmn display, Liliputian 

 Chrysanthemums "(these are little gems, growing about a foot 

 high, and flowering profusely), Salvias, Heliotropes, Phloxes, 

 ww and line; Antirrhinums, fine ; various Plants adapted for 

 Bedding, Climbers of sorts, and Roses in selection. s. 



ERICAS. 12 tine blooming plants, own selection, per doz., 12 

 GREENHOUSE PLANTS, 12 miscellaneous sorts, bloom- 



ine, our own selection, per doz 12 



HERKACEOUS PLANTS, in pots, purchaser's selection, 



per «iuu »■* ■•« ••« ••• ••• #•• ••• ••• no 



Do. do. do., our own selection, per 100, 50 



The list throughout is divided into sections of the newest 

 end best In each class, and those in more general cultivation ; 

 the selection is lefc to purchasers or ourselves, in the latter cwse 

 our customers may rely upon our integrity in furnishing good 

 articles, for which we have received many flattering testimonials. 

 Every information given on application. 



Address, J oh* Mat, Hope Nurseries, near Bedale, Yorkshire, 

 to whom all Post-o ffice ord ers must be made payable. 



CHOICE CALCEOLARIAS. 



JOHN HENCHMAN begs to inform the Trade and 

 Furnishers, that his choice stock of about 4000 SEEDLING 

 CALCEOLARIAS are now in all stages of bloom, at Zl. 5s. per 

 100. Amateurs may supply themselves with choice and distinct 

 vari9ttes at U. >ach. On receipt of Post-office orders, any 

 quantity se.ected and packed with care.— Edmonton, May 17. 



GRASS AND OTHER SEEDS. 



THOMAS GIBBS and Co., the Seedsmen to the 

 " Royal Agricultural Society of England," corner of 



Half Moon-street Piccadilly, beg to call the attention 

 of their trienus to the following Seeds : 



Mixtures of selected Natural Grasses for laying dow» Land 

 to permanent Meadows and Pastures, apportioned to suit the 

 nature of the soil. 



Mixtures for portions of Parks near Mansions. 



Mixtures for Garden Lawns and Grass Plots. 



Mixtures for renovating Old Pasture Land. 



Italian and other Rye-grasses. 



White Belgian and Red Altringham Carrots. 



Gibbs' new very large Parsnip. 



Orange Globe Mangold Wurzel. 



Long Red and other kinds. 



Drumhead and Thousand-headed Cabbages. 



Swedes, Hybrids, and othtr Turnips. 



Clovers, Kohl Rabi, French and English Furze. 



Sainfoin, Rape, Tares, White Mustard, and all Agricultural 

 and Kitchen Garden Seeds, &c. 



Priced Lists are now ready, and will be forwarded free, on 

 implication, by post, or otherwise, to corner of Half Moon- 

 Street Piccadilly, London. 



MEADOW AND PASTURE GRASS SEEDS. 



Q.E0RGE GIBBS and CO. beg to notice their 



A- 1 mixtures of GRASS SEEDS for Laying Land down to 



Permanent Grass, are now ready for delivery. They have 



reduced the price to 30«. per acre, aUowing 2 bushels 12 lbs. to 

 tfceacre, 



Mixed sorts for improving old Grass Land, 1*. 2d. per lb. 

 Fine sorts, for forming Lawns, 1*. 3d. per lb. Directions for 

 •owing will accompany the Seeds. 



Geoxoe Gibbs and Co. will feel happy in sending general 

 priced Catalogue* of Agricultural and Garden Seeds, on appli- 

 £jtioa_t o 26, DOWN-STREET, Piccadilly, London. 



_, SULPHUR vebsus MILDEW. 



pRY'S SULPHURATOR IMPROVED. — This 



Machine, with numerous Testimonials, can be obtained 

 J^ect from the original inventor of the Sulphurator, Geobqe 

 r*Y Manor House, Lee, Kent. Price 10a. 



Tickets cin be procured at this Office upon pre iHng the 

 order of a Fellow, price §8. Ch ; or, on the day of the meeting, 

 at Turnham-sreen, price 75. 6 each. 



PRIVILEGE OF FELLOWS. — Each Fellow of the Society 

 has free personal admission to these Exhibit! without a 

 ticket. He may a? personally introduce a friend wih an 

 Admission Ti«fc*t at half-past Twelve, at Gate No. 4 in the 

 Duke of Devonshire's road ; or, if unable to attend personally , 

 his wife or sister may represent him, provided she is W-self 

 furnished with an admission ticket to which his signature 

 is attached. Similar privileges belong to Ladies who are 

 Fellows of the Society. 



Messieurs les etraigers qui desireront se procurer des billets 

 d'admission pourront en obteoir des mandats en s'addre&sant 

 a leur Ambassade ou a leur Consuiat. 



21, Regent-street, London. 



ORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF 



L O N D N. 



