

I I. 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



323 



,-ri Tl ;vL SOCIETY OF LONDON.— 



h.rlhr^.Ten .1, it the Second II IB1 T IDS' 

 Kr' , I" F T. in the BOCMTT« GARDEN, 



H"> , K 



. •■ ^^t T K-a^^ 7 0*e.il|H» prating tb, 



„?."» £ Jft ^'lu WS.!!Each Fellow of the Society 



n il ^rton.l .dmlain to these Exhibition, without a 



*%? m«F »U ' personally introduce a friend m;h an 



^.2, T™St at b&past TweWe, at Gate No. 4 .n the 



"fSJ n.h're's r»ad ; or, if unable to attend personally, 



*r^2?2S£"»"J ■ repre.it him, provided she is herselt 



*> * ' , th an admission ticket to which hi* si-nature 



*»*2J; Similar privilege* belong to Ladies who are 



•* ^«^he Society. . ,.,,.„ 



let e'ranrera qui desireront se procurer de* billet? 



__ pourroot en ohtenir des mandats en s'addr<:ssant 



^bMtade ou i leur Consular, 

 **J*«.. «n t.tree'. London. 



^vXl SOUTH LONDON FLORICULTURAL 



iicTY — Under th« Patronagb of He* Most 



£\.«Yki«m ths Qoeen. TheSfclCuND KXHIBITIOX 





80CIBTY. 



r j x -v 



ill be held at the Royal Surrey Z >oiogic i\ 



ITWEDSESDAY, the 28th of May— open to all 

 -a-trhen Prizes will be awarded for the following pro- 

 vis. 



: 



during tlie process ol digestion, js a certain u - 



inctive test of that particular tistue from all 



other tissues. 



In proportion as the digestive process declines or 

 entirely subsides, the quantity of sugar poured by 

 the subhepatic veins into the general circulation 

 diminishes, as also that contained in the hepatic 



tissue itself. 



The author has shown very clearly by experiments 

 conducted on various animals, that the sugar is not 

 derived directly from the nutriment taken. Even 

 when substances were administered which could not, 

 according; to received notions, under the process of 



Blue 



Miscellaneous, Orchidaceous, and Specimen 

 «.„•« reiarxuaiums, Cape Heaths, Azaleas, TuHpa, Hearts. 

 l-!f viffe*«blM Ac. In addition to the prizes offered by the 

 t~itr Mr K 'J. Lawrence, of Hampton, offer* U. value of 

 53m Jo Amateurs ; also, by subscription, Prizes for Seedling 

 JS* sod Heartsease, in addition to Certificates granted by 



^Tht following Exhibitions will also take place at the Royal 

 Surrey Zoological Gardens: on Wednesday, June 25; Thur*. 

 Jat Juir 24 and Wednesday, Sept. 3. 



Lift or 1'rizes and the Rules for Exhibition may be obtained 

 jl-jjjj John Taylok Neville, Secretary. 



Ebeaezer Hou se, Peck ham, Surrey. ___ 



7e\V D\HLIAS; E. FOSTER'S, Esq., CHOICE PELAR- 

 G S1UMS; PICOTEES, CARNATIONS, HOLLYHOCKS, 



PA 31E*,** — - 



TX'JLLIAM BRAGG, Star Nursery, Slough, begs to 



V V say his Catalogue ot the above Flowers is now ready, 

 sod can be had on application. His choice SEEDLING 

 DAHLIAS will be sent out the first week in May at 10s. 6d. 



each, viz :— 



ADMIRAL, rich lilac, very constant, gained first Seedling 

 jrixe, '25s., at the Royal South London Exhibition ; 21s. Shackle 

 well Open shows, drc , fourteen first class certificates ; the most 



laecoisful flower of the year. 



CARMINA, rich carmine, constant show flower, gained six 

 frit class certificate-, <fec, shown in several winning stands. 



The Hon. Mas. ASHLEY, waxy white, tipped with ro3e, 



Slendid show flower, <fec. W. B» thinks it the best Dahlia of 

 e season; was awarded by Dr. Lindley a certificate of merit 



at the Horticultural Society, die. Gained five first class certi- 

 ficates. 



QUEEN OF FAIRIES, Domeyer. W.Bbago has purchased 

 the stock of this fine and constant fancy Dahlia, from the 

 above amateur, who will give 51, in prizes the next season for 

 :hi« flower. It gained a Seedling prize and first class certificate, 

 with Edwards's Mrs. Hansard; at the Royal South London 

 Open Show Exhibition five first class certificates. 



w*. B.'s stock of Picotees, Carnations, and Pinks are strong 

 and fjood ; the best Hollyhock Seed ever sent out can be had 

 in 2s. 64, and 5s. packets, post paid, for prepayment. 



EXHIBITION OF TULIPS. 



TJENRY GROOM, Clapham-rise, near London, 



**"*■ Florist by appointment to Her Majesty the Qceen and 

 to His Majesty the Kino of Saxony, respectfully informs the 

 Jfobiiity, Gentry, aud the Public, that his SUPERB COLLEC- 

 TION OF TULIPS is now in flower, and can be viewed every 

 day, from 9 oMock until 6, Sundays excepted. Admittance Is., 

 Children h alf p rice. 



H CHOICE BEDDING PLANTS. 



ENRY WALTON, Florist, &c, Edge-end, 

 Marsden, near Burnley, Lancashire, begs to offer the 

 following at the extremely low prices attached, viz., 1U0 fine 

 named Dahlias, includiog several of 1850, foiyeOs. ; 50 for 30s ; 

 » for 9*. to 18s. ; 12 for 4s. Gd. to 9s. ; PaoflSs, 25 fine named 

 varieties, 10s. ; 12 do., 4s. 6tf. to 6s. ; 12 fine named Pinks, 4s ; 

 if Verbenas, 3s. 6d. ; 12 fine named scarlet Geraniums, 4s. 6d. 

 to 6s. ; 12 Ivy-leaved do., 4s. ; 12 common Geraniums, fine 

 itroog plants, 4s. 6d. to 6s. ; 12 Cupheas, 3s. 6d. ; 12 Heliotro- 

 jinms, of sorts, 4s. ; 12 fine named Petunias, 4s. : 12 Mimulus, 

 4*.; 12 Lobelia erinus, of sorts, 6s. ; or 12 of each of the above 

 tots for 21. The above may be had the second week in May, in 

 ttrong healthy pants, securely packed, so as to ensure safe 

 delivery of all orders. 



Achimenes Tugwelliana, longiflora alba, fimbriata,- Ghies- 

 •reghtii, Bodmeri, Escherii, roaea superb, eximia rosea, cor- 

 4ata. Knightii, Skinneri grandiflora, patens major. The above 

 W, free by post, for 10s. ; or 6 for 7s. 6d. Gloxinias, 12 fine 

 lamed varieties for 9s. to 16s. ; or 6 for 5s. to 10s. 



Catalogues may be had by inclosing one stamp. Strong 

 well-noted plants may be depended upon. It is respectfully 

 requested all orders be accompanied with a Post-office order, 

 maae payable at Marsden, near Burnley, Lancashire. 



gallis, Ss. ; Cupheas of horts, 6s. ; Calceolaria of ^orts, 6s. 

 9s.; Dielytra spectabile, 12s.; Cheiranthus alpinus, 12s. 



ROSES, IN POTS, FOK PLANTING OUT.— A 

 Descriptive Catalogue of AUT INAL R ?ES has 

 been recently published, in which ar^in-erted some new Hybrid 

 Perpetual Roses plants of which e;m be ha-i in \ , grat i 

 or. Manettii Rose stocks. The abov • is sent free per post, on 

 application to TfloMAS Rivers, The Nurseries, Sawbridge- 



worth, Herts. 



8RLECT HKDDING PLANTS. 



ASS and BROWN have a large and fine Stock of 



the following, well established, and now sending out \ 

 they are mostly in small pors, so as to be packed in a little 

 compass. Those marked * can be sent free by post, if re- 

 quired. 

 SCARLET GERANIUMS, in variety, strong, Gs. and 9s. 



per dozen. 