NOTICE is hereby given, that the 



EXHIBITIONS AT THE GARDEN, 

 In the year 1852, and in each succeeding year, until farther 



notice, will take place on the 

 SECOND SATURDAY 



IN THE MONTHS OF 



MAY, JUNE, AND JULY. 

 21, Regent-street, May 13, 1851. 



<• 



2TJte <Satimtersr ©fitontcle 



SATURDA Y, MA Y 17, 1851. 



Moxdat, May 



S rOK THK ENSUING WEEK. 



5 Chemical 8 r.M. 

 Statistical ....£ r.w. 

 Bri'ish Architect! 8 F.M. 



TUBSDAT, 



20 



! harsoaceutical ( Anniversary ) . . 12 a.m. 



Fl^rt ral 3 T.v. 



) il tiosrineers 8 r. 



f P 



< 



WlDHIUDAT, 



Thursday, 



Fa I DAT, 



Saturday, 



remain, as heretofore, united to the faculty of medi- 

 cine. But there is a struggle on the part of the 

 Faculty of Arts, or of Philosophy, in the Univerh y, 

 to obtain the botanical chair, and, in the event of 

 their succeeding, the property left by Wahlknberg 

 falls to hi^ heir-at-law. It is understood that this 

 question, which the King alone can decide, has given 

 rise to no small conflict of opinion, the one side 

 insisting that Natural History Is a branch of general 

 education ; the other maintaining that it is a special 

 department of medicine, treating of the functions 

 and structure of organic bodies. We must own 

 that, to us, this ^dispute seems hardly worthy of a 

 great University. 



pPPffS IMPROVED REGISTERED SULPHU- 



—-* RA.T0R, for destroying the Mildew and Mould in Grapes, 

 Hops, Roses, Heaths, Pansies, Fruit Trees, and Agricultural 

 and Horticituural produce. 



The Inventor submits this Machine with great confidence, as 

 *>«ng the most useful and perfect of its kind invented. The 

 jwistruction is simple, strong, and effective, and can be used 

 *7 the most inexperienced hand. It has been described in the 

 Gardenera* Chronicle, and highly commended by Dr. Lindiey, 

 Dr. Plomley (in his lectures on the Mould in Hops), the editor 



of the 

 Q*rd 



Gardeners' Magazine of Botany," and many eminent 

 and Agriculturists. 



tT^u nu,acturea and ^^ wholesale by Babbeb and GaooM, 

 ttoiborn, and to be had of all Seedsmen, Florists, Ironmongers, 

 *nd the. inventor. Price 20s. and upwards. 

 Maidstone, May 17. 



Pathological 8 *•*• 



C Kgyal Botanic 3Jp.M. 



21< MTc-osnopical * '•*• 



iErhnolotfical 8 p.m. 



i National Florieultural 3 p.m. 



5 -l Royal Soc of Literature 4 p.m. 



i Antiquarian »^8 p.m. 



I Royal ••• sjr.M. 



^("Philological (Anniversary) 8 p.m. 



iRoynl institution 8$p.m. 



24 — Medical S p.m. 



CouSt™SHOW«.-Ttt98day. May 20: South Devon Botanical and Hor- 

 ticuhural L-Tuur.day, May fe: Bath Horticultural, and Liverpool Horti- 

 cultural. 



It is not a little remarkable that a nation so 

 advanced as Sweden in all that relates to natural 

 science, should have considered it unnecessary for 

 its Botanical Gardens to be placed under the care 

 of a person practically conversant with gardening. 

 We understand, however, that such is the case ; and 

 that even the Garden of Upsal, which has furnished 

 the materials of scientific investigation to so many 

 celebrated professors— to the two Rudbecks, the 

 two Linnaeus', Thunberg, and Wahlenberg— was 

 still, at the decease of the last lamented naturalist, 

 intrusted to the management of subordinates far 

 inferior to what the present state of horticulture 



demands. m ^ 



Those who are familiar with the working of such 



establishments as Botanical Gardens will, we doubt 

 not, agree with us in the opinion that two wholly 

 distinct duties have to be performed in them. The 

 first is the botanical superintendence and the appli- 

 cation of the materials which the garden may con- 

 tain to the purposes of instruction ; the other is the 

 horticultural superintendence, by means of which 

 those materials are preserved and augmented. The 

 last provides the raw material of science, the first 

 works it up and converts it into forms it did not 



before possess. 



In saying this we do not by any means intend to 

 say that the gardener is not to be a man of science. 

 Quite the contrary. The more science he has the 

 better, provided it is combined with that practical 

 horticultural skill which can only result from much 

 experience ; just as great scientific knowledge 

 itself results from a long and assiduous examina- 

 tion of the subjects to which it relates. 



A botanist is not necessarily a gardener, any more 

 than a gardener is necessarily a botanist. Very few 

 men indeed have, in fact, combined the two 

 qualities : and it is as unwise to entrust the culti- 

 vation of plants to a mere botanist, as it would be 

 to call upon a mere gardener to; undertake the duties 



of a botanical professor. 