* VERBENAS, a large collection of the best sorts for formim 

 dwarf beds, such as Apolion, Anacreon, Defiance, Emma, 



Eclipse, Eyebrurht Juoon, Princess Alice ; ^Jche, Rosati, digestior T { t ftny sacc harine principle, sac- 



Vulcan, White Perfection, and others, 4s. per dozen. b . > b c xloc ™ " J r uZ^J r» 



* petunias, a large collection of bright purple and crimson cnanne matter was still present in tne liver, 

 flowers, 5s. per dozen. . dogs fed for several months with nothing but meat, 



* FUCHSIAS, a large collection of select varieties, 5s. p. doz. 

 DAHLIAS, the best varieties, both show and fancy, 5s. t 9s., 



and 12s. per dozen. 



Heliotropes of sorts, 4s. to 6s. ; Bouvardias of sorts, 9s. 

 Lantana crocea, 6s. : Lobelia maxima, erinus, &c, 4s. 



Ana 

 and 

 per doz^, and mauy others. 



Also the following selections of newer varieties : 

 GERANIUMS, 12 fine show vars., 12s. ; 12 -uperb do., 21s. 

 FANCY GERANIUMS, 12 beau ttl vars., V2s. ; 6 for 7s. 6i. 

 'FUCHSIAS, 12 fine vars., 9s. ; 12 superb new ws., 15s. 

 DAHLIAS, 12 tine vars., 9s. ; 12 quite new vars., 21s. 

 ,, FANCY, 12 fine vars., 9s ; 6 quite new, 10s. 



* PETUNTAS, 12 tine vars., 9s. ; 12 superb new vai . lis. 



* VERBENAS, 12 fine vars., 7s. 6dL ; 25 «io., 12s. ; 13 superb 



new, 12s nn 



HARDY BORDER PLANTS, 100 select var*., 30s. ; 50 for 30s. 



., „ superior and new, 50 vars., 30s. ; 25 for 17s. 6d. 



ROCK PLANTS, 25 select vars., 12s. ; 12 vars., 7s. 6<J. 



ANTIRRHINUMS, 12 fine vars.. 6s. ; 12 superb new, 10s. 



PHLOX, 12 fine vars., (is. ; 25 vars., 10s. $d. ; 12 superb 



newer, 9s. 



PENTSTEMONS, 12 fine vars., 7s. &l ; 6 vars., 5s. 

 GREENHOUSE PLANTS, 12 select vars., 15s.; 25 fine 



vars , 28s. 

 STOVE PLANTS, 12 new and select vars., 18s. to 24s. 



* ACHIMENES, 6 splendid new, 7#.6<f. ; 12 tine vars., 9s. 

 GLOXINIAS, 6 sph-iidid new, 7s. 6d. ; 12 fine vars., 12s. 

 NEW PLANTS, see a List in the Gardeners 9 Chronicle for 



May 3d, April 26th, and April 19th. 



Stamped Catalogues forwarded on application, free. 



Remittances requested from unknown correspondents. Post- 

 office orders to be made payable to Bass and Brown, or 

 Stephen Brown. Postage stamps received fur small amounts. 



Bass and Brown, Seed and Horticultural Establishment, 

 Sudbury, Suffolk. 



2Tiie ©artrenerg' Chronicle* fact, diabetic 



though no sugar exi- -d in the intestines, or in the 

 blood carried to the liver by the vena porta, that of 

 the subhepatic veins was always saccharine. After 

 long continued abstinence, when saccharine matter 

 has entirely vanished from the tissue of the liver, as 

 soon as digestion commences, though nothing except 

 meat be administered, the sugar reappears in the 

 liver, and must therefore arise from some specific 

 action in that organ. 



The sugar then produced has all the characters of 

 glucose, and when fermented with yeast produces 

 alcohol and carbonic acid. Its solution is rendered 

 brown by caustic alkali and decomposed by tartrate 

 of copper dissolved in potash. 



It may be added that it is decomposed by contact 

 with blood and animal tissues more rapidly than 

 ordinary glucose, so that, in consequence, investiga- 

 tions must be made as soon as possible after the 



death of the subject. 



Another very singular point is the influence of the 

 nervous system on its production. The division of 

 the two pneumogastric nerves makes it disappear at 

 once ; and, on the contrary, if the spine be punctured 

 with a very sharp instrument, between the point of 

 origin of the nerves just mentioned and that of the 

 emergence of the auiitory nerves, saccharine matter 

 is produced abundantly; the blood and other fluids 

 are surcharged with it 3 and the animals become, in 



SATURDA Y, MA Y 24, 1851. 



MEETINGS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. 

 Mohdat, May 26— Geographical ( Anniversary) 1 p.m. 



S Civil Engineer* 8 r.K. 

 Medical and Chirurjrical SJr.M. 

 Zoological 9 r si. 



I Roy hi S >u'h London 1 p.m. 



28< Royal Boianic 3jF.ii. 



L Geological 84p.m. 



29— Antiquarian 8 v.rt. 



30- Royal Institution Sir m. 



(Royal Botanic Gardens (Ameri- 



31< cau Plant Show) 2 pm. 



(Medical 8 p.m. 



Coontrt Shows.- Tuesday, May 27: Derby Tulip.— Thursday, May 29: 

 Oxford Horticultural 



TUHDAT, 



Wbdmbsdat, 



Thubbdai, 

 Friday, 



Satubdat, 



"KOH-I-NOOR." 



\IEW AND ELEGANT FUCHSIA, 



, Fine plants are now ready to be sent out of this superb 

 *nd uorivailed Fuchsia KOH-I-NOOR, which has proved 

 itself one of the finest, of the dark varieties. The flowers of 

 «ttri large sice, brilliant and very glossy colours ; tube and 



pfl* a^ crim80n J tne corolla a fine pmrple ; sepals well 

 ren-ied, showing the rich corolla to great advantage, and an 



»nT« bloomer 5 tbe P 1 * 1 ** is al»o of very Buperior habit, 

 wi/h 8t " rdte f° r exhibition ; no collection can be complete 

 nllf T*! fottnio* the centre. It will also be found a most 

 tii n P for the Nur »« , 7 m aQ, as it continues in bloom for 

 h»n i 1 ' the floWer8 always retaining their fine colour, and 

 ™*? 7 fc11 on the P 1ant - It was seen by the following first. 

 |?p J p*** wben in b*oom last season: G. D. Fisher, Esq.; 

 Su. p. °i ' of DevoQ8nir « Cottage; Mr f Cole, Gardener to 

 Mr H J ' Mr * Carm j chae, » Gardener to G. Tug well, Esq. ; 



- — «*, jsrt,q. ; Mr , wooton, uardener to the Rev. E. D. 

 I**^ 8 ; Mr. Drummond, Nurseryman ; Mr. Scott, Bathford ; 

 rii . * re ? an » a8sistanr - to Mr. Griflin, Nurseryman, ail of 



to a U tiar dener t^ General Andrews ; Mr. Grant, Gardener 

 fih a*?.' E **'> Mr - Wooton, Gardener to the Rev. E. D. 



Mr, 



•ft ; and Mr. I very, of Peckham, London, all of whom' passed 



lTlh* OF l« lllolli,lthefonowio ^ manoef: "Your Fuchsia is one 

 certTin ? dark yarietie * w ^ have yet seen ; the habit is 



latuf. y . 8p,endid » and taerewill be no doubt as to its giving 

 w^faetiorj to all who grow it." 6 s 



•Decim * tr0ng P lantB » x foot h? S b » 8,ach as w '^ make good 

 lUt &i IS lhl8 season » wiU be 8ent » on receipt of ihe amount of 

 can bt*' natn P er and package included ; smaller ditto, such as 



when p 9e i nt by po8t ' 7s ' edm each ' ho± and P° 8ta « e included, 

 to th , emlttan ce accompanies the order. The usual allowance 



Sow K e * hen tbree P lanU are tak en. 

 H iu y ^ Dw *bi> Tilet. Nurseryman, Seedsman, and Florist. 



. 7 p^ ChQI cbyard, Bath. 

 k*Z™ p r » et - M e-Not, Myosotis azurea grandiflora, can stUl 



1 8u Ppued at 2#. Gd. per packet. 