_ 3 they will, 



receive the consideration of our Swedish readers, 

 we can hardly doubt that they will have the effect 

 of putting an end to what must be admitted to be 

 a great mistake. Unless, indeed, it should be 

 thought that it matters little in what state of 

 health a plant exists in a botanic garden, provided 

 it can be found there, or at least in the catalogue. 

 It is, however, now generally acknowledged that a 

 live plant conveys little information to students 

 unless it is in its state of natural health ; and we 

 cannot but entertain grave doubts whether their 

 natural health will ever be secured to plants under 

 artificial management, in the absence of the ^ direc- 

 tion of those whose lives have been spent in the 

 business of cultivation. 



While upon this subject we may add, for the in- 

 formation of our botanical readers, that Wahlknberg 

 has bequeathed to the University of Upsal all 

 his considerable fortune, a library of great value, and 

 his herbarium, tmon condition that botany should 



In speaking the other day of the important timber 

 from Van Diemen's Land (see p. 291), now ex- 

 hibited in the Crystal Palace, we undertook to 

 consider whether or not there is any reasonable 

 probability of the plants producing it becoming 

 cultivated advantageously in any part of Great 

 Britain or Ireland. At first sight it would seem that 

 experience directs us to answer the question in the 

 negative, for we have at present no sufficient evidence 

 that the Tasmannian Flora has begun to establish 

 itself in these islands. We know, indeed, that a 

 Lepto<permam has existed for many years in a warm 

 sheltered garden near London, that tiwemmerdamia 

 is an evergreen bush as hardy as a Laurel, that the 

 Van Diemen's Land "Myrtle" (Faults Cunning- 

 hamii) has also resisted the frost of Middlesex for 

 two or three years, and especially that in some parts 

 of Devonshire Gum trees (Eucalypti) and Wattles 

 (Acacias) have grown into trees; but, on the other 

 hand, it is too certain that such plants have been 

 destroyed by unusually hard winters, and that if we 

 have a few cases of species enduring the midland 

 climate of England, we have a far greater number 

 of examples of their shrinking from it. 



Nevertheless it cannot be said that any experi- 

 ment upon the hardiness of Tasmannian plants has 

 yet been fairly tried. It does not follow that the 

 vegetation of the mountainous districts should perish 

 because that from the lowlands of Hobart Town 

 proves tender; nor can we infer, because Acacia 

 lophantha and some continental Eucalypti have 

 been struck down by even a Devonshire frost, that 

 therefore the species of more southern and severer 

 regions would share the same fate. What we 

 know of the climate of Van Diemen's land leads to 



contrary inferences. 



It appears from Captain Kay's meteorological 

 observations, made at the Royal Observatory, Hobart 

 Town, in 1847 and 1848, that the climate, although 

 not severe in that sheltered place, is by no means so 

 mild as to distinguish it from the south-western 

 counties of Great Britain and Ireland ; the main 

 difference, in fact, consists in the excessive heats for 

 short periods during the summer. In 1847 the ther- 

 mometer stood at 100° in the shade on the 21st of 

 February, and at 103° on the 8th of December^ at 

 midnight, on the first occasion, it remained at 73°, 

 and on the second a black bulb thermometer rose 





in the day to 156.5°. But in 1848 the temperature 

 never exceeded 91° in the shade. On the other 

 hand, the winter temperature was as follows : 



1848. 



May 



June 



July 



AweuRt 



1847. 



Max. 



Mto. Mean. 



64. 

 53.4 



55. 

 65. 



34. 2 

 33.2 



38. 



3$. 



M«. an. 



49.1 

 45.8 

 42.8 

 45.8 



Nor 



this attended with unusual dryness; for 

 if the whole quantity of rain registered in 1847 was 

 only 14.02 inches, it was 23.67 in 1848 ; and it 

 would appear that an alternation of dry and wet 

 seasons is characteristic of the climate of Hobart 



Town. 



This, we conceive, is sufficiently similar to the 

 climate of the south-west of England, and south of 

 Ireland, to render the naturalisation there of the 

 Hobart Town trees worthy a trial ; and we see no 

 reason to doubt that the Blue Gum Tree, Muskwood, 

 Myrtles and Wattles of that locality would decorate 

 the Killarney district as freely as the Arbutus itself. 

 But in truth the climate of the observatory of Hobart 

 Town, although on the south of Tasmannia, by no 

 means represents the extreme climate of the island, 

 as will be seen from the following extracts from 

 Mr. Backhouse's useful Journal : 



"A single Lemon tree exists in a garden at 

 New Norfolk, and another at O'Brien's Bridge, but 

 the climate is not warm enough for them, and they 

 are protected during the winter. Cape Pelargo- 

 niums (the Geraniums of English greenhouses) 

 endure the winter at Hobart Town, but they are 

 killed by frost at New Norfolk, and at other places 

 in the interior." (P. 155.) 



Hobart Town, Aug. 9.— "The weather at this 

 period was tolerably mild, and generally remarkably 

 fine for the season. We had seldom to use umbrellas 

 as a defence against rain, and the tracked roads 