Though much practical benefit has accrued both 

 ilo the gardener and farmer from the modern im- 

 provements in organic chemistry, it can scarcely 

 have escaped the observation of any intelligent 

 reader that a sort of absolutism is frequently dis- 

 played in the enunciation or recommendation of any 

 favourite scheme. This is scarcely consistent with 

 the minute circumstances, that may produce 

 very different results from those which were at first 

 anticipated. Where vital organs are the subject of 

 inquiry, or where they are involved in the produc-' 

 tion of chemical changes^ we must be prepared fre- 

 quently for very unexpected results ; we must act 

 with great caution, both as to the hopes we may 

 form and the inferences we may be inclined to 

 draw. Without some mental discipline of this de- 

 scription we shall be liable to much disappointment, 

 and may incur considerable loss in the working otit of 

 our theories. The truth of this has never been more 

 forcibly brought before us, though it has always had 

 a very palpable influence on our speculations, than 

 by the perusal of the abstract of the very important 

 memoir, by M. Claude Bernard, which appeared 

 in the " Comptes Rendus" for October 21, 1850, on 

 the production of sugar in the liver of various 

 animals. Its bearing on many questions in vege- 

 table physiology is so evident, that we make no 

 apology for calling to it the attention of our readers, 

 though in itself purely zoological. 



The mixture of sugar in blood and other animal 

 fluids, has been long considered as a merely acci- 

 dental circumstance, but it appears that not only is 

 it a constant and indispensable fact in the regular 

 accomplishment of the functions of nutrition, but 

 that its presence does not depend upon any par- 

 ticular nutriment, and is effected in the liver of 



Some papers have lately appeared in the Journal 

 of the Agricultural Society, respecting the varieties 

 of climate to be found in the British Islands. They 

 are interesting as far as they go, and may possibly 

 have greater truth and importance in an agricultural 

 point of view than in an horticultural one, in which, 

 at least, they require to be corrected in more than 



I one instance. 



It is well laid down that the ruling cardinal points 

 of our climate are rather east and west, than north 

 and south ; in other words, that the compass, consi- 

 dered as an index to the climate of Britain, must be 



that is, that 



imagined as turned one quarter round,- 



our coldest point is east, not north ; our warmest, 



west rather than south. 



This fact is both true and important, as far as 

 climate depends on prevalent winds, which it does 

 more exclusively in these than perhaps in any 

 countries in any latitude. But the sun's place in 

 the heavens being constant, according to the season 

 in each respective latitude, this item also must 

 be admitted as a modification of those circumstances 

 of climate previously alluded to, which depend 

 upon the winds. The sun's power in each latitude, 

 per se, is a fixed quantity *. the influence of the winds 

 a variable one in two senses. First, the alternation 

 between east and west winds, which forms the basis 

 of our peculiar climate ; secondly, the variation in 

 these alternations from one season to another, which 

 requires an average to be struck, or assumed, before 

 it can be used as an ascertained quantity in any 

 theory on the subject. In short, the sun's power 

 will be the given fixed principle of the climate, the 

 wind's influence the modifying one. 



We conceive therefore, that the nearly meridional 

 lines by which the new climate-map of England is 

 divided, wall have to be crossed by other lines more 

 or less approaching the latitude, before a correct 

 estimate, at least for horticultural purposes, can be 



arrived at. 



Every climate out of the tropics can only be cor- 

 rectly estimated after a long experience of three 

 principal circumstances, viz. : the maximum, mini- 

 mum, and average of winter temperature, of summer 

 temperature, and of annual temperature. These will 

 not depend on the two great causes alone before* 

 mentioned, sun and winds : other circumstances, 

 meteoric and geographical, will conspire to make great 

 differences in the results obtained from localities not 

 far distant from each other. The proximity of the sea, 

 which affects not only the temperature, but in a 

 variably contains sugar, whatever may be the nature I degree too much overlooked, the quality of the air 

 of the food that has been taken. At this period the in its vicinity : the elevation above it, connected 

 substance of the liver is impregnated with sugar to not only with the coldness but rarity of the atmo- 

 a considerable degree, which is not the case with sphere : the light : the great difference between sea- 

 any other organ, insomuch that the presence of sugar, J f g ; mountain-fog, and river or ground-fog (a dis- 



man and other animals by a special action of the 

 organ in which it is produced. 



During the process of digestion, the blood which 

 proceeds from the liver by the subhepatic veins in- 



